lawrence g. roberts ceo anagran [email protected] september 2005 arpanet history
TRANSCRIPT
Copyright Anagran 2005
Packet Switching History
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1959 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973
Redundancy
Routing
Economics
Topology
Queuing
Protocol
Experiment INTERNET 3 nodes 13 20 38
Len Kleinrock MIT
Paul BaranRand
Roberts& Marill
MIT
TX-2-SDC2 Node Exp
Larry RobertsARPA
Davies &Scantlebury
NPLOne Node
Book “Communication Nets”
IEEE paper
FJCC Paper
J.C.R. Licklider - Intergalactic Network
Donald DaviesNPL
ACM paperIFIP paper
ACM paperSJCC Paper
ARPANET Program
RLE Report
Rand Report
IEEE papers
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The Beginning of the ARPANET
• 1965 – MIT Experimental Two Computer Experiment (ARPA Funded) – Packets over Dial Telephone Network 1
• Proved Circuit Switching too slow, unreliable and expensive
• Packet Network Proposed by Roberts• Queuing Theory – Len Kleinrock• Packet Structure from Experiment• Computer Interface from Experiment
• 1967 - Roberts moved to ARPA • ARPANET Planned 2
• 1968 - All ARPA Research Sites pushed to join network and share computer power
• 1968 – RFP for Packet Switch won by BBN• 1969 – Graduate Student Team to design host-
host protocol: • Led by Steve Crocker
• Vint Cerf on team
1. “Toward a Cooperative Network of Time-Shared Computers”,Roberts & Marill, Fall Joint Computer Conference, SF, California, November 19662. “Multiple Computer Networks and Intercomputer Communication, Lawrence Roberts, ” ACM Symposium, Gatlinburg, Tennessee, October 1967.
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ARPANET Program Plan
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ARPANET Logical Structure
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Internet Early History
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1,000
10,000
100,000
1969 1971 1973 1975 1977 1979 1981 1983 1985 1987
Ho
sts
or
Traf
fic
in b
ps/
10
Hosts
TrafficTCP/IPNCP
EMAIL FTP
ICCC Demo
Aloha-Packet Radio
SATNET - Satellite to UK
Spans US
Ethernet
DNSPacketRadioNET
“Internet”Name first used- RFC 675
TCP/IP Design
X.25 – Virtual Circuit standard
Roberts term at ARPA Kahn term at ARPA
Cerf term at ARPA
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ARPANET in 1971
ARPANET 1971
ARPANET 1971
18 Nodes
Copyright Anagran 2005 From: “Data by the Packet,” IEEE Spectrum, Lawrence Roberts, Vol. 11, No. 2, February 1974, pp. 46-51.
Packet Switching – 1969 Cost Crossover
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NAE Draper Award LaureatesFebruary 20th, 2001
Roberts Kahn Kleinrock Cerf
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US Internet TrafficUS Internet Traffic
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1970 1980 1990 2000 2010
Gig
abit
s p
er s
eco
nd
Internet Bandwidth per User in US
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10
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1,000
10,000
100,000
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
Bit
s/S
eco
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ARPANET
NSFNET
Commercial