law of limitation in criminal cases in gujarati
TRANSCRIPT
A P RANDHIR
Self study Limitation in criminal cases
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The Economy offences ( In applicability of Limitation ) Act, 1974 GF
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(1) The Indian IncomeTax Act, 1922
(2) The Income Tax Act, 1961
A The interest Tax Act,1974
B The Hotel Receipts Tax Act, 1980
C The Expenditure Tax Act, 1987
(3) The Companies (Profit ) SurTax Act, 1964
(4) The Health Tax Act, 1957
(5) The Gift Tax Act, 1958
(6) The Central sales Tax Act, 1956
(7) The Central Excises and salt Act, 1944
(8) The Medicinal and Toilet Preparations (Excise duties) Act, 1955
(9) The Cutstoms Act, 1962
(10) The Gold (Control ) Act, 1968
(11) The Imports and exports (Control) Act, 1947
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(12) Foreign Exchange Regulation Act, 1947
(13) Foreign Exchange Regulation Act, 1973
(14) The Capital Issues (Control) Act, 1947
(15) The Indian stamp Act, 1899
(16) The Emergency Risks (goods) Insurance Act, 1962
(17) The Emergency Risks (factories) Insurance Act, 1972
(18) The Emergency Risks (goods) Insurance Act, 1971
(19) The Emergency Risks (Undertakings) Insurance Act, 1962
(20) The General Insurance Business (Nationalisation) Act, 1972
(21) The Industries (Development & Regulation) Act, 1951
Section467.DefinitionsFor the purposes of this chapter ,unless the
context otherwiseat ,requires ,"period of limitation "means the
period specified in section 468 for taking cognizance of an offence.
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Section468Bar to taking cognizance after lapse of the period of
limitation(1) Except as otherwise provided elsewhere in this
code ,no court shall take cognizance of an offence of the category
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specified in sub section (2) ,after the expiry of the period of
limitation.
(2) The period of limitation shall be
(a) six months ,if the offence is punishable with fine only;
(b) one year ,if the offence is punishable with imprisonment for
a term not exceeding one year ;
(c) three years ,if the offence is punishable with imprisonment
for a term exceeding one year but not exceeding three years.
[(3) For the purpose of this section ,the period of limitation ,in
relation to offences which may be tried together ,shall be determind
with reference to the offence which is punishable with the more
severe punishment or,as the case may be,the most sever punishment.]
Limitation Punishment of
offence
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A P RANDHIR
Section 469. Commencement of the period of
limitation(1)The period of limitation,in relation to an offence
shall commence;
(a) on the date of the offence ;or
(b)where the commission of the offence was not known to the person
aggrieved by the offence or to any police officer ,the first day on
which such offence comes to the knowledge of such person or to any
police officer ,whichever is earlier;or
(c)where it is not known by whom the offence was commited ,the
first day on which the identity of the offender is known to the person
aggrieved by the offence or to the police officer making investigation
into the offence ,whichever is earlier.
(2) In computing the said period ,the day from such period is to be
computed shall be excluded.
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Section 470 Exclusion of time in certain cases (1)In
computing the period of limitation ,the time during which any person
has been prosecuting with due diligence another prosecution ,whether
in a court of first instance or in a court of appeal or revision ,against
the offender ,shall be excluded:
Provided that no such exclusion shall be made unless the
prosecution relates to the same facts and is prosecuted in good faith in
a court which from defect of jurisdiction or other cause of a like
nature,is unable to entertain it.
(2) where the institution of the prosecution in respect of an
offence has been stayed by an injunction or order ,then,in
computing the period of limitation ,the period of the continous
of the injunction or order ,the day on which it was issued or
made ,and the day on which it was withdrawn ,shall be
excluded.
(3) where notice of prosecution for an offence has been given ,or
where,under any law for the time being inforce,the previous
consent or sanction of the Government or any other authority is
required for the institution of any prosecution for an offence
,then in computing the period of limitation,the period of such
notice or,as the case may be, the time required for obtaining
such consent or sanction shall be excluded.
ExplanationIn computing the time required for obtaining the
consent or sanction of the government or any other authority
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,the date on which the application was made for obtaining the
consent or sanction and the date of receipt of the order of
Government or other authority shall both be excluded.
(4) In computing the period of limitation ,the time during which the
offender
(a)has been absent from the India or from any territory
outside India which is under the administration of the Central
Government,or
(b)has avoided arrest by absconding or concealing
himself,shall be excluded.
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A P RANDHIR
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A P RANDHIR
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Section 471 Exclusion of date on which court is
closed.Where the period of limitation expires on a day when the
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court is closed ,the court may take cognizance on the day on which
the court reopens.
Explanation ;A court shall be deemed to be closed on any day
within the meaning of this section ,if ,during the normal working
hours,it remains closed on that day.
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Section 472 continuing offence – In the case of a
continuing offence ,a fresh period of limitation shall begun to run at
every moment of the time during which the offence continues.
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Section 473 Extension of period of limitation in
certain cases:Notwithstanding anything contained in the
foregoing provisions of this chapter ,any court may make contained in
the forgoing provisions of this chapter ,any court may make
cognizance of an offence after the expiry of the period of limitation .if
it is satisfied on the facts and in the circumstances of the case that the
delay has been properly explained or that it is necessary so to do in
the interest of justice.
A P RANDHIR
VNF,T wJFZF SM. OMHNFZL SFI"JFCLDF\ U]GFGM
SMuGLhg; ,[JFDF\ VFJ[ T[ DF8[ S,Dv$&( YL DIF"NF D]SJFDF\
VFJL K[ VG[ VF S,DGL HMUJF.YL T[ DIF"NF C/JL SZJFDF\
VFJL XSFI V[D SCL XSFI S[ S,Dv$&( V[S LGID K[ VG[ VF S,D
T[GM V5JFN K[P ;DIDIF"NF JLTL UIF AFN OMHNFZL
SFI"JFCL NFB, SZJFDF\ VFJ[ TM V[S lGID TZLS[ T[GM
SMuGLhg; ,. XSFI GlCP 5Z\T] H[ lJ,\A YJF 5FdIM CMI T[ lJ,\A
XF SFZ6[ YJF 5FdIM K[ T[GM IMuI ZLT[ B],F;M SZJFDF\
VFJ[ VG[ VNF,TG[ ;\TMQF YFI S[ H[ lJ,\A SZJFDF\ VFjIM K[P
T[ DF8[GF SFZ6GM IMuI B],F;M VF5JFDF\ VFjIM K[P TM
;DIDIF"NF JLTL U. CMI T[D KTF\ VNF,TG[ V[J]\ ,FU[ S[ gIFIGF
lCTDF\ TYF gIFIGM C[T] l;wW SZJF DF8[ OMHNFZL
SFI"JFCL ;DIDIF"NF JLTL UIF AFN NFB, SZJFDF\ VFJL
CMJF KTF\ SMuGLhg; ,[JM VFJxIS K[ TM VNF,TG[ ;DIDIF"NF
DFO SZJF DF8[ VF S,DYL ;tTF VF5JFDF\ VFJL K[P VF
S,DDF\ 'May' V[JM XaN 5|IMU SZJFDF\ VFjIM
K[ VG[ V[ ZLT[ SM8"G[ lJXF/ discretionary powers VF5JFDF\
A P RANDHIR
VFjIF\ K[P Limitation Act , sec5 D]HA 56 SM8"G[ VFJL
Discretionary powers VF5JFDF\ VFjIF K[P lJ,\A V\U[GM B],F;M
IMuI K[ S[ S[D T[ 5|TI[S S[;GF ;\HMUM TYF CSLST 5ZYL
GSSL SZJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P HM SM. 51FSFZ time limit DF\
OMHNFZL SFI"JFCL NFB, G SZL XS[ VG[ T[ DF8[ IMuI
SFZ6M T[GF wJFZF ZH] SZJFDF\ VFJ[ VG[ lJ,\A DF8[GM IMuI
B],F;M SZJFDF\ VFJ[ TM T[JF 51FSFZG[ V[D SCL XSFI GlC
S[ ;DIDIF"NF JLTL U. CMJFGF SFZ6[ T[JL .g;FOL SFI"JFCL
R,FJL XSFX[ GlCP VF p5ZF\T gIFIGF lCTDF\ T[D SZJ]\
VFJxIS H6FI tIFZ[ 56 ;DIDDIF"NF JLTL UIF KTF\ 56 VNF,T
SMuGLhg; ,. XS[ K[P U]GFGL U\ELZTF4 jIlSTLGL V5ZFWJ'ltT
TYF HFC[Z gIFI VFU/ W5[ T[JF SFZ6;Z OlZIFN SZGFZ
jIlSTGL p5[1FF S[ A[NZSFZLGF SFZ6[ gIFIGM C[T] DFIM" G
HFI TYF U]GM SZGFZG[ IMuI GxIT D/[ T[ 56 gIFIGM C[T]
K[ VG[ T[ HMJFGL VNF,TGL OZH K[P
Judgements
A P RANDHIR
1. Macleod Pramaceutical Pvt. Ltd. & ors us. Rajasthan 2005 (2)
Cri. court cases 242 (Rajasthan)
Ratio Plea of limitation can be raised at any time during trial.
2. 2002 (1) Cri. court cases 05 (P&H)
Mastan singh vs. Jaswinder Singh Zora Singh Sandhu
Ratio Coffence was u/s 406 of IPC)
It is continuing offence which continues until the property is
restored to his true owner.
3. 2003 (1) C.C.C. 665 (P&H)
M/S kheti sewa center, Ludhiyana us State of Punjab
Offence was u/s 29) of Insecticides Act. Punishment prescribed
is 2 years, under sec.29 (1). Limitation to file complaint is 3
years, complaint filed after four year. Complaint & summoning
order quashed.
4. 2004 (3) Cri. Court cases 229 (kerala)
George Mathew u/s poulose varkey
Ratio Date to be reckoned for the purpose of computing
limitation is the date on which the complaint is filed and not the
date on which the magisterial act of taking cognizance manifests
u/s 204 of Cr.p.c.
5. 2004 (2) Cri. courts cases 444 (P&H)
Kamail Singh vs State of Haryana
Ratio No period of limitation is prescribed for an offence for
which punishment prescribed is more than 3 three years.
A P RANDHIR
6. 2002 (1) Cri. courts cases 415 (A.P)
O.R. Alayi vs Govt. of A.P.
Date of commission of on offence has to be taken in to
consideration while deciding the period of Limitation.
7. 2005 (2) Cri. c.c. 440 (S.C.)
Ramesh vs T.N.
offence u/s 498A, 406 IPC
In case of offence u/s 498A, Last act of cruelty is the starting
point of Limitation.
8. 2003 (2) Apex Court Judgements 705 (SC)
= 2004 (1) Cr.C.C. 186 (SC)
Bharat Damodar kale & Anr. vs State of A.P.
Complaint filed within limitation but cognizance taken after
period of Limitation
Held, that Limitation prescribed is only for the filling of the
complaint or initiation of the prosecution and not for taking
cognizance.
9. 2005 (1) Cr.C.C. 541 (SC)
Zandu Pharmaceutical Works Ltd. us Mohd.Sharalul Haque
Power of court to extend period of limitation can be exercised
when court is satisfied on the facts and circumstances of the
case that delay has been properly explained or that it is
necessary to do so in the interest of justice.
10. 2003 (2) Cr. c.c. 349 (P&H)
A P RANDHIR
Amar singh & ors us State of Punjab
condonation of delay after taking cognizance of an offence is
not valid, Delay has to be condoned before taking cognizance of
offence.
11. 2002 (1) Cr. c.c. 646 (P&H)
(Hussan lal vs Punjab)498A is continuous offence and by virtue
of provision of sec473 of Cr.P.C. court is competent to take
cognizance even ofter the period of limitation.
12. 2002 (1) Cr. c.c. 460 (A.P.)
Delay can not be condoned in case of Negotiable Instrument Act
(sec142) Cr.P.C. and Limitation Act is not applicable.
13. 2004 (3) Cr. c.c. 249 (Kerala)
J.Kamla & ors vs Drug Inspector & Anr)
Delay can not be condoned as a matter of routine without
sufficient reasons.
When offence is in nature of trival and there is enormous delay.
Court not to exercise its power u/s 473 Crpc
14. 2003 (1) Cr. c.c. 540 (Delhi)
Sanjay Gupta vs. State
In case of Election theft, There was delay of 4 years in filling
chargesheet. Delay was condoned without affording opportunity
to accuse Held that right accused to accused can not be taken
away without giving him an opportunity of hearing.
A P RANDHIR