launch a successful lte footprints in bangladesh

Launch a successful LTE Footprints in Bangladesh – Challenges & Achievements

Faisal Mobarak Assistant General Manager, Ollo Wireless Internet

Internet in Bangladesh & BIEL 4G LTE

BIEL is working in Bangladesh since 2007 with ISP license having one of the Iirst and biggest large-‐scale deployment of a 3.5 GHz WiMAX network. Currently, it covers major areas of Dhaka including Uttara, Gulshan, Mohakhali, Dhanmondi, Motijheel & its surrounding areas.

BIEL has been granted BWA License according to the BWA guidelines by the Bangladesh Telecommunication Regulatory Authority (BTRC) in Nov, 2013 BIEL has compiled with all Iinancial conditions for obtaining BWA Services License successfully which allows BIEL to provide BWA Services in 2.5-‐2.6 MHz spectrum brand.

LTE : Long Term Evolution, The Basics

IMT - Advance

4G

CDMA2000 Evolution

2001-2005 2006

HSDPA Phase I 1.8M/3.6Mbps

HSDPA Phase II 7.2/14.4Mbps HSUPA 2M/5.76Mbps

LTE DL:100Mbps UL:50Mbps

GSM/GPRS EDGE 171/384kbps

WCDMA R99/R4 384kbps

WCDMA Evolution

2007 2008 2009

HSPA+ DL >40Mbps UL >10Mbps

1xEV-DO Rev. 0 DL: 2.4Mbps UL:153.6kbps

DO Rev. B (MC DO) DL：46.5Mbps UL: 27Mbps

1xEV-D0 Rev. A DL: 3.1Mbps UL: 1.8Mbps

CDMA 1X 153kbps

2010 2011

IEEE802.16e 70Mbps

IEEE802.16m DL:100Mbps UL: 50Mbps

WiMAX Evolution

IEEE802.16d 20Mbps

Broadband Trend in Wireless Technology

4G LTE The De6inition

LTE, an acronym for Long-‐Term Evolution, commonly marketed as 4G LTE, is a standard for wireless communication of high-‐speed data for mobile phones & data terminals. It is based on the GSM/EDGE and UMTS/HSPA network technologies, increasing the capacity and speed using a different radio interface together with core network improvements.

Adoption of LTE technology as of February 15, 2014. Countries and regions with commercial LTE service Countries and regions with commercial LTE network deployment on-‐going or planned Countries and regions with LTE trial systems (pre-‐commitment)

4G LTE ARCHITECTURE EPS Network Elements

4G LTE ARCHITECTURE EPS Node Functionality

An IP packet for a UE is encapsulated in an EPC-‐speci6ic protocol and tunneled between the P-‐GW and eNodeB for transmission to the UE. Different tunneling protocols are used across different interfaces. A 3GPP-‐speci6ic tunneling protocol called the GPRS Tunneling Protocol (GTP) is used over the CN interfaces, S1 & S5/S8. The E-‐UTRAN user plane protocol stack is shown as blue in above 6igure, consisting of the Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP), Radio Link Control (RLC) and Medium Access Control (MAC) sub layers that are terminated in the eNodeB on the network side.

4G LTE PROTOCOL ARCHITECTURE User plane protocol stack

The protocol stack for the control plane between the UE and MME is shown in above Figure. The blue region of the stack indicates the AS protocols. The lower layers perform the same functions as for the user plane with the exception that there is no header compression function for the control plane. The Radio Resource Control (RRC) protocol is known as “layer 3” in the AS protocol stack. It is the main controlling function in the AS, being responsible for establishing the radio bearers and con6iguring all the lower layers using RRC signaling between the eNodeB and the UE.

4G LTE PROTOCOL ARCHITECTURE Control plane protocol stack

There are two major differences between TD-‐LTE and LTE FDD: how data is uploaded and downloaded, and what frequency spectra the networks are deployed in. While LTE FDD uses paired frequencies to upload and download data, TD-‐LTE uses a single frequency, alternating between uploading and downloading data through time. The ratio between uploads & downloads on a TD-‐LTE network can be changed dynamically, depending on whether more data needs to be sent or received.

TD-‐LTE and LTE FDD also operate on different frequency bands, with TD-‐LTE working better at higher frequencies, and LTE FDD working better at lower frequencies. Frequencies used for TD-‐LTE range from 1850 MHz to 3800 MHz, with several different bands being used. The TD-‐LTE spectrum is generally cheaper to access, and has less traf6ic. Further, the bands for TD-‐LTE overlap with those used for WiMAX, which can easily be upgraded to support TD-‐LTE. FDD is still leading the game, however. Most commercial LTE networks are based on FDD because the FDD ecosystem is more mature and is still where most of the spectrum allocation is done. All major operators around the world are already acquiring wide bands of FDD spectrum for their 4G LTE networks, which is well suited for voice because it is inherently symmetric in the UL and DL. In addition, FDD can provide better coverage of a larger area due to the 6ixed DL/UL on different frequencies.

4G LTE PROTOCOL ARCHITECTURE LTE-‐FDD vs LTE-‐TDD

4G LTE Deployment : Challenges

Problem

4G LTE DEPLOYMENT : CHALLENGES WiMAX to LTE Migration

Mitigation

Hot Swap Easy Migration Mode No Regulatory Issue

Existing Customer New Rollout

CAPEX

Dual Mode Minimum CAPEX No Regulatory Issue

Capacity Reduce Complex Network

Coexistence Smooth Migration No Customer Trouble

Regulatory Issue OPEX

4G LTE DEPLOYMENT : CHALLENGES WiMAX to LTE Migration

WiMAX 4G LTE

WiMAX

4G LTE WiMAX 4G LTE

WiMAX 4G LTE WiMAX

Problem

4G LTE DEPLOYMENT : CHALLENGES Coding scheme & bitrate

Mitigation

Problem

4G LTE DEPLOYMENT : CHALLENGES QoS

Mitigation

Problem

4G LTE DEPLOYMENT : CHALLENGES CPE Price

Mitigation

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Price in USD

Wimax LTE

Use of SIM

FDD-‐LTE

2.6 GHz

Economies of Scale

4G LTE Deployment : Testing

4G LTE Test Methodologies Ø  Protocol and Functional testing Ø  Load and Stress testing Ø  Result Checklist

4G LTE Test Methodologies End-‐to-‐end LTE Test Topology

4G LTE Test Methodologies Protocol and Functional testing

Protocol and functional testing involves verifying the operation of elementary procedures de6ined in the 3GPP speci6ications, possibly for each protocol layer individually, or the complete protocol stack as a whole. For example, we wanted to test the “Attach” procedure by itself, using one User Equipment (UE), or test the Tracking Area Update (TAU) procedure. Each and every step of the procedure analyzed for correctness in terms of the signaling 6low and content of each of the message Information Elements (IEs). Where the attach procedure fails, additional paths were considered. Here, we conducted “negative testing” in which conditions are generated in order to trigger different types of reactions. The failure response is usually a rejected procedure with an appropriate failure code. Examples are attach attempts with missing IEs, or in the improper sequence. We executed Protocol and functional tests during the network design and early QA phases of LTE deployment.

4G LTE Test Methodologies Load and Stress testing Stress testing involves simulating large amounts of traf6ic in order to measure performance, capacity, and key performance indicators (KPI) for quality of service (QoS) under load conditions. Its objective was to stress the Test User Equipment (UE) for both performance and capacity. Stress dimensions are varied including: • User plane traf6ic • Control plane traf6ic The use of control and user plane traf6ic, or a combination of both, depends on the UE. An MME or Home Subscriber Server (HSS) demands a control plane load, while the serving gateway (SGW) and packet data network gateway (PGW) require a user plane load. However, since the SGW and PGW are responsible for both user and control plane traf6ic, we used a mix of both in order to execute a realistic test.

4G LTE Test Methodologies Load and Stress testing

Control Plane Events The events, performed by a subscriber, that generate control plane signaling. The most signi6icant control plane events include: • Attach • Authentication • Session establishment • Dedicated bearer establishment and deletion • Tracking Area Update (TAU) • Service request • Handover • Detach

User Plane TrafIic These events determine which type of user plane traf6ic will 6low through the network under test. The most common types of user plane traf6ic are: • http: to simulate web browsing, Facebook, etc • ftp: for 6ile transfers • OTT video: to simulate OTT services like YouTube • On demand video • Conversational video • DNS • Email: IMAP, POP3 and SMTP • Instant messaging

4G LTE Test Methodologies Result Checklist q  Application QoS

• Download times • Dedicated bearer vs best effort traf6ic • GBR vs non-‐GBR traf6ic

q  Control plane latencies • Attach • Session establishment • Handover • Dedicated bearer establishment

q  Packet forwarding performance • Latencies • TCP connection resets • TCP retries and retransmissions • Lost packets

q  Throughput q  Capacity

• Amount of active UEs • Amount of active bearers

q  Policy • Application of rules

q  DNS • Query rates • Query failures

q  Service availability q  Errors

• Handover failures • Session establishment failures • Dedicated bearer establishment failures • Policy installation failures

4G LTE : Achievements

4G LTE : ACHIEVEMENTS More Devices

4G LTE : ACHIEVEMENTS More Speed

4G LTE : ACHIEVEMENTS More Throughput

4G LTE : ACHIEVEMENTS More Coverage

600k 60k 50k 30k 30k 80k 150k

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