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02/10/20 Latin American Politics | University of Glasgow Latin American Politics View Online 247 items Internet Resources (7 items) There are a number of good sites containing information on Latin America. Here are examples of some of them: Statistics and newsletters can be accessed via: Latin American Network Information Center - LANIC Website For working papers, look at: World Bank Group Website Inter-American Development Bank Webpage Pan American Health Organization Webpage United Nations Development Programme Website Reading list (5 items) There is no set text for this course. Instead, each week a variety of mandatory readings are prescribed, which are listed in a separate section below. Students are encouraged, though, to buy one of the following general texts to familiarise themselves with major themes and debates in the course. Latin America: its problems and its promise : a multidisciplinary introduction - 2011 Book | Good interdisciplinary overview, with useful individual case studies of countries. Comparative politics of Latin America: democracy at last? - Daniel Hellinger, 2015 Book | Good basic introduction: nicely structured and goes very well with course. First edition (2011) is also available. 1/23

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Page 1: Latin American Politics View Online · 12/14/19 Latin American Politics | University of Glasgow Latin American Politics View Online 247 items Internet Resources (7 items) There are

02/10/20 Latin American Politics | University of Glasgow

Latin American Politics View Online

247 items

Internet Resources (7 items)There are a number of good sites containing information on Latin America. Here areexamples of some of them:

Statistics and newsletters can be accessed via:

Latin American Network Information Center - LANICWebsite

For working papers, look at:

World Bank GroupWebsite

Inter-American Development BankWebpage

Pan American Health OrganizationWebpage

United Nations Development ProgrammeWebsite

Reading list (5 items)

There is no set text for this course. Instead, each week a variety of mandatoryreadings are prescribed, which are listed in a separate section below. Students areencouraged, though, to buy one of the following general texts to familiarise themselveswith major themes and debates in the course.

Latin America: its problems and its promise : a multidisciplinary introduction - 2011Book | Good interdisciplinary overview, with useful individual case studies of countries.

Comparative politics of Latin America: democracy at last? - Daniel Hellinger, 2015Book | Good basic introduction: nicely structured and goes very well with course. First

edition (2011) is also available.

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Modern Latin America - Thomas E. Skidmore, Peter H. Smith, James Naylor Green, 2014Book | Essential | Classic text that offers some good country and region overviews.

Useful companion website, free to access:https://library.brown.edu/create/modernlatinamerica/

Democracy in Latin America: political change in comparative perspective - Peter H. Smith,Cameron J. Sells, 2017

Book | This is more thematic and addresses political institutions.

Latin American Public Opinion Project, Vanderbilt UniversityWebpage | For useful public opinion data.

Weeks 1 & 2. Introduction to Latin America in comparative perspective(2 weeks) (13 items)

These introductory weeks will introduce major themes and methodology to beaddressed throughout the course in a longer lecture. A brief overview of the politicalhistory of Latin America will be offered and some discussion of comparative politics in theregion. We will look at key forces in the development of Latin American history, includingrelations with the US. Students should prepare by reading around one country in theregion and the mandatory reading.

Must read: (4 items)

Open veins of Latin America: five centuries of the pillage of a continent - Eduardo Galeano,Cedric Belfrage, Isabel Allende, 1997

Book | Essential

The Regime Question: Theory Building in Democracy Studies - Gerardo L. Munck, 2001Article | Essential

Issues and methods in comparative politics: an introduction - Todd Landman, 2008Book | Essential | For reading on comparative politics methodology (especially section

on case studies)

In addition to this, read around one country for presentation in week 2. Presentationgroups will be allotted at the first meeting. Black (2011) and/or Skidmore & Smith (2013)may be a good starting point for reading on your case study.

Additional Reading (9 items)

Latin America: its problems and its promise : a multidisciplinary introduction - 2011Book

Democracy in developing countries: Latin America - Larry Jay Diamond, c1999Book | Further

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Introduction to Latin America: twenty-first century challenges - Peadar Kirby, 2003Book | Further | Esp introduction.

Contemporary Latin America - Ronaldo Munck, 2008Book | Further

Passion, craft, and method in comparative politics - Gerardo L. Munck, Richard Snyder,2007

Book | Interesting collection of essays for general reading on comparative politics as afield.

Modern Latin America - Thomas E. Skidmore, Peter H. Smith, 2001Book | Further | Esp. introduction.

Democracy in Latin America: political change in comparative perspective - Peter H. Smith,Cameron J. Sells, 2017

Book

Politics of Latin America: the power game - Harry E. Vanden, Gary Prevost, 2002Book | Further

Latin American politics and development - 2017Book | Essential

Week 3. Authoritarianism: Civil – military relations in comparativeperspective (28 items)

The military has played a pivotal role in the politics of many Latin Americancountries, whether in the form of junta governments or providing support to personaliseddictators. This lecture offers a broad overview of the factors that facilitated the militaryregimes that characterised the region until the late-1970s/early-1980s, before discussinghow the role of the military has changed following political transition. This provides animportant historical backdrop to the region, most especially the form and tone oftransitions to democracy.

The session will focus on the Southern Cone countries of Argentina, Brazil, Chile andUruguay. In addition to the essential reading, you should choose two of these countriesand read around the role of the military in each one.

Question for discussion: What were the causes of democratic breakdown? In what wayshas the role of the military evolved following political transitions?

Must read: (5 items)

Legitimacy, Institutionalization, and Opposition in Exclusionary Bureaucratic-AuthoritarianRegimes: The Situation of the 1980s - Edward C. Epstein, 1984

Article | Essential

Democracy in Latin America: political change in comparative perspective - Peter H. Smith,

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Cameron J. Sells, 2017Book | Essential | See: Part 1: Historical Perspectives esp. ‘The military: heading for the

exits’

OR

Comparative politics of Latin America: democracy at last? - Daniel Hellinger, 2015Book | Essential | See: Chapter 7, ‘Democratic Breakdown and Military Rule’

Latin American Political Armies in the Twenty-First Century - Kees Koonings and Dirk Kruijt,2003

Article | Essential

Additional Reading (22 items)

Chile's coup: the perspective of forty years | openDemocracy - Alan Angell, 2013Article

Generals in retreat: the crisis of military rule in Latin America - Philip J. O'Brien, Paul A.Cammack, International Congress of Americanists, 1985

Book | See: Cammack, P.,The political economy of military regimes in Latin America:from BA to restructuring.

Democracy from Above: The Political Origins of Military Dictatorship in Brazil - YoussefCohen, 1987

Article

The new authoritarianism in Latin America - Joint Committee on Latin American Studies,c1979

Book

Latin American society - Tessa Cubitt, 1995Book

Politicians in Uniform: Dilemmas about the Latin American Military - Dirk Kruijt, 1996Article

The failure of presidential democracy - Juan J. Linz, Arturo Valenzuela, c1994Book

For la Patria: politics and the armed forces in Latin America - Brian Loveman, c1999Book | Essential

Predatory states: Operation Condor and covert war in Latin America - J. Patrice McSherry,2005

Book

When states kill: Latin America, the U.S., and technologies of terror - Cecilia Menjívar,Néstor Rodriguez, 2005

Book

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Reflections on the Patterns of Change in the Bureaucratic-Authoritarian State - GuillermoO'Donnell, 1978

Article | Essential

Authoritarianism in Latin America since independence - Will Fowler, 1996Book | See: Tensions in the BA state and the question of democracy

Civil-military relations in Latin America: new analytical perspectives - David Pion-Berlin,c2001

Book

The military and the state in Latin America - Alain Rouquié, c1987Book

Review: Changing Civil-Military Relations in Latin America - Review by: J. Mark Ruhl, 1998

Article

The military in Central America: the challenge of transition - Rachel Sieder, JamesDunkerley, c1994

Book

The soldier and the state in South America: essays in civil-military relations - Patricio Silva,2001

Book

Talons of the eagle: dynamics of U.S.-Latin American relations - Peter H. Smith, 1996Book

Rethinking military politics: Brazil and the Southern Cone - Alfred C. Stepan, c1988Book

Democracy in developing countries: Latin America - Larry Jay Diamond, c1999Book | See: Valenzuela A., Chile: Origins, Consolidation, and Breakdown of a Democratic

Regime.

Latin American politics and development - 2014Book | See: Valenzuela A. and Valenzuela J.S., Chile and the Breakdown of Democracy.

New military politics in Latin America - Robert Wesson, 1982Book

Week 4. Democratisation and transition (35 items)

Latin America began a period of political transition in the late 1970s, often referredto as the ‘third wave’ of democratisation (echoing Huntington). Here we examine differentpaths of political transition, including discussion of the main causal factors. The seminarwill also address different conceptualisations of democracy, as we question how

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‘democratisation’ in Latin America should be understood.

Questions for discussion: To what extent are Latin American countries democracies? Whatmodels of democracy are useful when analysing different Latin American countries? Whencomparing political transitions, on what basis should we select case studies?

Must Read (4 items)

Fault lines of democracy in post-transition Latin America - Felipe Agüero, Jeffrey Stark,c1998

Book | Essential | See: Agüero, F., Conflicting Assessments of Democratization:exploring the faultlines.

The End of the Transition Paradigm - Thomas Carothers, 2002Article | Essential

Democracy with Adjectives: Conceptual Innovation in Comparative Research - David Collierand Steven Levitsky, 1997

Article | Essential

Reflections on Contemporary South American Democracies - Guillermo O'Donnell, 2001-8Article | Essential

Additional Reading (30 items)

Developments in Latin American political economy: states, markets and actors - JuliaBuxton, Nicola Phillips, 1999

Book

Beyond Transitions to Democracy in Latin America - Marcelo Cavarozzi, 1992-10Article

Thinking About Hybrid Regimes - Larry Jay Diamond, 2002Article | Addresses wider theoretical debates around democratisation

Democracy in developing countries: Latin America - Larry Jay Diamond, c1999Book | See: Chp 1.

Democratization and the Institutionalization of Latin American Political Parties -1992-01-01

Article

Governing Latin America - Joe Foweraker, Todd Landman, Neil Harvey, 2003Book

The third wave of democratization in Latin America: advances and setbacks - FrancesHagopian, Scott Mainwaring, MyiLibrary, 2005

Book

Poverty and Inequality in Chile: Are Democratic Politics and Neoliberal Economics Good for

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You? - Hojman, David E., 1996Article

Will More Countries Become Democratic? - Samuel P. Huntington, 1984Article

Dilemmas of Democratization in Latin America - Terry Lynn Karl, 1990Article | Essential

Economic Development and Democracy: the View from Latin America - Todd Landman,1999-09

Article

Presidentialism and democracy in Latin America - Scott Mainwaring, Matthew SobergShugart, 1997

Book

Deepening democracy in Latin America - Kurt von Mettenheim, James M. Malloy, c1998Book

DEMOCRATIC POLITICS IN LATIN AMERICA: New Debates and Research Frontiers - GerardoL. Munck, 2004-05-17

Article

Delegative Democracy? - Guillermo O'DonnellDocument

The quality of democracy: theory and applications - Guillermo A. O'Donnell, Jorge VargasCullel, Osvaldo Miguel Iazzetta, Helen Kellogg Institute for International Studies, 2004

Book

Transitions from authoritarian rule - Guillermo A. O'Donnell, Philippe C. Schmitter,Laurence Whitehead, 1986

Book

Beyond 'Delegative Democracy': 'Old Politics' and 'New Economics' in Latin America -Francisco Panizza, 2000

Article

Democracy in Latin America: surviving conflict and crisis? - George D. E. Philip, 2003Book

The Aylwin Government and 'Tutelary' Democracy: A Concept in Search of a Case? - RhodaRabkin, 1993

Article

The judicialization of politics in Latin America - Rachel Sieder, Line Schjolden, Alan Angell,2005

Book

Latin America transformed: globalization and modernity - Robert N. Gwynne, Cristóbal Kay,2004

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Book | See: Silva P.,The new political order in Latin America: towards technocraticdemocracies? and Silva E., Authoritarianism, democracy and development.

Latin America transformed: globalization and modernity - Robert N. Gwynne, Cristóbal Kay,2004

Book | See: Authoritarianism, democracy and development

Special Section: Democracy in Latin AmericaArticle

Constructing democracy: human rights, citizenship, and society in Latin America -Elizabeth Jelin, Eric Hershberg, 1996

Book | See: Wanderley Reis, F., The State, the Market and Democratic Citizenship.

The Alternatives to 'Liberal Democracy': a Latin American Perspective - LaurenceWhitehead, 1992-08

Article

Prospects for democracy - David Held, 1993Book

Introduction: Some insights from Western social theory - Laurence Whitehead, 1993-8Article

Why is Liberal Peacebuilding so Difficult? Some Lessons from Central America - SabineKurtenbach, 2010

Article | For an overview of Central American transitions (post war settlements)

The State of Democracy in Latin AmericaDocument | See: For UNDP/University of Vanderbilt study on citizens’ attitudes towards

democracy

Week 5. Neoliberalism and Globalisation: the ‘motors’ ofdemocratisation in Latin America? (20 items)

Neoliberalism and globalisation have become common frames for understandingand critiquing development in Latin America over the last twenty years, replacing thehistoric framework of dependency. Neoliberal reforms have redefined how people relate toeach other, vital resources, and the state. New technologies have enabled largecorporations to reorganise production globally. New international divisions of labour havedeveloped with core workers and peripheral ‘flexible’ workforces. In this seminar, wediscuss the drivers of globalisation and neoliberalism in Latin America, and their social,political and economic effects. We consider how these phenomena have shapeddemocracy across the region.

Question for discussion: Have neoliberalism and globalization undermined the democraticproject in Latin America?

Must read: (4 items)

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Latin America after the Third Wave ? By Jean Grugel - Jean Grugel, 2007-03Article | Essential

Views from the periphery: Futures of neoliberalism in Latin America - Robert N Gwynne,Cristobal Kay, 2000-02

Article | Essential

Neoliberalism as Creative Destruction - David Harvey, 2007Article | Essential

Neoliberalism and Democracy in Latin America: A Mixed Record - Kurt Weyland, 2004Article | Essential

Additional Reading (15 items)

Making Economic and Social Rights Count: A Strategy for the Future - Philip Alston,1997-03

Article

Unsettling statecraft: democracy and neoliberalism in the central Andes - Catherine M.Conaghan, James M. Malloy, c1994

Book

Democratic governance in Latin America - Scott Mainwaring, Timothy Scully, 2009Book | See: Cardoso, Fernando E., ‘Structural Reform and Governability: the Brazilian

Experience in the 1990s’, pp. 338-364 - first-hand account from the former-BrazilianPresident.

A century of violence in a red city: popular struggle, counterinsurgency, and human rightsin Colombia - Lesley Gill, 2016

Book

Teetering on the rim: global restructuring, daily life, and the armed retreat of the Bolivianstate - Lesley Gill, c2000

Book

Silent revolution: the rise and crisis of market economics in Latin America - Duncan Green,c2003

Book

Latin America transformed: globalization and modernity - Robert N. Gwynne, Cristóbal Kay,2004

Book | See: ch1 and 4

Beyond 'Delegative Democracy': 'Old Politics' and 'New Economics' in Latin America -Francisco Panizza, 2000

Article

Contemporary Latin America: development and democracy beyond the Washingtonconsensus - Francisco Panizza, Dawson Books, 2009

Book | Very useful overview of ‘new’ left and post-Washington consensus.

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Challenging Citizenship, Neo-liberalism and Democracy: Indigenous Movements and theState in Latin America - Rachel Sieder, 2005-12

Article

Neoliberalism and class conflict in Latin America: a comparative perspective on thepolitical economy of structural adjustment - Henry Veltmeyer, James F. Petras, Steve Vieux, 1997

Book

What kind of democracy? What kind of market?: Latin America in the age of neoliberalism -Philip Oxhorn, Graciela Ducatenzeiler, c1998

Book | See: Waisman, C., State capacity and the conflicting logics of economic andpolitical change.

Latin American Perspectives - Richard L. Harris, November 2002Journal

Latin America and global capitalism: a critical globalization perspective - William I.Robinson, 2008

Book

Poverty Reduction and Growth : Virtuous and Vicious Circles - 2006Document

Week 6. Democratising Protest in Latin America (30 items)

Social and popular movements have played an important role in Latin Americanpolitics. From the 1960s and during the period of brutal authoritarianism, movementsemerged to challenge political structures, protest against various aspects of governmentpolicy and make demands for welfare improvements. These ranged from armed guerrillagroups to rights-based (political and socio-economic) movements. Women wereparticularly important actors in many of these movements, redefining the parameters ofpolitical action. Following democratisation, many assumed that state-society relationswould ‘normalise’, opening space for the emergence of a vibrant civil society as anessential component of a functioning democracy. Popular mobilisation has increased inthe past 20 years, with traditional social movements, such as trade unions and ruralsectors, pressuring for political change alongside indigenous, environmental, feminist andLGBT movements.This session will offer a broad overview of the role of social and popular movements in thepolitics of the region, considering their influence on political transitions and contemporarypolitics.

Questions for discussion: To what extent are strong social movements important to thefunction of democracy? In what ways might they be considered a threat to democracy?

Must read (4 items)

Social movements: revolution, reform and reaction - Judith Adler HellmanArticle | Essential

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Handbook of social movements across Latin America - SpringerLink (Online service), 2015Book | Essential | See: ‘“There and Back Again”: Latin American Social Movements and

Reasserting the Powers of Structural Theories’

Handbook of social movements across Latin America - SpringerLink (Online service), 2015Book | Essential | See: State Repression and Mobilization in Latin America’,

Resisting Neoliberal Homogenization: The Zapatista Autonomy Movement - RichardStahler-Sholk, 2007

Article

Additional Reading (25 items)

Handbook of social movements across Latin America - SpringerLink (Online service), 2015Book | See: especially introduction

Cultures of politics politics of cultures: re-visioning Latin American social movements -Sonia E. Alvarez, Evelina Dagnino, Arturo Escobar, 1998

Book

The problem of democracy in Cuba: between vision and reality - Carollee Bengelsdorf,1994

Book

Central America, civil society and the ‘pink tide’: democratization or de-democratization? -Barry Cannon, Mo Hume, 2012-12

Article | Essential

Civil society and the state in left-led Latin America: challenges and limitations todemocratization - Barry Cannon, Peadar Kirby, c2012

Book

Revolution and revolutionaries: guerrilla movements in Latin America - Daniel Castro, 1999Book

Gender and the politics of rights and democracy in Latin America - Nikki Craske, MaxineMolyneux, 2002

Book

Social Movements in Chile: Organization, Trajectories, and Political Consequences -SpringerLink (Online service), 2017

Book

Power in the Isthmus: a political history of modern Central America - James Dunkerley,American Council of Learned Societies, 1988

Book

Civil society and democracy in Latin America - 2006Book

The Paradox of Civil Society - Michael W. Foley, Bob Edwards, 1996

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Article

Theorizing social movements - Joe Foweraker, 1995Book

Grassroots Movements and Political Activism in Latin America: A Critical Comparison ofChile and Brazil - Joe Foweraker, 2001

Article

Citizenship rights and social movements: a comparative and statistical analysis - JoeFoweraker, Todd Landman, Oxford University Press, 1997

Book

How does civil society thicken? the political construction of social capital in rural Mexico -Jonathan Fox, 1996-6

Article

The making of social movements in Latin America: identity, strategy, and democracy -Sonia E. Alvarez, Arturo Escobar, 1992

Book

Handbook of social movements across Latin America - SpringerLink (Online service), 2015Book | See: Liberation Theory and Social Movements

The politics of convergence in Bolivia: social movements and the state - Ben M. McKay,2017-12-04

Article

Transforming Rights into Social Practices? The Landless Movement and Land Reform inBrazil - Zander Navarro, 2005-01

Article

NACLA Special issue on Social Movements - 2005Journal

Women's movements in international perspective: Latin America and beyond - MaxineMolyneux, University of London. Institute of Latin American Studies, 2003

Book

Globalising the Zapatistas: From Third World Solidarity to Global Solidarity? - ThomasOlesen, 2004

Article

Organizing civil society: the popular sectors and the struggle for democracy in Chile -Philip Oxhorn, c1995

Book | See: New Social Movements and the Question of Autonomy

Guerrillas and revolution in Latin America: a comparative study of insurgents and regimessince 1956 - Timothy P. Wickham-Crowley, c1992

Book

Special issue of Latin American Perspectives

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Journal

Week 7. Violent Democracies? (34 items)

Contemporary portrayals of Latin America in the media and popular culturefrequently centre on drugs, gangs and violence. In this session, we examine themulti-faceted issue of violence across the region, and consider its implications fordemocracy, the rule of law and citizenship. With a particular focus on drug-relatedviolence, the session addresses the role of crime, fear and violence in shaping citizens’experience of democratisation. Such factors are viewed as limiting the quality ofdemocracy and threatening its sustainability. We consider how post-Third Wave domesticand international political developments have changed the use of violence by both stateand non-state actors in the region.

Question for discussion: In which ways does violence have an impact on democraticdevelopment?

Must Read (4 items)

Violent democracies in Latin America - Ebooks Corporation Limited, 2010Book | Essential | See: Violent Pluralism: Understanding the New Democracies of Latin

America

Violence, coercion, and state-making in twentieth-century Mexico: the other half of thecentaur - 2012

Book | Essential | See: New Violence, Insecurity, and the State: Comparative Reflectionson Latin America and Mexico

Low Intensity Democracies: Latin America in the Post-Dictatorial Era - Dirk Kruijt, 2001Article | Essential

Perverse state formation and securitized democracy in Latin America - Jenny Pearce,2010-04

Article | Essential

Additional Reading (29 items)

Reconstructing criminality in Latin America - Carlos Aguirre, Robert Buffington, c2000Book

Drugs & democracy in Rio de Janeiro: trafficking, social networks, & public security -Enrique Desmond Arias, c2006

Book

Violent democracies in Latin America - Ebooks Corporation Limited, 2010Book

Prevention or repression? The false dilemma of citizen security - Irma Arriagada, LorenaGodoy, April 2000

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Document

The Crazy Place - Charles Bowden, 2009Article

The evolution of drug trafficking and organized crime in latin americaArticle

International security and democracy: Latin America and the Caribbean in the post-ColdWar era - Jorge I. Domínguez, c1998

Book

To Kill and Tell? State Power, Criminal Competition, and Drug Violence - AngelicaDuran-Martinez, 2015-12

Article

The politics of drug violence: criminals, cops and politicians in Colombia and Mexico -Angélica Durán-Martínez, 2018

Book

Crime and violence in Latin America: citizen security, democracy, and the state - HugoFrühling, Joseph S. Tulchin, Heather A. Golding, c2003

Book

Theorising state–narco relations in Bolivia’s nascent democracy (1982–1993): governance,order and political transition - Allan Gillies, 2017-09-25

Article

Constructing the Limits of State Violence in Central America: Towards a New ResearchAgenda - Robert H. Holden, 1996-5

Article

Whose peace?: Critical perspectives on the political economy of peacebuilding - Michael C.Pugh, Neil Cooper, Mandy Turner, Dawson Books, 2008

Book | See: El Salvador: the limits of a violent peace

The politics of violence: gender, conflict and community in El Salvador - Mo Hume, Societyfor Latin American Studies (Great Britain), 2009

Book

Gangs, Urban Violence, and Security Interventions in Central America - O. Jutersonke, R.Muggah, D. Rodgers, 2009-08-01

Article

Armed actors: organized violence and state failure in Latin America - Kees Koonings, DirkKruijt, 2004

Book

Societies of fear: the legacy of civil war, violence and terror in Latin America - KeesKoonings, Dirk Kruijt, 1999

Book | See especially: Introduction and Pecuat's chapter on Colombia.

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Citizenship or Repression? Coca, Eradication and Development in the Andes - ThomasGrisaffi

Article

More terrible than death: massacres, drugs, and America's war in Colombia - Robin Kirk,2004

Book

Violence, coercion, and state-making in twentieth-century Mexico: the other half of thecentaur - 2012

Book | See: Narco-Violence and the State in Modern Mexico

Encounters with violence in Latin America: urban poor perceptions from Columbia andGuatemala - Caroline O. N. Moser, Cathy McIlwaine, c2004

Book

From Civil War to 'Civil Society': Has the End of the Cold War Brought Peace to CentralAmerica? - Jenny Pearce, 1998

Article

Slum Wars of the 21st Century: Gangs, Mano Dura and the New Urban Geography ofConflict in Central America - Dennis Rodgers, 2009-09

Article | Essential

Citizens of fear: urban violence in Latin America - Susana Rotker, Katherine Goldman, 2002Book

Lynchings and the Democratization of Terror in Postwar Guatemala: Implications forHuman Rights - Angelina Snodgrass Godoy, 2002

Article | Essential

Does illegality breed violence? Drug trafficking and state-sponsored protection rackets -Richard Snyder, Angelica Duran-Martinez, 2009-9

Article

Illegal drugs, economy and society in the Andes - Francisco E. Thoumi, 2003Book

Bulletin of Latin American ResearchArticle | Special issue on low intensity democracies.

Special Issue of Latin America PerspectivesJournal

Week 8. Human Rights, the (Un)Rule of law and impunity in LatinAmerica (21 items)

The struggle for human rights has been at the heart of politics in Latin America. During the authoritarian period, opponents of brutal regimes throughout the region argued

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for recognition of human rights. As these regimes fell, Latin America became a key arenaof for debates around transitional justice; specifically, how should societies deal with thoseresponsible for historic human right abuses? In this session, we look at how post-transitionstates in the region have responded to these issues. We discuss how weak politicalinstitutions continue to foster impunity and undermine the rule of law, and consider theimplications of this to democratic governance in the region. As part of this, we examinehow these dynamics relate to present-day abuses carried out by security forces andpersecution of particular social groups.

Question for discussion: To what extent has the Human Rights question been addressed inLatin America?

Must Read (3 items)

Beyond Transitional Justice: Exploring Continuities in Human Rights Abuses in Argentinabetween 1976 and 2010 - F. Lessa, 2011-03-01

Article | Essential

Political StudiesJournal | Essential | See: Especially Francisco Panizza: Human Rights in the Processes of

Transition and Consolidation of Democracy in Latin America (pages 168–188)

Please also bring to class for discussion a short article on one human rights case in theregion. This can be current or an historic case.

Additional Reading (17 items)

Developments in Latin American political economy: states, markets and actors - JuliaBuxton, Nicola Phillips, 1999

Book | See: Barahona de Brito A., The human rights movement and democratisation.

Human rights and democratization in Latin America: Uruguay and Chile - AlexandraBarahona de Brito, Oxford University Press, 1997

Book

The politics of human rights in Argentina: protest, change, and democratization - AlisonBrysk, 1994

Book

The Quest for Justice in Latin America - Review by: Rebecca Bill Chávez, 2010

Article | Review article useful for looking at relatively recent debates.

The struggle for human rights in Latin America - Edward L. Cleary, 1997Book

Post-transitional justice: human rights trials in Chile and El Salvador - Cath Collins, c2010Book

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Human Rights Trials in Chile during and after the 'Pinochet Years' - C. Collins, 2010-03-01Article

Constructing democracy: human rights, citizenship, and society in Latin America -Elizabeth Jelin, Eric Hershberg, 1996

Book | See: Intro and Conclusions

The Role of Truth Commissions in the Search for Justice, Reconciliation andDemocratisation: The Salvadorean and Honduran Cases - Mike Kaye, 1997

Article

International Human Rights Law and Practice in Latin America - Ellen L. Lutz and KathrynSikkink, 2000

Article

(Un)civil societies: human rights and democratic transitions in Eastern Europe and LatinAmerica - Rachel A. May, Andrew K. Milton, c2005

Book

The (un)rule of law and the underprivileged in Latin America - Juan E. Méndez, Guillermo A.O'Donnell, PauloSergio de M. S. Pinheiro, c1999

Book

The legacy of human-rights violations in the Southern Cone: Argentina, Chile, and Uruguay- Luis Roniger, Mario Sznajder, 2003

Book

Impunity in Latin America - Rachel Sieder, University of London, c1995Book

Human rights, principled issue-networks, and sovereignty in Latin America - KathrynSikkink, 1993-6

Article

Indigenous organizations: rising actors in Latin America - Rodolfo Stavenhagen, August1997

Article

For more recent commentaries on human rights in the Americas, you should look atHuman Rights Watch, Inter-American Court of Human Rights and Amnesty International.

Week 9. Reading Week

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Week 10. The US Role in Latin America’s Political Development (29 items)In this session, we consider the changing role of the US in Latin America. From the 1823Monroe Doctrine onward, the US has sought to extend its influence in Latin America; oftenwith mixed results for societies in the South. During the Cold War, for example, the regionbecame a site of geopolitical contestation, as the US backed right-wing militaryauthoritarian regimes in an attempt to stymie perceived communist influence in theWestern Hemisphere. With the fall of the Berlin Wall, the US turned its attention towardsthe promotion of free-market, liberal democracies in Latin America, while also advancingits militarised drug war to the Andes and Mexico. US-advocated neoliberalism, though, hasbeen criticised for weakening democracy and deepening inequality across the region. The‘war on drugs’, meanwhile, has caused increased human rights abuses and heighteneddrug-violence. More recently, Latin America has slipped down the foreign policy agenda ofthe US, with a more assertive regional voice emerging on a range of international issues. With the rise of Trumpism, though, the future of US relations with its southern neighboursremains once more uncertain.

The session will provide a broad overview of US influence in Latin America, examining itsimplications for the region. We will discuss how the US has shaped the region’s politicaldevelopment, with a particular focus on democratisation and the ‘war on drugs’.

 

 

Question for discussion: In what ways has the US both promoted and impeded democracyin Latin America? To what extent should we ascribe blame for the region's historic andpresent-day problems (e.g. democratic breakdown, underdevelopment, drug-violence,etc.) to US intervention in the region?

 

Must read: (3 items)

Modern Latin America - Thomas E. Skidmore, Peter H. Smith, James Naylor Green, 2014Book | Essential | See: chapter 15, ‘Latin America in the World Arena, 1800s-1980s’

Talons of the eagle: dynamics of U.S.-Latin American relations - Peter H. Smith, 1996Book | Essential

Cocaine's Long March North, 1900-2010 - Paul Gootenberg, 2012-03Article | Essential

Additional Reading: (25 items)

Drug trafficking in the Americas - Bruce Michael Bagley, William O. Walker, University ofMiami. North-South Center, c1994

Book

The political economy of narcotics: production, consumption and global markets - JuliaBuxton, 2006

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Book

In the name of democracy: U.S. policy toward Latin America in the Reagan years - ThomasCarothers, c1991

Book

Explicit Narcotization: U.S. Policy toward Colombia during the Samper Administration -Russell Crandall, 2001

Article

The Post-American hemisphere: power and politics in an autonomous Latin America -Russell Crandall

Article

Cocaine politics: drugs, armies, and the CIA in Central America - Peter Dale Scott, JonathanMarshall, c1991

Book

Contemporary U.S.-Latin American relations: cooperation or conflict in the 21st century? -2016

Book

The United States and Latin America in the 1990s: beyond the Cold War - JonathanHartlyn, Lars Schoultz, Augusto Varas, c1992

Book

Innocent bystanders: developing countries and the war on drugs - Philip Keefer, NormanLoayza, c2010

Book | See: Drug Prohibition and Developing Countries: Uncertain Benefits, CertainCosts

Neighborly adversaries: readings in U.S.-Latin American relations - 2015Book

Drugs and Democracy: Toward a Paradigm Shift - Latin American Commission on Drugsand Democracy, 2008

Document

America's backyard: the United States and Latin America from the Monroe Doctrine to theWar on Terror - Grace Livingstone, c2009

Book

Addicted to failure: U.S. security policy in Latin America and the Andean Region - BrianLoveman, c2006

Book

Yankee no!: anti-Americanism in U.S.-Latin American relations - Alan L. McPherson, 2006Book

When states kill: Latin America, the U.S., and technologies of terror - Cecilia Menjívar,Néstor Rodriguez, 2005

Book

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US national security concerns in Latin America and the Caribbean: the concept ofungoverned spaces and failed states - Gary Prevost, Harry E. Vanden, Carlos Oliva, LuisFernando Ayerbe, 2014

Book

Will Latin America miss U.S. hegemony? - Christopher SabatiniArticle

Cooperation and hegemony in US-Latin American relations: revisiting the WesternHemisphere idea - SpringerLink (Online service), 2016

Book

Beneath the United States: a history of U.S. policy toward Latin America - Lars Schoultz,c1998

Book

Security, democracy, and development in U.S.-Latin American Relations - Lars Schoultz,William C. Smith, Augusto Varas, University of Miami. North-South Center, c1994

Book

Latin America in international politics: challenging US hegemony - Joseph S. Tulchin, 2016Book

Commentary: Obama's Latin America Policy: Continuity Without Change - Mark Weisbrot,2011

Article

Democracy and Its Discontents - Karyn Cooper, SpringerLink (Online service), 2015Book

Negotiating interference: US democracy promotion, Bolivia and the tale of a failedagreement - Jonas Wolff, 2017-04-03

Article

Drugs and democracy in Latin America: the impact of U.S. policy - Coletta Youngers, EileenRosin, c2005

Book

Week 11. Post-neoliberal Latin America? Latin America’s Pink Tide (25items)

There is a long history of leftist struggle in Latin America. The election of HugoChavez in Venezuela in 1998, though, was heralded as the beginning of a new phase forthe Left in the region. A flurry of left-leaning government soon followed: the Kirchners inArgentina, Lula/Rousseff in Brazil, Bachelet in Chile, Tabaré Vázquez in Uruguay, Ortega inNicaragua, Correa in Ecuador, and Morales in Bolivia. This has been described as a ‘pinktide’, shorthand for a much more complex set of forces. Higgenbottom (2007) argues that‘Underneath the ‘pink tide’ formula that summarises the general move to the left, thereswirl eddies and cross currents that make up a far more complicated reality than appears

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on the surface. If there is a broad pattern it is that everything is up for grabs, as the regionarguably navigates the greatest political whirlpool since independence 185 or so yearsago’. More recently, though, the region has witnessed the crisis of Chavismo in Venezuelaand swing back to the right in a range of countries. Many are questioning whether thepink-tide has now receded.

In this session, we examine the implications of the pink-tide for democratic politics in theregion and debate the extent to which post-neoliberalism notion is played out in practice.We consider the resurgence of the Right and discuss whether this signals the end of thepink-tide.

Questions for discussion: Which analysis of the left is more convincing - Robinson orCastañeda? Does "post-neoliberalism" mean "after neoliberalism"? To which extent doesthe term "post-neoliberalism" help us to understand Latin American politics in the 21stcentury? Is the 'pink-tide' over?

Must Read (4 items)

Transformative Possibilities in Latin America - W RobinsonArticle | Essential

Latin America's Left Turn - Jorge G. Castañeda, 2006Article | Essential

Post-neoliberalism in Latin America: Rebuilding and Reclaiming the State after Crisis - JeanGrugel, Pía Riggirozzi, 2012-01

Article | Essential

The right in Latin America: elite power, hegemony and the struggle for the state - BarryCannon, Ebooks Corporation Limited, 2016

Book | Essential | See: especially the Introduction

Additional Reading (20 items)

Arguments about the Left Turns in Latin America: A Post-Liberal Politics? - Benjamin Arditi,2008

Article

Venezuela's Contemporary Political Crisis in Historical Context - Julia Buxton, 2005-07Article

Central America, civil society and the ‘pink tide’: democratization or de-democratization? -Barry Cannon, Mo Hume, 2012-12

Article

Utopia unarmed: the Latin American left after the Cold War - Jorge G. Castañeda, c1993Book

The Left in Latin America: Theory and Practice - Ronald H. Chilcote, 2003

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Article

The "Radical" Thesis on Globalization and the Case of Venezuela's Hugo Chávez - SteveEllner, 2002

Article

Hugo Chávez's First Decade in Office: Breakthroughs and Shortcomings - Steve Ellner,2010

Article

The third wave of democratization in Latin America: advances and setbacks - FrancesHagopian, Scott Mainwaring, MyiLibrary, 2005

Book

Dismantling the populist state: the unfinished revolution in Latin America and theCaribbean - Shahid Javed Burki, Sebastian Edwards, World Bank, c1996

Book

Impasse in Bolivia: neoliberal hegemony and popular resistance - Benjamin H. Kohl, LindaC. Farthing, c2006

Book

Reclaiming Latin America: experiments in radical social democracy - Geraldine Lievesley,Steve Ludlam, 2009

Book | Excellent for case studies.

The resilience of the Latin American right - Juan Pablo Luna, Cristobal Rovira Kaltwasser,2014

Book

Review: Venezuela's Hugo Chavez: Savior or Threat to Democracy - Review by: Maxwell A. Cameron , Flavie Major, 2001

Article

Contemporary Latin America: development and democracy beyond the Washingtonconsensus - Francisco Panizza, Dawson Books, 2009

Book | Useful critique of Washington Consensus and overview of leftist governments.

Democracy and revolution: Latin America and socialism today - Dawn Linda Raby, 2006Book

Latin America's political economy of the possible: beyond good revolutionaries andfree-marketeers - Javier Santiso, 2007

Book

The Rise of the Right in Latin America? - 1 - YouTube

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Audio-visual document

Bulletin of Latin American ResearchArticle | Special issue: The Millions Return? Democracy in Bolivia at the Start of the

Twenty-first Century.

Latin American Perspectives - Benjamin Kohl, July 2010Journal | Special issue: Bolivia Under Morales.

Third World Quarterly. Special Issue: Latin America's Left Turns - 2009Journal

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