Latin American History

What were the Mayans best known for?

Corn, calculus Corn, calculus and pyramidsand pyramids

Where was the Mayan Empire

located?

Yucatan Yucatan Peninsula, Peninsula,

MexicoMexico

What was the Inca Empire best

known for?

Potatoes, building Potatoes, building roads and bridgesroads and bridges

Inca Rope bridges

Inca Road Map

Where was the Inca Empire

located?

Andes Mountains, South Andes Mountains, South AmericaAmerica

Inca city, Machu Pichu, in the Andes Mountains

Andes Mountains, Home of the Incas

Inca Empire

What were the Aztec

best known for?

Gold and human Gold and human sacrifice!sacrifice!

Where was the Aztec Empire

located?

Central Central MexicoMexico

Why did Columbus set sail in 1492?

He wanted to find a He wanted to find a western route to western route to

India, but he ran into India, but he ran into the Caribbean island the Caribbean island

of Cuba.of Cuba.

Columbus’ first trip

Columbus thought India was here

Cuba became a colony of which

country?

SpainSpainColumbus sailed for Spain, so he

claimed Cuba for Spain

Cuba

Spain

Who conquered the Aztec?

Hernan Cortez Hernan Cortez SpainSpain

Then, Cortez was horrified by

Aztec human sacrifice

But he really wanted the Aztec’s gold

At first, Cortez was treated like a god

Since Cortez defeated the Aztec, Cortez

claimed Mexico for which country?

SpainSpain

The Aztec Empire became part of

the Spanish Empire

Who conquered

the Inca Empire?

Francisco Francisco Pizzaro Pizzaro SpainSpainPizzaro executes an Incan

chief

Smallpox killed many Incas before Pizzaro

showed up

Pizzaro claimed most

of South America for

which Empire?

SpainSpain

Former Inca Empire now belongs to Spain

Pizzaro used the excellent Inca roads to move quickly and

defeat them

Brazil becomes the colony of

which European country?

PortugalPortugal

Brazil is claimed by Portugal

Most South American

colonies were controlled by

which country?

SpainSpainVirtually all of Latin America, Virtually all of Latin America, with the exception of Brazil, with the exception of Brazil,

was controlled by Spainwas controlled by Spain

What missionaries were sent to

Latin America?

JesuitsJesuitsCatholic missionaries, Catholic missionaries, since Spain is Catholicsince Spain is Catholic

What religion dominates

Latin America today?

Roman Roman CatholicCatholic

The Vatican, home of the Pope, Rome, Italy.

Pope John Paul II

What language dominates

Latin America?

SpanishSpanish

Since the Spanish language and the Catholic Church dominate Latin

America, what does this indicate about

Latin America’s history?

Latin America was Latin America was dominated by Spanish dominated by Spanish

culture for an extended culture for an extended period of time (cultural period of time (cultural

diffusion)diffusion)..

Catholic ReligionJesuit

missionaries

What were the effects of European

exploration?

Europeans Europeans R.A.C.E.DR.A.C.E.D. to . to conquer the conquer the

AmericasAmericas

“Conquistadors” conquered America

The “R” in R.A.C.E.D stands for

which effect on the Americas?

RR: Rigid class : Rigid class system and system and dictatorships in dictatorships in Latin America.Latin America.Spanish on topSpanish on top

MulattosMulattos--part --part Spanish, part Spanish, part Native AmericanNative American

Native Native Americans, Americans, slaves on slaves on

bottonbotton

The “A” in R.A.C.E.D stands for

which effect on the Americas?

AA: African : African slaves brought slaves brought to Americato America

African slaves were brought across on the “middle passage” The cargo hold of a

slave ship was hot, cramped, and putrid.

The “C” in R.A.C.E.D stands for

which effect on the Americas?

CC: Colonies : Colonies imitate the culture imitate the culture of parent countryof parent country

The “E” in R.A.C.E.D stands for

which effect on the Americas?

EE: : Europeans Europeans immigrate to North and immigrate to North and

South AmericaSouth America

The “D” in R.A.C.E.D stands for which effect

on the Americas?

DD: Demise of the : Demise of the Inca, Mayan, and Inca, Mayan, and Aztec EmpiresAztec Empires

Although some Native American died

from wars with Europeans, the vast majority died from diseases carried by

Europeans, like smallpox

Victims of smallpox

Name the four major European countries

that R.A.C.E.D.to conquer the Americas.

Spain: Spain: Caribbean, Latin Caribbean, Latin AmericaAmerica

Portugal: Portugal: BrazilBrazil

France: France: QuebecQuebec

England: England: eastern eastern North AmericaNorth America

What did the exchange of

products between America and

Europe become known as?

The Columbian The Columbian ExchangeExchange“It was named after

me, of course, since I started the exchange of goods between Europe and America!”

Which products went from Europe TO

AMERICA due to the Columbian

exchange?

Horses, Cattle, Horses, Cattle, and diseases and diseases like smallpox like smallpox went to Americawent to America

Animals like the horse changed

Native American lifestyles

Smallpox killed millions of Native

Americans

Which products went from America TO

EUROPE due to the Columbian

exchange?

Corn, tobacco, and Corn, tobacco, and potatoes were seen for potatoes were seen for the first time in Europethe first time in Europe

What were the effects of the

Columbian Exchange?

The Columbian The Columbian Exchange Exchange caused the caused the growth of growth of C.R.O.P.SC.R.O.P.S!!

The “C” in C.R.O.P.S stands

for which effect of the Columbian

Exchange?

CC: Cash crops : Cash crops grown in the grown in the Caribbean and in Caribbean and in AmericasAmericas

The “R” in C.R.O.P.S stands

for which effect of the Columbian

Exchange?

RR: Race based : Race based slavery slavery (Africans)(Africans)

The “O” in C.R.O.P.S stands

for which effect of the Columbian

Exchange?

OO: Oh, the four : Oh, the four main cash crops main cash crops are cotton, are cotton, tobacco, coffee, tobacco, coffee, and sugarand sugarSugarcane

Tobacco leaves drying Cotton waiting to be picked

Coffee beans

The “P” in C.R.O.P.S stands

for which effect of the Columbian

Exchange?

PP: Plantation : Plantation system: grow system: grow cash cropscash crops

The “S” in C.R.O.P.S stands

for which effect of the Columbian

Exchange?

SS: Slaves brought : Slaves brought from from AfricaAfrica

What is the typical government in Latin America?

DictatorshipsDictatorshipsSpain had a similar Spain had a similar

government and Latin government and Latin America countries America countries copied its mother copied its mother

countrycountry

What two events influenced many Latin American

countries to demand independence from Spain and Portugal?

The American The American Revolution and Revolution and the French the French RevolutionRevolution

Storming of the BastilleThe Declaration of Independence

Who led most of South America to

independence from Spain?

Simon BolivarSimon Bolivar

Freedom!

““The Liberator”The Liberator”

Haiti was a colony of which

country?

FranceFrance

Haiti

Haiti was an important sugar producing colony for the French Empire

Who led Haiti’s war of

independence against France and Napoleon?

Toussaint Toussaint L’OuvertureL’Ouverture

Toussaint L’Ouverture was a former slave on

a sugar plantation Haitian slaves killed almost all

the whites on the island

After fighting the Haitian slaves for several years

unsuccessfully, Napoleon finally gave in, and let Haiti

go in 1804

When did the Cuban Revolution

take place?

19591959

Cuba

Who led the Cuban

Revolution?

Fidel CastroFidel Castro

As an effect of the Cuban Revolution,

what type of government did Castro create in

Cuba?

CommunistCommunist

Karl Marx, author of “The

Communist Manifesto ”

Vladimir Lenin: founder of the the first communist

country the U.S.S.R.U.S.S.R dictator,

Joseph Stalin, one of Casto’s heroes

When was the Cuban Missile

Crisis?

19621962vs

What caused the Cuban Missile

Crisis?

The Soviet Union The Soviet Union tried to put nuclear tried to put nuclear missiles in Cubamissiles in Cuba----only 90 miles from the only 90 miles from the United StatesUnited States Only 90 miles!

How did the Cuban Missile

Crisis end?

After a naval blockade of After a naval blockade of Cuba by the U.S., the Cuba by the U.S., the U.S.S.R. took the missiles U.S.S.R. took the missiles homehome

U.S. naval blocade