Latin AmericaNueva Cancion

Latin America

• 1 ½ continent• Over 20 countries• Spanish, Portuguese, French, Native American

languages

• Quichua

Shared Culture

• Spanish or Portuguese colonialism• American/European influence

• Mixture is the norm– In culture and in music

IS THERE A PAN-LATIN AMERICAN IDENTITY?

Latin America

• What is Latin America?• When is Latin America?

• How does Latin America sound?

Turbulent Times

• Revolution• Massacre• Dictatorship

• Colonialism, Imperialism

1960s Counterculture

1960s Latin American Youth Mvt.

• In the midst of dictatorships

• Argentina ’76 - ’83• Uruguay ’73 - ’85• Brazil ‘64 – ’85• Chile ‘73 – ’90

• Strong U.S. interventions and Elite

Dictatorship Experience

• Disappearing People• No Marx on bookshelf• Interruption of public life

• No opportunity for opposition so extremes generated

How to Change?

• How do you change the system when a few people [the elite] own everything?

• Ideas?

Change?• Populism• Many left-wing movements• Paolo Freire- Pedagogy of the Oppressed

New Song

• Urban sound based on rural musics especially the folk song

• Involves: - Recording songs and writing new similar songs

• - Interpreting folk songs• - Writing new songs

New Song Movement

• Not one musical style• A way of performing• Associated with particular ideals

• Transformation of folklore to popular

Many Sources

• Argentina - Mercedes Sosa

• Cuba – Silvio Rodriguez• Pablo Milanes

• Uruguay – Alfredo Zittaroza

Chile – Stronghold!

• Violetta Parra• Victor Jara• Inti Illimani

• And Isabel Parra, Angel Parra, Illapu, Quilapayun…

New Song in Chile

• La Pena de los Parra• Café in which they sang

• Love songs• Political songs• Metaphysical songs

• Begin to use literary poetry–i.e. Pablo Neruda

• Combine with folk melodies

Unidad Popular

• 1970• Coalition of left-wing parties• Salvador Allende- presidential candidate

• Popularly elected Marxist government

• Victor Para and Nueva Cancion

Victor Jara 1932-1973

• Teacher, theater director, musician• Communist Party• Pivotal role in Nueva Cancion movement

• Song Themes: love, peace, social justice• 1973 Military Coup• Murdered

El Aparacido

• Inti Illimani–University music group

• Anthem of Popular Unity government of Salvador Allende

• Exiled for 16 years• Music changed in Europe