laser final ppt

8/3/2019 Laser Final Ppt

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D. N. PATEL COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING,

SHAHADA

WEL COME TO SEMINAR ON

LASER CUTTING SYSTEM

Guided by:-

Prof. Mr. G.A.ChaudhariDept. of Mechanical

Engineering

Presented By:-

Mr. Urvish.P.PatelB. E. Mechanical

Roll No.:- 30

ACADEMIC YEAR: 2011-12


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Contents

Background

Introduction What is laser Types of laser Working process Economics of laser cutters Science Operation mode Machine configuration Advantages Application Drawbacks Conclusion

Reference


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Background

Laser cutting has been used in industrysince the 1970's.

The first common application was for sign-making, mainly cutting acrylic.

It is now a significant process in everymanufacturing industry.


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Laser cutting is a technology that usesa laser to cut precise patterns in mostall types of materials such as metal,ceramic ,paper and so on.

Introduction
http://www.thesurfacegrinder.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/02/Laser-cutting-head.jpg


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What is laser LASER = Light amplification by stimulated

emission of radiation

A laser is a device that emits light(electromagnetic radiation) through a

process of optical amplification based onthe stimulated emission of photons. Theterm "laser" originated as an acronym forLight Amplification by Stimulated

Emission of Radiation.

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Types of laser

There are two types of lasers used forcutting:

the gaseous CO2 laser

the solid-state Nd:YAG laser

In carbon dioxide( CO2) mixed withhelium and nitrogen

In solid state lasers it is an yttrium-

aluminum-garnet (YAG) crystalcontaining neodymium ions.


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Working process


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Working process

Generation of the laser beam involvesstimulating a lasing material byelectrical discharges or lamps within aclosed container.

Mirrors direct the beam from the sourcedown to the lens

the lens then focuses the beam into thedesired geometry

finally the assist gas is added to removethe molten metal


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Economics of Laser Cutters

Initial startup costs are high, but thelarger cost is the gas used to expel thematerial out of the cut

Efficient use of Laser Cutters isdependent on material and application

Creates very precise cuts with little tono finishing work required


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Science

The Beam

0.005 inches from the source

~.001 inch at the work piece

Types of cut

Vaporization cutting, Melt and Blow,Thermal stress cracking


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Operation mode

Continuous operation

Output power constant over all time.

With high frequency power variation.

Pulse operation

Output power appears in pulse of

some duration It not run continuously. Than heated

to short time. And never high temp atparticular point.

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Machine configurations

Moving Material Positioning table moves in x-y plane

Moving Optics Optical unit moves in x-y plane

Hybrid Material moves in x, Optics move in y


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Advantages

Most advantages is laser is tool free

natural.

Its clean and fast. Most accurate andreliable, flexible.

Its work on 3D system. A non contact cut which means no marks

or contamination of the material.

Ability to cut all most any material.

Computer operated so less chance ofharmful.

Simply change program and cut newpattern.


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Drawbacks

Material limitations. (includingcrystalline and reflective materials)

Reflected laser light can present a

safety hazard. The cost of laser cutting machine is

much higher than other cuttingprocesses .

High power consumption.


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Applications

INDUSTIAL=cutting, welding, marking,

drilling.

Mostly in aerospace and space shipproduction.

Jet engine combustion chamber liners

Elevator and escalator panels

Heat exchanger plates

Air-conditioning ductwork

Saw blades


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Conclusion

There are many useful applications anduses for Laser Cutting in the currentmanufacturing market

Many new innovations are on their wayand new uses for this versatile cuttingprocess are cropping up each year

The future of Laser cutting has a brightfuture


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Reference

www.Google.com/ lasercutting/Laser cutting - Wikipedia, thefree encyclopedia.htm

Books : manuf. Technology bym.mahjan

www.jqlaser.com

TechCommentary,Publish by thecenter for Metals Fabrication Vol. 3

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