large scale lh supply chain project & h gas turbine … · 2019-03-15 · gas turbine(gt) power...
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Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd.
Large Scale LH2 Supply Chain Project & H2 Gas Turbine Demonstration
Hydrogen Safety – Liquid Hydrogen (LH2) Workshop6th , March, 2019, Bergen,
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2© 2019 Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. All Rights Reserved
Ships/Marine Rolling stock Aerospace Gas Turbine/Machinery
Plants/Environment
Motorcycles and Engines Precision Machinery
Products
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© 2019 Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. All Rights Reserved 3
Contents
1. Low-carbon to De-carbonation Society2. Movement Toward Hydrogen Utilization3. Concept of Hydrogen Supply Chain4. Hydrogen Infrastructure Technology5. Projects on Going
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© 2019 Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. All Rights Reserved 4
COP21 (Paris Agreement)
Target of CO2 Reduction:Japan “26% by 2030”Advanced Nations including Japan
“80% by 2050”
Dec. 2015
1. Low to De-carbonation
Shifted from Low-carbon to de-carbonation society(Global temperature rise less than 1.5℃ at most effort, as well as2℃ target)Became effective after 4th, Nov. 2016170 nations and countries signed
(as of 1st, Dec. 2017)
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© 2019 Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. All Rights Reserved 5
Actions in Japan for COP21 (Paris Agreement)
In order to achieve the CO2 target at 2030, proportion of CO2 free power, i.e. nuclear and renewable energies, in the total power generation should be 44% or more
Power retailers have to achieve the above composition ratio by law
Creation of low-carbon power (non-fossil value) market has been opened since 18th
May 2018
1. Low to De-carbonation
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© 2019 Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. All Rights Reserved 6
2014
Pow
er g
ener
atio
n [%
]
0
Hydro, Nuclear(Base load)
2050Output restriction
Solutions to Increase CO2-free PowersGas turbine(GT) power generation will play an important role to enhance stability of the electricity grid, by compensating intermittent power from the renewable energies.
Fuel change from natural gas(NG) to hydrogen can also regulate fluctuation of renewable energies without CO2 emission.
This will be a good combination with hydrogen production from excessive renewable power.
1. Low to De-carbonation
100
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© 2019 Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. All Rights Reserved 7
Contents
1. Low-carbon to De-carbonation Society2. Movement Toward Hydrogen Utilization3. Concept of Hydrogen Supply Chain4. Hydrogen Infrastructure Technology5. Projects on Going
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© 2019 Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. All Rights Reserved 8
Basic Hydrogen Strategy(Ministries cooperation Common scenario)
From HP. of Prime Minister's Office
Hydrogen is an option as important as renewable energies (R.E.)
Mass production from low cost sources: utilizing brown coal and foreign R.E. (Develop international liquefied hydrogen supply chain)
Promotion of furl cell vehicles and hydrogen refueling stations
Commercialization of hydrogen power generation and mass consumption of hydrogen (hydrogen consumption 10 mill. t/year, Power generation capacity 30GW)
Leading to growth strategy to leveraged Tokyo Olympic Paralympic Games
On December 26, 2017, the Ministerial Council on Renewable Energy, Hydrogen and Related Issues held its second meeting and decided on a Basic Hydrogen Strategy to accomplish a world-leading hydrogen-based society
2. Movement Toward Hydrogen Utilization
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© 2019 Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. All Rights Reserved 9
Initiative by Global CompaniesHydrogen Council
2. Movement Toward Hydrogen Utilization
Composed of 53 leading companies from energy, transportation, manufacturing industry and trading sectors: 33 steering members and 20 associate members.
A global initiative advocates long term target to move to hydrogen utilizing new energy economy
With understanding of importance of hydrogen on energy transition, Hydrogen Council aims to create effective action plan with Governments and other stakeholders
THE LINDE GROUP
TOTALALSTOM
IwataniEquinor
engieBMW
GROUPShell
DAIMLERGM
AUDIAngloAmerica HONDA HYUNDAI Air Liquide TOYOTAPLASTIC OMNIUM
CEO event at COP2 3 Bonn
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© 2019 Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. All Rights Reserved 10
Hydrogen Introduction Vision 2050 Hydrogen Council & McKinsey
Hydrogen market, 2.5 trillion dollars, creates 30 million employment allover the world
Responsible for 18% of energy and 20% of CO2reduction
CO2 reduction of 6 billion t/year(50 billion t/year as of 2010 including feed stock)
Hydrogen power generation of 1,500TWh/year(recent 10 years Japan:about 1,000TWh/year,
the world:about 22,000TWh/year) Excessive renewable energy of 500TWh/year will be
stored and utilized
2. Movement Toward Hydrogen Utilization
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© 2019 Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. All Rights Reserved 11
Contents
1. Low-carbon to De-carbonation Society2. Movement Toward Hydrogen Utilization3. Concept of Hydrogen Supply Chain4. Hydrogen Infrastructure Technology5. Projects on Going
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© 2019 Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. All Rights Reserved 12
Hydro H2
Wind, Hydro, NG H2
Wind H2 Geothermal H2
Hydro H2
Expected CO2-free H2 Supply chain3. Concept of Hydrogen Chain
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Concept of CO2-free Hydrogen ChainsStable energy supply while suppressing CO2 emissions
Resourcing country (Australia) Utilizing country (Japan)
Hydrogen transport/storage Hydrogen useHydrogen production
CombinedCycle power generators etc.
Process usesSemiconductor and photovoltaic cell
manufacturingOil refinement, desulfurization, etc.
Transport equipmentHydrogen stationsFuel cell vehicles etc.
C JAXA
Hydrogen gas turbinesHydrogen gas enginesFuel cells etc.
Distributed power plants
Electrical power plants
Liquefied hydrogen containers
Liquefied hydrogen storage tanks
Production of hydrogen at low costs from unused resources (brown coal) and/or abundant recyclable energy
CCS(CO2 capture/storage)
CO2-free hydrogen
Affordable renewable energy
Liquefied hydrogen cargo ships
Liquefaction/ loading
Brown coal
3. Concept of Hydrogen Chain
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14© 2018 Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. All Rights Reserved
CCS/CO2 Storage Sites
Brown Coal Mine(Latrobe Valley)
(CCS: CO2 Capture and Storage)
The Commonwealth and Victorian governments are promoting the "CarbonNet" CCS Project
MORWELL
MELBOURNE
SALE
BAIRNSDALE
ORBOST
WELSHPOOL
80 km
© CO2CRCSource:
http://www.co2crc.com.au/publications/brochures.html
Large-scale CO2collection capacity
3. Concept of Hydrogen Chain
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15© 2018 Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. All Rights Reserved
Liquefied Hydrogen ~ Large-scale Transport Methods for Hydrogen ~
• Extremely low temperature (-253 degrees C)• 1/800 the volume of hydrogen gas• Transport medium of proven practical use in industry and as
rocket fuel• High purity = no need for refinement (can be supplied to fuel
cells by evaporation alone)
Characteristics of liquefied hydrogen
Largest liquefied hydrogen tanks in Japan(Tanegashima Rocket Base)
LNG ship(large-scale energy transport)
JAXA
3. Concept of Hydrogen Chain
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16© 2018 Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. All Rights Reserved
LCA by Mizuho Information & Research Institute
Ref: https://www.mizuho-ir.co.jp/publication/report/2016/pdf/wttghg1612.pdf
Well-to-Tank CO2 emission per 1Nm3-Hydrogen [kg-CO2e/Nm3-H2]
Japan Wind (Comp. H2 transport)
Japan Wind (Liquid H2 transport)
Japan PV (Comp. H2 transport)
Japan PV (Liquid H2 transport)
Production
Transport/Storage
Refueling
Australia Lignite + CCS(Liquid H2 transport)
3. Concept of Hydrogen Chain
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17© 2018 Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. All Rights Reserved
Contents
1. Low-carbon to De-carbonation Society2. Movement Toward Hydrogen Utilization3. Concept of Hydrogen Supply Chain4. Hydrogen Infrastructure Technology5. Projects on Going
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18© 2019 Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. All Rights Reserved
Hydrogen Infrastructure TechnologiesBrown coal hydrogen production
Drying, pulverizing, and other lignite processing technology
Liquefied hydrogen containerUltra-low temperature technology
Hydrogen gas turbinesStable, clean combustion technology
Liquefied hydrogen tanksUltra-low temperature technology
Compressed hydrogen trailer
Composite material-related technology
Hydrogen liquefierPlant/turbine technology
Production
Transport•
Storage
Use
Loading systemUltra-low temperature sealing system technology
Liquefied hydrogen cargo ships
LNG ship technology
4. Hydrogen Technologies
©Tokyo Boeki Engineering
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19© 2018 Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. All Rights Reserved
Hydrogen LiquefierRealization of a hydrogen liquefier by means of
unique key hardware and expansion turbines
Ultra-fast rotation
Hydrogen gas bearings
Liquefaction temperature:
-253 degrees C
Hydrogen production Transport/Storage Hydrogen use
4. Hydrogen Technologies
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20© 2018 Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. All Rights Reserved
Liquefied Hydrogen Cargo Ship
Cargo tank
World‘s first liquefied hydrogen cargo ship toward realization
Stainless steel vacuum thermal insulation double hull
High thermal insulation supporting structure
Special dome structure for maintaining vacuum
Pilot ship
*IGC code: International regulations relating to the structure and equipment of vessels for transporting bulk shipments of liquefied gasIMO: International Maritime Organization
December 2013Basic certification obtained from Nippon Kaiji Kyokai
Guideline to complement IGC code is being proposed to IMO by both Japan and Australia
4. Hydrogen Technologies
Hydrogen production Transport/Storage Hydrogen use
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21© 2018 Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. All Rights Reserved
4. Hydrogen Technologies
Approval of Safety Requirements Interim recommendations were discussed on safety
requirements for offshore carriage of liquefied hydrogen in bulk proposed by Japan.
IMO MSC(Maritime Safety Committee, Parent Committee of CCC3) was held from 21th to 25th Nov. , 2016 and approved the recommendations.
Thus, IMO officially acknowledge the demonstration of liquefied hydrogen transportation between Japan and Australia.
IMO: International Maritime Organization
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22© 2018 Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. All Rights Reserved
Liquefied hydrogen storage tanks Liquefied hydrogen storage tank specifications
Models Spherical double-hull tank
Storage capacity 540 m3
Design pressure 0.686 MPa + VacuumDesign temperature
-253°C
Thermal insulation method
Vacuum pearlite thermal insulation
Cryogenic Storage
JAXA
JAXA
Hydrogen production Transport/Storage Hydrogen use
4. Hydrogen Technologies
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23© 2018 Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. All Rights Reserved
Liquefied hydrogen transport containerLiquid hydrogen transport container
specifications
Models ISO 40 ft containerInternal volume 45.6 m3
Unladen weight 22.3 tonHydrogen load capacity 2.8 ton
Thermal insulation method
Vacuum lamination thermal insulation
Accessories Pressure evaporator
Land Transport of Liquefied Hydrogen Hydrogen
production Transport/Storage Hydrogen use
4. Hydrogen Technologies
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© 2019 Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. All Rights Reserved 24
Application to hydrogen by exchanging combustor only, no modification of compressor and turbine Issue: stable combustion and suppression of NOx
CompressorCombustor
Turbine
Hydrogen Gas Turbine Hydrogen production Transport/Storage Hydrogen use
4. Hydrogen Technologies
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© 2019 Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. All Rights Reserved 25
The nozzle after testHydrogenfueled
Red hot of nozzle
Structural burnout, flash back
Higher combustion temperature than that of natural gas (hot spot in the combustion chamber)
Higher NOx emission
Flash back with pre-mixed combustion
Hydrogen Combustion Issues
Higher flame propagation velocity than that of natural gas
Shorter flame quenching distance
4. Hydrogen Technologies
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© 2019 Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. All Rights Reserved 26
Natural 100%gasHydrogen 0%
0%
100%
60%
40%
20%
80%
Pure hydrogen
Flame behavior (Visualization test)
Water/Fuel mass flow ratio [%]
0
150
300
450
600
750
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140
1.0
0.5
1.5
2.0
2.5Hydrogen + Water splay
Natural gas + Water splay
Limit
NO
x ov
er r
egul
ator
y lim
itNOx suppressed less than the limit with water injection
Supported by NEDO
Fuel Flexible Low NOx Combustion
Pure natural gas
4. Hydrogen Technologies
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© 2019 Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. All Rights Reserved 27
Contents
1. Low-carbon to De-carbonation Society2. Movement Toward Hydrogen Utilization3. Concept of Hydrogen Supply Chain4. Hydrogen Infrastructure Technology5. Projects on Going
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28© 2019 Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. All Rights Reserved
2014“Strategic Energy Plan"Technologies in
Kawasaki Heavy Industries
Commercial chain
Tokyo Olympics &Paralympics
Progress of Hydrogen Project20302020
Pilot demonstration
LNG technology
Liquefied hydrogen technology
JAXA
2018 KobeHydrogen Gas TurbineCo-generation
5. Projects on Going
HySTRA
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29© 2019 Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. All Rights Reserved
Hydrogen production plant Port side plant
NEDO portionNEDO portion
GasificationBrown coal
Gas refining Trailer Liquefaction Loading LH2 carrier Unloading Power
generation
JapanAustralia
Australia portion
• NEDO portion: consisting of gasification in Australia, H2 carrier and unloading terminal in Japan supported by NEDO, performed by HySTRA
• Australia portion: consisting of gas refining and loading terminal in Australia supported by Australian Governments
• Hydrogen Production Plant: consisting of gasification and gas refining in Latrobe Valley
• Port side plant: consisting of trailer, liquefaction and loading terminal in Hastings
Pilot Demonstration Structure5. Projects on Going
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30© 2019 Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. All Rights Reserved
Technical Research AssociationName of TRA: CO2-free Hydrogen Energy Supply-chain
Technical Research Association (Abbreviation: HySTRA)
Established date: February in 2016
Member: KHI, Iwatani Corporation, Shell Japan, J-Power
President: Eiichi Harada(Executive Officer, KHI)
5. Projects on Going
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31© 2019 Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. All Rights Reserved
Entrance to commerce Brown coal gasification technology On-shore base for liquefied hydrogen
technology for loading/unloadingbetween ships
Marine transport technology for large volumes of liquefied hydrogen
Technology demonstration of feasibility in fiscal 2020 when the Tokyo Olympicsis held
Supported by NEDO (New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization)
Pilot Demonstration5. Projects on Going
J-Power
HySTRA
HySTRA
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32© 2018 Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. All Rights Reserved
Liquefied Hydrogen Cargo Ships4. Hydrogen Technologies
Cargo Machinery & Motor room
Cargo Containment System
With Steel Tank Cover
Loading Station
Vent Mast
Diesel Electric Propulsion
System
Hydrogen production Transport/Storage Hydrogen use
HySTRA
HySTRA
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33© 2019 Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. All Rights Reserved
LH2* Storage Tank
Vent Stack
Loading System
BOG** HolderBOG Compressor
Trailer Station
Pipe Rack
Computer Graphic of Liquefied Hydrogen Terminal in Kobe Air Port
Island
**BOG : Boil Off GAs
Pilot Demonstration(LH2 Terminal)
*LH2 : Liquefied Hydrogen
5. Projects on Going
Terminal site
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Pilot Demonstration(LH2 Terminal)5. Projects on Going
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35© 2019 Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. All Rights Reserved
Australian Portion Launched
・Australian portion subsidization was announced in Latrobe Valley on 12, April
・Prim minister Turnbull and ministers attended the event
・METI and NEDO attended from Japan
・Kawasaki Heavy Industries, J-POWER, Iwatani Corp, Marubeni and AGL attended from the private sector
5. Projects on Going
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© 2019 Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. All Rights Reserved 36
Hydrogen Power Station in KobePower and heat management system using hydrogen and natural gas as a fuel.
Power Generation: 1 MW classPartners: Obayashi (Leader), Kawasaki,
Kobe City, KEPCO, Iwatani, Kenes, Osaka University(~FY2018)
Period: FY2016~FY2019 Supported by NEDO
Hydrogen Power Station
5. Projects on Going
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5. Projects on Going
Hydrogen Gas Turbine CGS System Flow Diagram
Fuel Gas
Blend Unit
Combustor
Gas Turbine
Water Injection(for NOx Reduction)
Natural GasCompressor
Steam(Supply to Community)
Evaporator
Genetator
FeedWater
HeatRecovery
Boiler
Inlet Air
ExhaustGas
LiquefiedHydrogen
Lorry
Hydrogen GasCompressor
Liquefied Hydrogen
Storage Tank
Pressurization
Evaporator
Power(Supply to Community)
G
動 動動動 動
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Flexible for Hydrogen, Natural Gas and Mixed Fuel Gas
The Movie
Flexible Fuel Nozzle with Water Injection 5. Projects on Going
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39© 2018 Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. All Rights Reserved
Role and Effect of CO2-free Hydrogen Chainsconclusions
Hydrogen from fossil fuel linked with CCS will realize vast and affordable energy supply
No CO2 emissions when used (only water is emitted)
Stable Supply1
Environmental
Improvement of Industrial Competitiveness
Contribute to hydrogen economy deployment and energy security
2
3
"Ultimate clean energy"
Broad spectrum of jobs and employments
Way of the sustainable development goals
Wide use of hydrogen brings Industrial growthHydrogen production started from fossil fuel gradually shifted to the renewables
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40© 2019 Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. All Rights Reserved
Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. Corporate Technology Division
1-14-5, Kaigan, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8315Tel: 03-3435-2259 Fax: 03-3435-2081http://www.khi.co.jp
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