Language Arts

1/28/14

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Reminders:• Grammar reassessment due by Wed 2/5.• Need original test, new study guide, and to

check in prior to 2/5. • I am here before school if you need additional

help/clarification!

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• Verbals:– A word that is formed from a verb and acts as a

noun, an adjective, or an adverb. – Three kinds of verbals: gerunds, participles, and

infinitives.

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• Gerunds: – Verbs that function as nouns– Always end in –ing

• Participles: – Verbs that function as adjectives– End in –ing, -ed (or past tense)

• Infinitives:– verb forms introduced by to– Used as a noun, adjective, or adverb.

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• Gerunds Phrases: – Consists of the gerund, its modifiers, and complements. It is

always used as a noun.

• Participial Phrases: – Consists of the participle, its modifiers, and complements. It is

always used as an adjective phrase to modify a noun or pronoun

• Infinitive Phrases:– Consists of to, the infinitive (verb), and its modifiers &

complements. It is used as a noun, adjective, or adverb.

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• Appositive: a noun or pronoun placed directly after another noun or pronoun to further explain or identify.

• Appositive Phrase: consists of the appositive and its modifiers (which may be phrases themselves).– Usually appears in the middle of the sentence, but

can appear at the beginning, middle, or end.

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Appositive Phrases• The fastest animal, the peregrine falcon, can

travel more than 100 mph at certain times.

• A female calico, Janet’s cat has won many ribbons.

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Appositive Phrases• The fastest animal, the peregrine falcon, can

travel more than 100 mph at certain times.

• A female calico, Janet’s cat has won many ribbons.

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• The monkey, a nimble animal, is often found in the jungle.

• One of the world’s largest continents, the coast of Africa, is a prosperous trading region.

• Our family visited the Smithsonian Institution, a vast network of galleries in Washington, D.C.

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• The monkey, a nimble animal, is often found in the jungle.

• One of the world’s largest continents, the coast of Africa, is a prosperous trading region.

• Our family visited the Smithsonian Institution, a vast network of galleries in Washington, D.C.

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How can you tell the difference between a participial phrase and an appositive phrase?

• Participles are verbs used as adjectives to modify nouns and pronouns.

• Appositives are nouns used to explain or identify a noun or pronoun.

Work Time

• Finish “Phrase” packet – we will review before the end of class!

• Underline the subject once and verb twice in each sentence. Circle the phrase (gerund, participial, infinitive, or appositive).

• You may listen to music.

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• Questions? • Reassessments– Complete by Wednesday 2/5– Need original test, new study guide, and check in

prior to Wednesday 2/5