language analysis: text types
TRANSCRIPT
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USING LANGUAGE TO PERSUADETEXT TYPES REVISION
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Text TypesMemorise the features and you won’t go wrong in the SAC or exam
It is important that you accurately identify the type of text and continue to refer to it by the correct type throughout your essay
When you see this star- label your A3 sheets
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Most Common Persuasive TextsEditorial
Opinion ArticleLetter to the EditorCartoon PhotographBlogSpeech
‘Other’ TextsNews Report
Feature Article
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Key TermsByline: indicates who an article is written by. Often found under the headline or at the end of an article. AAP or AP: Australia Associated Press or Associated Press. This indicates the article was not written by the paper itself, but taken directly from a free news service available to all media outlets to use.
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Key TermsPull Quote: a quote that has been repeated in bold, larger text in the middle of an article to draw attention to it
Blog: a regularly updated website or web page, typically one run by an individual or small group, that is written in an informal or conversational style.
Pull Quote
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Background information
In the exam and the SAC, you will be given background information on the issue. It is important
that you read it. You do NOT need to analyse this, but it could help to write your introduction or understand
the issue.
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EditorialCommonly has the paper’s masthead at the top
No writer’s name is listed
Longer piece of writing
Written by the editor or a senior journalist (or team of journalists)
Offers the newspaper’s official opinion on a current issue
Has a headline
Masthead
Headline
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Opinion Piece
Has a headlineA longer piece of writingHas a bylineGenerally written by a senior journalist, a columnist or an expert on the issue not employed by the paper An expert will have their credentials listed
Byline
Headline
Expert’s credentials
A photogra
ph indicates that this
is a regular column
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Letter to the EditorWritten by a member of the public about a current issue, or something that has annoyed themMay have a headline, but not always. This has been added by the paper.The writer and their suburb is listed at the end.If the writer is knowledgable on an issue, a credential may also be listed at the end
Writer Suburb
Headline
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Letters to the Editor: FYI
The information in the brackets indicates that this letter is in response to an article or piece previously written about in the paper. Sometimes, you won’t be given that article, so you have to make assumptions in regard to what the article was about from the information you have been given
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CartoonMakes a satirical (form of comedy) comment on a current issue
Remember to describe what is drawn, as well as discussing any dialogue
Often relate to politics (many are called political cartoons)
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Some Australian Cartoonists
Mark KnightRon TandbergMichael LeunigCathy WilcoxJohn SpoonerPaul Zanetti
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PhotographsWill accompany an article
May have more than one photo composited together
Discuss the content and point of focus
Look for the little thingseg: it is important to mention that this photo of the West Gate Bridge shows lots of cars on it, signifying how many people could have been killed by a bomb Two photos composited together
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Photographs
Look out for the caption, it could contain important information Describe facial expressions of subjectsColour is also very important
Caption
Compare the facial expressions in this
image, what kind of story
do they tell?
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Photo alterationsSeveral newspapers were sued over running altered photos of Martin Bryant, the killer from the Port Arthur Massacre in 1996.This act is illegal, newspapers are NOT allowed to photoshop pictures in this manner. SO…. don’t talk about a photo being ‘photoshopped’
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FYI
Next Thursday I will run a session (same time, same place) discussing how to analyse photographs and cartoons: what to look for etc.
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Blog
Looks like a web pageMay or may not be a journalist writing the pieceCould have pictures included, don’t ignore them!!!
These features indicate that the
piece being analysed is a
blog
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Blog
May also have comments at the bottom. Analyse these too, in comparison to the article.
In the 2011 exam, students needed
to analyse a blog, a photograph, a
poster and comments in
response to the blog
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Speech or PresentationYou will analyse the transcript of the speech
Will often say it’s a speech in the ‘background info’
Often introduces the speaker underneath the heading
Speaker may use personal pronouns
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Speech or Presentation
You may also have to analyse images used in a presentation that accompanies the speech
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NewsletterWill generally have a company or organisation logo
May include an issue number
Usually written by people close to the issue or experts
Writer not always listed
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NewsletterRemember to analyse everything that you are presented with, including heading, pictures, graphs, as well as the writing!
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AdvertisementCombination of text (both heading and smaller) and imagesCompany logo or product name visible
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Other TextsNews Reports and Feature Articles are two of the most regular pieces included in newspapers and magazines. These are mostly informational reports. News Reports are not designed to persuade you of anything, journalist must be unbiased on an issue.Sometimes, a Feature Article will be on a current issue, so will contain elements of persuasion.
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News ReportWill always have a headline
May have subheading
Will have a byline (or AAP/AP) listing the writer
Regularly accompanied with photographs
Informational only, it won’t try to convince you of anything
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Feature Article
Longer piece of writing (often several pages long)May have several sections (eg: a history, different points of view)Often contains subheadings or questionsUses lots of visualsRarely in weekday papers, mostly in pull out sections on the weekend
This is only part of a feature article