language a way of putting words together to communicate your ideas
TRANSCRIPT
Language
A way of putting words together to communicate your ideas
How do you communicate your ideas?
• You include 2 parts:– What idea are you talking about?– What are you saying about that idea?
• Practice:– White clouds floated over my head.– The engineer designed a building.– Leonardo painted a beautiful painting.
Sentence
• How you describe your idea using the 2 parts forms a sentence.
• what you are talking about = Complete Subject
• what you are saying about it = Complete Predicate
Complete Subjects Complete Predicates(What the idea is about) (What we are saying about the subject)
1. The crane fishes patiently in the lake.2. They would banish us.3. The people could fly.4. Crick and Watson discovered DNA.5. I loved my parents.6. Lenny is a boy in class.7. That day was one of the coldest.8. He had grown beautiful flowers.9. She had a lovely smile.10. I am.
Complete Subjects Complete Predicates(What the idea is about) (What we are saying about the
subject)
1. The crane fishes patiently in the lake.2. They would banish us.3. The people could fly.4. Crick and Watson discovered DNA.5. I loved my parents.6. Lenny is a boy in class.7. That day was one of the coldest.8. He had grown beautiful flowers.9. She had a lovely smile.10. I am.
1. The dog ___________________
2. The red laser beam ___________________
3. Friendship___________________
4. __________ shone across the sea.
5. __________ quietly munched bamboo shoots.
6. __________ climbed about the ship.
7. The people of ancient Rome __________________8. The best song
__________________9. ______________ is my favorite T.V.
show.10. ______________ ran down the hall.
Let’s PracticeComplete Subjects Complete Predicates
(What the idea is about) (What we are saying about the subject)
How Many?
• How many students are in our class?• How many classes do you have in a day?• How many kinds of words are there?
8
Parts of Speech
Language
Nouns
• Person• Place• Thing• Idea
Nou
ns
Can you find 3 nouns in the pictures?
Nou
ns
Proper
A nameMs. Slaggie
Northstar
Possessive forms
Boy’s bikeBoys’ bikesA child’s toy
The children’s toys
Noun
A person you know.A place you can go.A thing you can show.An idea
Common
Non specificteacher
school
Pronouns• A word that replaces a noun.• 4 Types of Pronouns
– Subjective: used as the subject of a sentence: I, you, he, she, it, we, they• We brought a pound of apples.
– Objective: used as the object of the sentence. Often found in the predicate: you, me, him, her, it, us, them• Tom sees me.
– Possessive: used to show ownership: his, hers, ours, their• Take her car to the store.
– Intensive: used to refer back to another noun or pronoun in the sentence to emphasize it: himself, herself, themselves, ourselves• The boys baked these scones by themselves.
Replace each noun with a pronoun.Is that pronoun subject, objective, possessive, or intensive?
• Jane wanted to play a game.– She wanted to play it.• subjective & objective
• Tony and Jim went to a the house of Tom.– They went to his house.• subjective & possessive
• Sue wanted to invite Mary to the party.– She wanted to invite her to it.• subjective, objective, & objective
Write 2 sentences about this picture using pronouns.
Pro
nou
ns
Pro
nou
ns
Pronoun – noun
A word that replaces a noun in a sentence and is often used so that the noun doesn’t have to be repeated
You can’t turn the clock back, but you can wind it up again.
We believe what we tell ourselves. So tell yourself this: Everything will work out. It will get better. You are loveable. You are strong. You are worthy of great things. You are important.
When you are waiting for the bus and someone asks, "Has the bus come yet?" You say, “If it came, would I be standing here?”
Adjective
• Modifies (describes) a noun or pronoun. Answers the questions:– WHICH ONE? (that, the, a, those)– HOW MANY?(numbers, few, many)– WHAT KIND?• The red apple was tasty. • The book was 413 pages long.
Smart, Small, and SnippyA
dje
cti
ves
Ad
jecti
ves
Comparative
more cantankerousOrnerier
Bill is ornerier than Bo.
Singular
Cantankerousornery
Adjective – noun
A word that describes a noun or pronoun and is used often to compare people, places, and things
Superlative
most cantankerousOrneriest
Bill is the orneriest of all.
Verbs
• A word that shows action or links the two parts of the sentence
– Nick ran after the ball.– Nick is good at soccer.– Tess plays baseball.– Tess is the pitcher on the team.
Verb
sSliding and Riding
Not just for kids these days!
Verb
s
Past Tense
skedaddledhurried
canoodledhugged and kissed
Present Tense
discombobulate confuse
hornswogglecheat
Verb – noun
A word that expresses an action or a state of being
Future Tense
will lollygagwill move slowlywill flabbergast
will amaze
Adverbs• Tells more about a verb or adjective, or
another adverb by answering questions like how, when, and where.
• I swam quickly.• I swam very quickly.• We swam over there.• We swam daily.
Write a title for this picture. Include an adverb.
Ad
verb
s
Reflective Thinker 24
Ad
verb
s
Comparativemore quirkilymore peculiarly
It was a more quirkily themed event than the last one.
sheepishly awkwardly
Adverb – noun
A word that describes how, when, or where the action of a verb takes place
Superlative
most kookilymost foolishly
It was the most kookily decorated tree.
Wh
at’
s s
o f
un
ny?
HA
HA HA
HA
My teacher says that I use adverbsgood!
Nouns, verbs,
adjectives, adverbs, interjectio
ns, conjunctio
ns, and prepositions are all I need to
write good.
Surely?
Conjunction
• Joins words– and, or, but, so, yet, since, although
Red and PinkC
on
jun
cti
on
s
Bro
ad
way
Mark it or hold it?
Con
jun
cti
on
s
Coordinatingloopy and
persnickety
crazy and fussy
Coordinatingpantaloons
or knickers
early 19th century trousers or short pants
Conjunction – noun
A word such asand, because, but, for,since, or, and yet, which is used to connectphrases, clauses, and sentences
Subordinating
Since the scuttlebutt (rumor) began, he hasn’t been the same.
Con
jun
cti
on
sFANBOYS
1. The bus stopped __________ the man got off.2. We stayed at home __________ watched a film.3. I wanted to buy a newspaper __________ didn't have enough money.4. I have a lot of homework to do now __________ I can't go to the movies with you.5. He's very rich __________ he doesn't spend a lot of money.6. Do you want tea __________ coffee?7. Is the Empire State Building in New York __________ London?8. Is it a new house __________ an old house?9. I enjoy visiting many different countries __________ I wouldn't want to live anywhere else but Lisbon.10. We can go by bus __________ we can walk.
forandnor
butoryetso
Preposition
• Words to show relationship. A prepositional phrase begins with a preposition and ends with an object.– in, on, beside, after, under, around, over, etc.
– The dog was on the dock.– She got sick during the game.– The movie is after the news– The garden was behind the wall.
On the roof In the purseP
rep
osit
ion
s
On the elephant In time out
Time OutGrowled at the vacuum cleaner and attacked it
Interjections
• Expresses emotion– Oh, wow, wham, bah, boo, yes, no, phew, yikes.
– Wow, you look nice!
Grrrr! I’m late.In
terj
ecti
on
s
33©Reflective Thinker
Inte
rjecti
on
s
jeez
an interjection meaning you can’t
believe something or you’re exasperated
la-di-da
an interjection indicating that
something is showy or pretentious
Interjection – noun
A word that expresses emotion and has no grammatical relation to the rest of the sentence
boo-yaa cry of triumph
ooh-la-laindicates something
is special or fancy
Davina, a blind goose, was born in January 2013 at Old Station House Inn in Exmoor, England. She was resourceful and did not waddle around dejected, or sad. Instead, she made friends with Maisy, a Jack Russell terrier. Maisy was Davina’s second pair of eyes, her guide dog. Davina always waited patiently for Maisy to clear her path. Maisy’s owner Martin Shepherd said that Maisy often helped Davina out of sticky situations.
Davina
And Maisy
Maisy did not like it when, Lionel, a gander appeared, so he pulled out Lionel’s tail feathers. Yikes! In retaliation, Lionel responded aggressively by whacking Maisy, and they sparred back and forth across the garden. Frustrated, Martin Shepherd’s 15-year-old daughter Madison refereed and separated Maisy and Lionel.
In the future, the Shepherd family hopes that the three learn to live together peaceably. Maisy, by the way, never had pulled any of Davina’s feathers. Ahh!
Fid
dle
sti
cks
To PlayOne student from Group 1 draws a paper strip from the can.
This student has 7 seconds to identify the underlined part of speech. If he is correct, his group keeps the strip. If he is incorrect, put it back in the can. One student from Group 2 goes next.
If Ahh! Fiddlesticks! is drawn, the group must give back all of their strips, which will be put to the side.
The game ends when all strips are drawn from the can or when time is called. Students count their strips. The group with the most strips wins the game.
Circle the subject and underline the predicate in each sentence. Next, label each word with its part of speech.
1. The scientist used a microscope.
2. Rembrandt slowly painted the canvas.
3. Yes, he and she were members.
4. DeSoto floated down the Mississippi.
5. Spartacus and his force of gladiators lost.
Noun Noun
Noun Noun
Noun
Noun Noun
Noun Noun Noun
Verb
Verb
Verb
Verb
Adjective Adjective
Adjective
Pronoun Pronoun Verb
Adjective
Adverb
Pronoun
conjunction
conjunction
Interjection
preposition
preposition