EARTH’S LANDFORMS

Grace PersionPeriod 49/21/09

BAY• A bay is an area

of water mostly surrounded by land.

• Some examples of bays include Palionisos Bay on Kalymnos Island, Greece & Arginonta Bay in the same city.

• A butte is an isolated hill rising abruptly above the surrounding land with a small, relatively flat top.

• Some examples of buttes include Soda Butte in Yellowstone and Fajada Butte in Choco Canyon.

BUTTE

CANYON• A canyon is a

ravine formed by a river with little rainfall.

• Some examples of canyons include Bryce Canyon in Utah and Copper Canyon in Mexico.

• A cataract is, in this case, a large, powerful waterfall.

• Some examples of cataracts include Cataract Falls in California, and Cataract Cove in Alaska.

CATARACT

CLIFF• A cliff is is a

vertical (or near vertical) rock exposure.

• Some examples of cliffs are Suicide Cliff in Saipan, Micronesia, and Northwest Point on Navassa Island.

• A delta is low triangular area of alluvial deposits where a river divides before entering a larger body of water.

• Some examples of deltas include the Lena River delta, the Mississippi River delta, and the Nile River delta.

DELTA

FLOOD PLAIN

• A flood plain is is flat or nearly flat land adjacent to a stream or river that experiences occasional or periodic flooding.

• Some examples of flood plains include Lynches River in South Carolina and the Laramie Rivers in Wyoming.

• A glacier is a mass of ice which moves over land.

• Some examples of glaciers are the Baltoro Glacier in the Karakoram Mountains in Pakistan, and the Perito Moreno Glacier in Patagonia, Argentina.

GLACIER

GULF• A gulf is a large

bay that is an “arm” of an ocean or sea.

• Some examples of gulfs are the Persian Gulf, the Gulf of Patras, and the Gulf of Venezuela.

• A harbor is a place where ships may shelter from the weather or are stored.

• Some examples of harbors include Presque Isle Harbor, Caesarea Harbor, and Saxon Harbor.

HARBOR

ISLAND• An island is

any piece of land that is surrounded by water.

• Some examples of islands include Great Keppel Island, and Turtle Island.

• A marsh is a type of wetland which is subject to frequent or continuous flood.

• Some examples of marshes include salt marshes in Georgia and the Spartina salt marshes.

MARSH

MESA• A mesa is an

elevated area of land with a flat top and sides that are usually steep cliffs.

• Some examples of mesas include Mesa Verde, and Cerro Negro in Argentina.

• A mountain is a large landform that stretches above the surrounding land in a limited area usually in the form of a peak.

• Some examples of mountains include the Rocky Moutains and Mt. Fuji.

MOUNTAIN

OASIS• An oasis is an

isolated area of vegetation in a desert, typically surrounding a spring.

• Some examples of oases include Huacachina in Peru, and Ein Gedi in Israel.

• A plateau is an area of highland, usually consisting of relatively flat terrain.

• Some examples of plateaus include the Kinder Plateau, and the Thwaites Plateau.

PLATEAU

PRAIRIE• A prairie is a flat

area of land with not much rain, considered a part of temperate grasslands.

• Some examples of prairies include Grand Prairie, Fair Prairie, and Coastal Prairie.

• A steppe is a grassland plain without trees.

• Some examples of steppes include the Kazakh steppe, the Mongolian steppe, and steppes in Altai.

STEPPE

STRAIT• A strait is a

narrow, navigable channel of water that connects two bigger bodies of water.

• Some examples of straits include the Bosphorus Strait in Istanbul, and the Strait of Gibraltar.

• A swamp is part of a wetland ecosystem, with large areas of land and shallow bodies of water.

• Some examples of swamps include freshwater swamps in Florida, and swamps in Belarus.

SWAMP

VALLEY• A valley is a long

depression in the land, between two higher areas which may be hills or mountains.

• Some examples of valleys include the valley in Glacier National Park, Montana, and a glaciated valley in Mt Hood Wilderness.

• A volcano is an opening in the Earth’s surface or crust, which allows hot magma and ash to escape from below the surface.

• Some examples of volcanoes include Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii, and the Llaima Volcano.

VOLCANO

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Grace PersionPeriod 4