landfill gas collection, flaring and gas utilisationtntdpc.com/pdf/biogas.pdf · 2010. 1. 6. ·...
TRANSCRIPT
Environmental Industries Sector Unit
Landfill gas Collection, flaring and gas Utilisation
Zaneta WhitworthBusiness Development Manager CDM & JI Projects
5 – 9 February 2007
EISU Seminar Mission to India
Biogas Technology Ltd
Environmental Industries Sector Unit
UK Market Conditions for Landfill Gas Control & Utilization• Landfill Site License requirements
• Compliance lead
• Renewable Energy
• EU Landfill Directive
Environmental Industries Sector Unit
UK Methane Emissions
1990
Total of 4,925 thousand tonnes
2004
Total of 2,461 thousand tonnes
Coal Mines, 234
Landfill, 944Agriculture, 893
Gas leakage, 231
Other, 159Coal Mines, 870
Landfill, 2,367
griculture, 1,023
Gas leakage, 379
Other, 286
Environmental Industries Sector Unit
Why Bother utilising Landfill Gas?
• Methane from waste is a huge source of atmospheric methane throughout the world and in the UK it is the largest contributor.
• Methane venting to the atmosphere is 21 times more harmful to the environment than CO2 emissions.
• Control of landfill gas increases safety and helps to reduce odours for those people living in and around the vicinity of a landfill site.
• Methane is a valuable fuel source
Environmental Industries Sector Unit
Using Landfill Gas
Environmental Industries Sector Unit
Alternative for biogas utilisation
Environmental Industries Sector Unit
High Temperature Flare systems being installed at UK Landfill
Environmental Industries Sector Unit
BALANCING LANDFILL GAS COLLECTION SYSTEM
Environmental Industries Sector Unit
Biogas Generation(assessment of gas generated)
• The calculation of the amount of gas produced in a landfill site is NOT and exact science and can be influenced by many factors:
– The input of waste per annum and the percentage mix– The surface area and depth of waste.– How the site is lined and capped.– The amount of moisture and leachate handling.– The method of site filling and operation.
Environmental Industries Sector Unit
Biogas Production
• Rule of thumb calculations
• 1 tonne of highly organic waste will produce at least 6m3 of gas
• 1MW generator requires 600 m3/hour
Nether Dallachy Landfill SiteEstimated Landfill Gas Output
0
200
400
600
800
1,000
1,200
1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024
Land
fill G
as (M
3 /h)
Gas Yield - Low Gas Yield - High 300kW 400kW 1150kW 1450kW
Environmental Industries Sector Unit
1030kW & 300kW Generators
Environmental Industries Sector Unit
The UK Incentive to Encourage Renewable Energy
– In the UK there is a commitment to try and achieve 10% of its Power Production from Renewable Sources by 2010 increasing year on year to 15% by 2015 (with a desire to go beyond that figure).
– In the UK this is done by creating Renewable Obligation Certificates (ROC’s) or “Green Certificates” through legislation in 2002.
– In January 2006 it was around 4.8%
Environmental Industries Sector Unit
• NATURAL POWER LTD - Leadercompany in power generation from landfill gas– More than 100 MW of installed
capacity on landfill worldwide– Largest independent generator
in the UK– Experience in developing
countries• Assembly of our own equipment
– Caterpillar, Perkins– 1 MW, 300 KW (connected to
grid)– 70+ KW for small-scale
generation
Environmental Industries Sector Unit
CDM & JI PROJECTS
DEFINITIONS:
• CDM & JI are ‘flexible mechanisms’ under the Kyoto Protocol. They promote development of projects which reduce emissions of Greenhouse gases, compared to what would have happened in their absence.
• CERs ( Certified Emissions Reductions – Carbon Credits) are created as a result, allowing emissions reductions achieved in one country to be bought by other countries struggling to meet their own targets.
Environmental Industries Sector Unit
A few interesting facts…
As of January 2007
• 489 registered projects – only 32are Landfill gas projects
• CER-s have been issued in 142projects - only 6 are landfill gas projects
Environmental Industries Sector Unit
For the project to happen…
Environmental Industries Sector Unit
Key elements
• Obtaining finance• Technical advisory (e.g. feasibility study)• Design, construction, operation and maintenance of the
biogas collection system, of the flare and the utilisation system• Project development under the CDM
– Project justification, baseline, studies, public consultation, national approval, registration with the UN
• Trading of Certified Emission Reductions (CERs)
Environmental Industries Sector Unit
Traditional way Integral wayWaste operator
Consultants
Banks & Lawyers
Insurance company
Local Authorities
Generating company
Regulators
Carbon credit brokers
District network operators
Waste operator
ADVANTAGES:•integral solution for the whole project development•Simplicity•Implementation efficiency
•Requires only one decision•Quickness•no risk for the operator
Development models for CDM projects
Integral project developer
Environmental Industries Sector Unit
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
35000
40000
45000
50000
1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
Land
fill G
as (M
3 /h) a
t 50%
Met
hane
Gas Yield - Low Gas Yield - High Generator Demand - 10MW Generator Demand 20MW Generator Demand 25MW
DAILY FIELD DATA REPORT
DAILY FLARE DATA REPORT
DAILY LFG MANAGEMENT REPORT
LSMp Fix unit
TC
AT70
Modem
CONTINIOUS DIAL-UP FLARE DATA REPORT
www.biogas.gasdata.netONLINE PROTECTED DATA
CH4 %
TmpC
F (LFG)Nm3/h
TmpC
F (LFG)Nm3/h
LMSxi-G2
Site, Technician
Date/time stamp
Weather
Comments
LMSxi-G2
CH4 %
CH4 %
Successful Verification of CERS
Data gathering of Landfills around the world
Gas curve and cost estimation using FELGA Model
Negotiation under CDM/JI Structure
Design and installation of fieldwork and flare
Environmental Industries Sector Unit
ABOUT US…
Environmental Industries Sector Unit
Thank you for your attention
www.biogas.co.ukTel: 00 44 (0)1487 831701
Fax: 00 44 (0)1487 830962
Email: [email protected]
www.natural-power.co.ukTel: 00 44 (0)161 745 7450
Fax: 00 44 (0)161 745 3250
Email: [email protected]