MATERIALS AND METHODS - Satellite imagery: MODIS-250m, 16-day reflectance composites were used to derive Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Land Surface Water Index (LSWI) and the NDVI Monthly Maximum Value Composites (NDVI-MVC) for the year 2014-15.

Extensive ground survey information: Ground information was collected during October 2014, on land use/land cover including irrigation source, crop intensity. A total of 540(262 +278) locations were recorded along with Photographs.

Key Methods: Temporal NDVI curves illustrate the crop growth within the growing period and also the length of growing period. It also informs the planting date, peak growth and harvesting stage (Gumma et al., 2011, 2014).

REFERENCES – Gumma, M.K., Nelson, A., Thenkabail, P.S., Singh, A.N., 2011. Mapping rice areas of South Asia using MODIS multi-temporal data. Journal of Applied Remote Sensing 5, 053547. Gumma, M.K., Thenkabail, P.S., Maunahan, A., Islam, S., Nelson, A., 2014. Mapping seasonal rice cropland extent and area in the high cropping intensity environment of Bangladesh using MODIS 500m data for the year 2010. ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing 91(5), 98-113.

RESULTS 1. Spatial extent of cropland were mapped in Ethiopia using NDVI based temporal profiles, phenological signatures 2. Developed a land use map for 2014-15.

ABSTRACT: Overarching goal is to map the cropland areas of Ethiopia using moderate-

resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) time-series data for the year 2014. The population of the region is growing faster than its ability to produce cereals. Thus, accurate and timely assessment of where and how cereals are cultivated is important to craft food security and poverty alleviation strategies. We used a time series of sixteen-day, 250-m spatial resolution composite images from the MODIS sensor to produce crop type maps, intensity of cropping, cropping calendar for the year 2014. A suite of methods that include spectral matching techniques, decision trees using ideal spectral profile data banks to rapidly identify and classify crop areas over large spatial extents. These methods are used in conjunction with ancillary spatial data sets (e.g., elevation, precipitation), national statistics, and maps, along with appropriately sampled ground survey data. A fuzzy classification accuracy assessment was conducted for 2014 crop land product with demonstrated accuracies ranging from 77% to 100% for cropland classes, with an overall accuracy of 82% for all classes. These results suggest that the methods, approaches, algorithms, and data sets we used are ideal for rapid, accurate, and large-scale mapping of major crops.

INTRODUCTION - Ethiopia’s agriculture, with varied agro-ecosystems from broad ranges in altitude (110m to 4620m) and multiple crops is mostly subsistence by small holder farmers. Major cereals like Tef, Maize, Wheat, Sorghum and Barley occupy almost 1/3 of the cultivated area. In Ethiopia belg and meher are the two main crop seasons, which receive rainfall from February to June and from June to October, respectively. The meher crop season is the main season and produces 90-95 percent of the nation’s total cereals output, and the belg harvest provides the remaining 5-10 percent of cereal output. For the belg harvest, corn accounts from one-third to nearly one-half of the belg’s cereal production and the remaining belg output comprises of mostly short-cycle wheat, barley, and teff. coffee, sesame, chickpea, beans and sugarcane are some cash crops. Nearly 47% of the country’s 113 m ha land area is covered by semi-arid and dry sub-humid climatic zones

Spatial Distribution of croplands in Ethiopia

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Land use / land cover Area (ha)

01. Tef 39,83,045

02. Wheat 5,39,519

03. Wheat / Faba bean 13,10,152

04. Barely 8,49,443

05. Barely / Sorghum 16,82,131

06. Sorghum 8,58,706

07. Maize 25,36,256

08. Maize / Legumes 4,17,684

09. Millet / Beans 3,50,367

10. Rice 1,57,956

Land use / land cover Area (ha)

11. Oilseeds 4,96,611

12. Sugarcane/Mixed crops 3,98,824

13. Mixedcrops 40,25,481

14. Plantation 17,40,015

15. Rangeland/Fallow 93,13,844

16. Rangeland/Shrubland 2,91,80,912

17. Shrubland/Wasteland trees 3,35,11,055

18. Barren land/ Sand dunes 1,54,79,323

19. Waterbodies 7,01,454

20. Built-up 34,866

21. Forest 67,79,164

Land use / land cover Area (ha)

04. Barely 849,443

05. Barely/ Sorghum 1,682,131

06. Sorghum 858,706

Gumma MK1, Uppala D1, Thenkabail PS2, Xiong J2, Mohammed I1 , Tilahun A and Whitbread A1

1 International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics; 2 U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), Western Geographic Science Center, Flagstaff, AZ, USA. For more information: m.gumma@cgiar.org

01. Tef

02. Wheat

03. Wheat / Faba bean

04. Barley

05. Barley / Sorghum

06. Sorghum

07. Maize

08. Maize / Legumes

09. Millet / Beans

10. Rice

11. Oilseeds

12. Sugarcane / Mixedcrops

13. Mixedcrops

14. Plantation

15. Rangeland / Fallow

16. Waterbodies

Other LULC

Ethiopia province

Crop type : Barley, Sorghum

04. Barley

05. Barley/ Sorghum

06. Sorghum

Other Landuse

Othercrops

Ethiopia province