land use
DESCRIPTION
Land Use. Our urban world Forestry management Parks, Reserves, and Wildlands Agricultural land use. Urban environments. Created due to industrialization Require resources from other places Need natural land nearby for ecosystem services: water, air, waste - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Land Use
Our urban worldForestry management
Parks, Reserves, and WildlandsAgricultural land use
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Urban environments Created due to industrialization
Require resources from other places
Need natural land nearby for
ecosystem services: water, air, waste escape from stresses of daily urban life preservation for posterity
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Urban environments Includes larger and larger percentages of
the population
1850 – included 15% of US citizens1920 – included more than 50% of US citizensNow – includes more than 80% of US citizens
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Chicago area population growth
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Portland area population growth
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Urban Sprawl Why does this happen?
What are the positive and negative aspects of sprawl?
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What makes a city livable?
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Examples of livable cities Chicago area
Portland area
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Forest management Forests provide many resources and
services In US, management practices have
changed over time
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Westward expansion Development of resources – forests,
minerals, rangelands
Originally there was no land use planning
Deforestation began to occur
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Natural forests, 1620
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Natural forests, 1920
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Natural forests today
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Management strategies Clear cutting vs. selective cutting
Maximum sustainable yield
Ecosystem based management
Adaptive management
Public vs. private land
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US Forest Service Gifford Pinchot
Changing mission Timber for nation Multiple use management
Impact of road building
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US Forest Service and fires Changing opinions
on management
Total suppression Let it burn Prescribed burns Influence of climate
change
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US federal parks and reserves National parks:
Managed by National Park Service monuments, historic sites, wild and scenic
rivers, parks, and recreation areas Too many visitors?
National forests: Managed by US Forest Service Timber harvests Fire suppression
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US federal parks and reserves National wildlife refuges:
Managed by US Fish and Wildlife Service Variety of management styles
Preservation (Sevilleta NWR as example) Active manipulation
(Bosque del Apache NWR as example)
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Sevilleta Wildlife Refuge, NM
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Sevilleta Wildlife Refuge, NM
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Bosque del Apache Wildlife Refuge, NM
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Bosque del Apache Wildlife Refuge, NM
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Wilderness areas Should they exist?
Changing values Resources such as timber, oil, minerals? States rights?
Wilderness Act of 1964 Public lands can be set aside No development allowed
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What should parks look like? Many small or one large? Protection of biodiversity Wildlife corridors
What is practical?
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Agricultural land use 38% of land world-wide is agriculturally
used 2/3 of this is pasture land 1/3 of this is used for crops
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Crop production - feeding the world Industrial agriculture – green revolution
Inorganic fertilizers and synthetic pesticides Fossil fuels Genetically modified crops Monocultures Removal of wetlands
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What about sustainable agricultural practices? Soil management Irrigation practices Targeted fertilizer Integrated pest management No-till farming
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Livestock grazing ¼ of world land
Sustainable if at low intensity – think about Tragedy of the Commons
Use of public lands
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Some additional agricultural issues Feedlot agriculture (factory farming) Aquaculture Organic farming Buy local movement
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Making cities livable Planning and zoning Urban growth boundaries Smart growth New urbanism Transit options Parks