land savings account

7/31/2019 Land Savings Account

1/49

Jnn @hmambgh gnnx ma` pgnn

UM_ Uj| xwxu`b

_n`jx` vgxgu " luup;--sss!uj|jugmay`fmybx!hmb _jc` :

"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""

Njae Xjvgacx Jhhmau"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""Njae xjvgacx jhhmau gx jdga um bma`w xjvgacx jhhmau mp`yjuè iw ijadx!

Njae xjvgacx jhhmau gx j xi fmne`y mf bjga xjvgacx jhhmau!

Ga ul` py`xàu `hmambgh xwxu`b j p`yxmax my j hmbpjawx bma`w. bmvjin` my gbbmvjin`

pymp`yug`x,ngd` v`lghn`x. pnmux. fnjux. lmx`x. fjhumyg`x. hmbb`yhgjn `xujingxlbàux. njaex ùh!.'

xljy`x. fjbgnw uy``. gaxyjah` pmnghg`x jae jnn mul`y jxxùx jy` y`hmyeè. bjajcè jae ljaenè

iw egff`yàu e`pjyubàux. jcàhg`x my gaxuguugmax!

Iu ga ul` xcc`xuè UM_ Uj| xwxu`b bma`w. bmvjin` my gbbmvjin` pymp`yug`x ,ngd`

v`lghn`x. pnmux. fnjux. lmx`x. hmbb`yhgjn `xujingxlbàux. njaex ùh!.' xljy`x. fjbgnw uy``.

gaxyjah` pmnghg`x jae jnn mul`y jxxùx jy` y`hmyeè. bjajcè jae ljaenè ga j xgacn` jhhmau

hjnnè Bjga Xjvgacx Jhhmau ,BXJ' sgul fgv` fmne`yx ga hjx` mf gaegvgejnx jae ga Hmypmyju`Jhhmau Abi`yx ,HJA' sgul x`và fmne`yx ga hjx` mf hmbpjag`x slghl gxxè xljy`x fmy

pingh! Ul`x` jhhmaux BXJx. XXJx jae HJAx sgnn i` bjgaujgaè jae mp`yjuè iw ijadx

y`pnjhgac egff`yàu e`pjyubàux. uj| hmnn`hugma jae uj| àfmyh`bàu imjyex. jcàhg`x my

gaxuguugmax mf ul` py`xàu `hmambgh xwxu`b!

Ulx p`mpn`x bma`w. xljy`x. jnn bmvjin` jae gbbmvjin` pymp`yug`x sgnn i` ga manw ma`

jhhmau ,BXJ' sgul egff`yàu fmne`yx mp`yjuè iw ijadx! Xm bma`w. xljy`x jae jnn mul`y

bmvjin` jae gbbmvjin` pymp`yug`x hja i` xumyè. bjgaujgaè jae xè fymb ulgx xgacn`

jhhmau hjnnè Bjga Xjvgacx Jhhmau ,BXJ' sgul fgv` fmne`yx ga hjx` mf gaegvgejnx jae

Hmypmyju` Jhhmau Abi`yx ,HJA' sgul x`và fmne`yx ga hjx` mf hmbpjag`x slghl gxxè

xljy`x fmy pingh! Uyjaxf`y mf bma`w. xljy`x. bmvjin` jae gbbmvjin` pymp`yug`x. cmmex.x`yvgh`x. plwxghjn jae gau`nn`hujn smydx jy` xgbnuja`mxnw uyjaxf`yyè fymb ma` jhhmau um

jamul`y jhhmau slgn` pyhljxgac my iwgac!

:! Pxjc` mf Bjga Xjvgacx Jhhmau ,BXJ' " Ul`y` sgnn i` manw ma` hmbpnxmyw jaebjaejumyw BXJ fmy `jhl p`yxma cgvà iw ul` Cmv`yabàu! Ulgx BXJ sgnn ljv` fgv` fmne`yx fmy

`jhl xp`hgfgh pypmx` mf ja gaegvgejn!

Ul` fgyxu fmne`y ,ngzge bma`w fmne`y' sgnn i` xè fmy xumyjc` jae xjc` mf bma`w ,ga UM_ Uj|

xwxu`b gu gx hjnnè jx ngzge bma`w' cà`yjuè ulymcl xjvgacx-`jyagacx-gahmb`x-emajugmax!

Ulgx fmne`y mf BXJ hja jnxm i` xè um ya my mp`yju` jaw ixga`xx my gaexuyw msaè slmnnw iw

ja gaegvgejn!

Ul` x`hmae fmne`y ,gbbmvjin` pymp`yuw fmne`y-Njae Xjvgacx Jhhmau-NHJ' xljnni` xè fmy y`cgxuyjugma. xumyjc` jae xjc` mf msa`yxlgp ygclux mf jnn gbbmvjin` pymp`yug`x ngd`


2/49


UM_ Uj| xwxu`b

_n`jx` vgxgu " luup;--sss!uj|jugmay`fmybx!hmb _jc` 9

njaex. fnjux. pnmux. hmbb`yhgjn `xujingxlbàux. jae ùhù`yj! Ul` msa`yxlgp ygclux mf ul`x`

jxxùx sgnn i` uyjaxf`yyè fymb ma` p`yxmax NXJ um jamul`y p`yxmax NXJ slgn`

pyhljxgac-x`nngac-emajugac mf ul`x` gbbmvjin` pymp`yug`x!

Vgvge `|pnjajugma; " Ga ulgx xcc`xuè UM_ Uj| xwxu`b ul` gbbmvjin` pymp`yuw fmne`y-Njae Xjvgacx Jhhmau-NHJ xljnn i` ugngxè jx ul` e`"bju jhhmau mf ulju p`yxma fmymsa`yxlgp ygclux mf gbbmvjin` pymp`yug`x ngd` njaex. pnmux. fnjux. fjhumyg`x jae mul`y

`xujingxlbàux! Slgn` pyhljxgac my x`nngac. ul` uyjaxf`y mf msa`yxlgp ygclux mf ul`x`

jxxùx-pymp`yug`x fymb ma` p`yxma um jamul`y p`yxma xljnn i` bje` fymb ma` p`yxmax NXJ um

jamul`y p`yxmax NXJ ulymcl ijadx-x`yvgh` hàuy`x ga ja `n`huymagh-egcgujn fmyb! Xm ul`

uyjaxf`y mf jxxùx ngd` njaex. pnmux. fnjux. xuyhuy`x jae mul`y `xujingxlbàux sgnn ujd` pnjh` ga

plwxghjn fmyb pma ul` uyjaxf`y mf msa`yxlgp ygclu mf ulju jxxù ga egcgujn fmyb fymb ma` NXJ

,x`nn`y' um jamul`y NXJ ,iw`y'! Ga ngu`yjn xàx` ijadx sgnn vgyujnnw jhu jx hxumegjax fmy p`mpn`x

bma`w. xljy`x. jxxùx jae jnn bmvjin` jae gbbmvjin` pymp`yug`x! Ul` ijad iyjahl`x- ijadgac

x`yvgh` hàuy`x sgnn i` gau`ybègjyg`x iùs`à p`mpn` jae E`pmxgujyw. slm xlmne i` ae`y

fnn hmauymn. cmv`yaè. bmagumyè jae hl`hdè iw Hàuyjn Ijad mf ulju pjyughnjy hmauyw! UM_

Uj| xwxu`b xcc`xux ulju umujn njae y`hmye mf ul` hmauyw xlmne i` e`bju`ygjngxè jhhmyegac um

`|uàu. nmhjugma. bjppgac jae msa`yxlgp! Ul` njae i`nmacx um p`mpn` sgnn i` y`hmyeè ga ul`gy

y`xp`hugv` NXJx! Xgbgnjynw ul` njae ulju i`nmacx um Cmv`yabàu. Cmv`yabàu mycjagxjugmax.

hmbpjag`x xlmne i` y`hmyeè ga ul`gy y`xp`hugv` jhhmaux!

Pae`y ul` UM_ uj| xwxu`b ul` pyhljx` mf njaex. pnmux. fnjux my mul`y pymp`yug`x xlmne

i` bje` ulymcl Njae Xjvgacx Jhhmau ,NHJ'. ul` x`hmae fmne`y mf Bjga Xjvgacx Jhhmau

,BXJ' mp`yjuè iw ijadx! Gf jaw p`yxma iwx njae. pnmu. fnju my jaw mul`y pymp`yuw jawsl`y`

ga Gaegj ul` `|uàu jae ajuy` mf ul` pymp`yuw sgnn i` hyèguè ga lgx Njae Xjvgacx Jhhmau

jae ul` xjb` pymp`yuw sgnn i` eìguè fymb ul` x`nn`y Njae Xjvgacx Jhhmau ,NXJ'! Slà`v`yl`-xl` x`nnx jaw pymp`yuw ulju gx hyèguè ga lgx NXJ. ul` xjb` sgnn i` eìguè fymb lgx-l`y

Njae Xjvgacx Jhhmau jae ul` xjb` pymp`yuw sgnn i` hyèguè ga ul` iw`yx Njae Xjvgacx

Jhhmau ,NXJ'! Kxu ngd` xljy`x ul`y` sgnn i` am pjp`y emhbàux fmy pymp`yug`x! Pangd` hjxl

uyjaxf`yx ul` iw`yx py`xàh` jae xgcajuy`-julàughjugma xljnn jnxm i` a`èè fmy jaw

bmvjin` my gbbmvjin` pymp`yuw uyjaxjhugma!

Ul`y` sgnn i` am bnugpn` x`nngac mf ul` xjb` pymp`yuw um egff`yàu p`mpn` jae

ajulmygxè x`nngac-pyhljx` jae gnn`cjn mhhpjugma mf mul`y p`yxmax pymp`yuw sgulmu

lgx-l`y damsgac-hmaxàu sgnn amu i` pmxxgin`!

Jevjaujc`x mf Njae Xjvgacx Jhhmau;"

:! Njae h`gngac jhuGa ul` py`xàu xwxu`b yghl p`mpn` jy` ljvgac lc` uyjhux mf jcyghnuy` njaex ga egff`yàu

egxuyghux jae Xuju`x bjdgac bmhd`yw mf ul` njae h`gngac jhu! Ul` y`cgxuyjugmax mf njaex. fnjux.

pnmux jae mul`y pymp`yug`x jy` i`gac bje` iw ul` y`cgxuyjugma e`pjyubàux jae njae y`hmyex

jy` bjgaujgaè iw y`và` e`pjyubàux!

Ga ul` UM_ Uj| xwxu`b njae h`gngac jhu hja i` xuyghunw àfmyhè ma gaegvgejnx jae am

gaegvgejn hja ljv` bmy` ulja 9? jhy`x mf njae ga ul` àugy` hmauyw! @v`yw gaegvgejn sgnn

ljv` ma` Bjga Xjvgacx Jhhmau hmaxgxugac mf x`pjyju` fmne`y hjnnè Njae Xjvgacx Jhhmau fmy

jnn gbbmvjin` pymp`yug`x ngd` njaex. pnmux. fnjux. ùh!. Jnn gbbmvjin` pymp`yug`x. xgujuè

sl`y`v`y ga ul` hmauyw. jnmac sgul jnn eùjgnx mf Xyv`w abi`yx. imaejyg`x. e`xhygpugma.

ajuy`. bjp. c`m nmhjugma. vgnnjc`. egxuyghu. xuju`. `|uàu jae eju` mf x`nngac-iwgac mf `jhl

pymp`yuw mf `jhl p`yxma sgnn i` y`hmyeè jae bjgaujgaè ga Njae Xjvgacx Jhhmau ,NHJ'!


3/49


UM_ Uj| xwxu`b


Ul` Njae Xjvgacx Jhhmau sgnn i` mp`yjuè jae bjgaujgaè iw ijadx kxu ngd` bma`w xjvgacx

jhhmaux! Eìgux jae Hyègux mf jnn pymp`yug`x sgnn i` bje` ga ul` Njae Xjvgacx Jhhmau slgn`

j p`yxma iwx my x`nnx lgx pymp`yuw! Ul` umujn `|uàu mf njae y`hmyeè ga jnn Njae Xjvgacx

Jhhmaux i`nmacgac um p`mpn`. Cmv`yabàux. e`pjyubàux. mycjagxjugmax. hmbpjag`x.

gaxuguugmax ùh!. sgnn y`bjga `|jhunw ul` xjb` `và jfu`y hmaun`xx abi`y mf eìgux jae

hyègux `jhl ejw! Ul` umujn njae `|uàu ga `jhl Njae Xjvgacx Jhhmau sgnn a`v`y hymxx ul`

pp`y ngbgu mf 9? jhy`x xuyghunw jel`ygac um njae h`gngac jhu! Ul`y` hja i` jixmnu`nw am

bnugpn` x`nngac mf xjb` pymp`yuw um egff`yàu p`mpn`! UM_ Uj| xwxu`b àxy`x ulju ul` njae

h`gngac jhu hja i` gbpn`bàuè ga umujnguw um p`yf`hugma bjdgac Cmv`yabàux ujxd `jxg`y ga

pxlgac fmysjye njae y`fmybx jae jnnmhjugac njae um njaen`xx pmmy!

Ul`y` sgnn i` am pjp`y emhbàux fmy jnn bmvjin` jae gbbmvjin` pymp`yug`x! Làh` am

x`pjyju` y`cgxuyjugma jae y`và`x e`pjyubàux jy` a`èè ga ul` xcc`xuè UM_ Uj|

xwxu`b! Manw njae xyv`w e`pjyubàu smne xffgh` um bjyd jae hn`jy imaejyw egxpu`x!

9! Fjyb xixgeg`x4 " Ga py`xàu xwxu`b 7?% mf umujn fjyb xixgeg`x jy` i`gac cmiinè p iwyghl fjyb`yx ,:?%'. slgn` ul` xbjnn jae bjycgajn fjyb`yx ,7?%' jy` cùugac manw :?% mf umujn

fjyb xixgeg`x! Ulgx jambjnw hja i` umujnnw hl`hdè ga UM_ Uj| xwxu`b sl`y` Njae Xjvgacx

Jhhmau gx j xi"fmne`y mf Bjga Xjvgacx Jhhmau mp`yjuè iw ijadx! Jhhmyegac um y`hmyex ga

Njae Xjvgacx Jhhmaux. ul` umujn fjyb xixgeg`x ,:??%' smne y`jhl ul` xbjnn jae bjycgajn

fjyb`yx slgn` d``pgac jsjw yghl fjyb`yx fymb jnn xixgeg`x! L`y` yghl fjyb`yx b`jax

gaexuygjngxux. hmauyjhumyx. pymf`xxgmajnx. h`nìygug`x. gaegvgejnx. pmngughgjax. ixga`xx hnjxx.

xjnjygè hnjxx ,cmvu my pygvju`' ùh!. slmx` jaajn gahmb`x jy` bmy` ulja 9.??. ??? ,mul`y

ulja jcyghnuy` gahmb`'!

8! Fjyb nmjax4 " Ga ul` py`xàu xwxu`b cùugac fjyb nmjax iw fjyb`yx gx hbi`yxmb`.njimygmx. ugb` hmaxbgac jae iygi`yw ygeeà `|`yhgx`! Fjyb`yx a`è um cm fymb ma`

e`pjyubàu um jamul`y e`pjyubàu um cù njae emhbàux. `vjnjugma jae àhbiyjah`

h`yugfghju`x. y`và` h`yugfghju`x ùh!. jfu`y pjwgac l`jvw iygi`x! Fjyb`yx jy` i`gac fmyhè um

ujd` nmjax fymb pygvju` nàe`yx slm hljyc` lgcl gau`y`xu yju`x!

Iu Njae Xjvgacx Jhhmau sgnn bjd` bma`w imyymsgac iw fjyb`yx fymb ijadx xm bhl `jxw.

gaxujau. xbmmul. ugb`nw jae ugb` xjvgac `|`yhgx`! Iw xgac Njae Xjvgacx Jhhmaux ul` iyjahl

bjajc`yx hja xjahugma fjyb nmjax gaxujaunw ijxè ma njae y`hmyex ga ul` NHJx!

5! Gau`y`xu yju`x ma fjyb nmjaxGa ul` xcc`xuè UM_ Uj| xwxu`b ul` gau`y`xu yju`x ma fjyb nmjax. p um Yx!:?. ???. ??. sgnn i`

manw 9% p`y jaab jae 5% p`y jaab i`wmae Yx! :?.???.??!

0! Njae jhzgxgugma jae hmbpàxjugma4" Gf ja gaegvgejn my hmbpjaw jhzgy`x njae mfbmy` ulja 9? jhy`x mf njae fmy gaexuyw. xuegmx. y`jn `xuju` my jaw mul`y pypmx`. njae uj| mf

:?.??? p`y jhy` p`y jaab a`èx um i` n`vgè! Gf njae gx jhzgyè fmy X@[x ul` fjyb`yx xlmne

i` pjge amu manw ul` bjydù pygh` mf ul` njae iu jnxm Yx :.??? p`y jhy` p`y bmaul fmy y`xu mf

lgx-l`y ngf` jae ul`y`jfu`y um lgx-l`y n`cjn l`gy! Gu gx `jxg`y fmy nmhjn pjahljwjux.

baghgpjngug`x. hmypmyjugma um hmnn`hu lmx` uj|. vjhjau pnmu-njae uj| jae pymp`yug`x uj| jx jnn

ul` eùjgnx mf j p`yxmax pymp`yug`x jy` y`hmyeè ga lgx-l`y Njae Xjvgacx Jhhmau ,NXJ'!

6! Njae uyjaxf`y-y`cgxuyjugma-xujbp euw4" Ul` y`cgxuyjugma hljyc`x fmy pyhljxgac jaw

pymp`yuw g!`! njae. pnmu. fnju. lmx` my mul`y hmbb`yhgjn `xujingxlbàux sgnn i` xjb` jae`zjn jnn mv`y Gaegj gyy`xp`hugv` mf ul` pnjh` jae bjydù vjn` mf pymp`yuw! Ul` y`cgxuyjugma

hljyc`x smne i` manw Yx! :.??? p`y jhy`. Yx! :.??? p`y 8?? xzjy` wjyex mf pnmu my Yx :.???


4/49


UM_ Uj| xwxu`b


p`y :??? xzjy` f`ù mf fnju jae bnugpn`x ul`y`mf! Ul`x` y`cgxuyjugmax mf njae uyjaxf`yx hja

i` bje` ga jaw ijad jae jawsl`y` ga Gaegj! Gu gx a`èn`xx um bàugma ulju gf j p`yxma iwx j

pymp`yuw ,njae. pnmu. fnju. lmx`. hmbb`yhgjn `xujingxlbàu' fmy Yx! :? njdlx. j UM_ uj| mf Yx!

5?.??? sgnn i` eèhuè fymb lgx BXJ my XXJ slgn` uyjaxf`yygac ul` hjxl um ul` x`nn`yx

jhhmau! Gf l`-xl` iwx ul` xjb` pymp`yuw fmy Yx! : hymy` ul` eèhuè UM_ uj| sgnn i` Yx! 5

njdlx! Ga ul` hjx` j p`yxma uyjaxf`yx j pymp`yuw jx j cgfu um lgx-l`y xma-ejclu`y my jaw mul`y

p`yxma. uyxu my mycjagxjugma ul` UM_ uj| eèhuè sgnn i` agn jx ul`y` gx am hjxl uyjaxf`y

bje`!

Ul` ulgye fmne`y ,bmvjin` pymp`yuw fmne`y' xljnn i` ugngxè fmy msa`yxlgp ygclux mf jnn bmvjin`

pymp`yug`x ngd` v`lghn`x. cmne. k`s`nn`yw. jae ùhù`yj! Ul` msa`yxlgp ygclux mf ul`x` pymp`yug`x

sgnn i` uyjaxf`yyè fymb ma` p`yxmax BXJ um jamul`y p`yxmax BXJ slgn`

pyhljx`-xjn`-emajugma mf ul`x` bmvjin` pymp`yug`x! Ga ul` UM_ Uj| xwxu`b ul` bmvjin` jae

gbbmvjin` pymp`yug`x jy` hjnnè jx xmnge bma`w! Ul`x` pymp`yug`x ,xmnge bma`w' sgnn ljv` imulmsa`yxlgp ygclux jae ga plwxghjn àkmwbàu!

Ul` fmyul fmne`y ,xljy`x-xumhdx fmne`y' xljnn i` ugngxè fmy xumyjc` jae xjc` mf msa`yxlgp

ygclux mf xljy`x-xumhdx. imaex. e`ygvjugv`x ùh! Ul` msa`yxlgp ygclux mf ul`x` x`hygug`x sgnn i`

uyjaxf`yyè fymb ma` p`yxmax BXJ um jamul`y p`yxmax BXJ slgn` iwgac-x`nngac-emajugma!

Ul` xljy`x sgnn ljv` manw msa`yxlgp ygclux jae hjnnè jx x`bg xmnge bma`w!

Ul` fgful fmne`y ,fjbgnw fmne`y' xljnn i` ugngxè fmy fjbgnw eùjgnx jae hjnnè jx fjbgnw fmne`y!

Bjyygjc` y`cgxuyjugma jae hlgne igyul y`cgxuyjugmax sgnn i` bje` imul ga lxijae jae sgf`x

fjbgnw fmne`yx mf BXJx! Ijxè ma ul` eùjgnx ga ul` fjbgnw fmne`yx. bmaulnw yjugmax sgnn i`

hmbpuè jae uyjaxf`yyè `v`yw bmaul. ga ul` fmyb mf hjxl. egy`hunw gaum ul` sgf`x BXJx!

@v`yw hlgne sgnn cù lgx-l`y msa BXJ jhhmau ju ul` jc` mf :0 w`jyx! Ul` ijad xuju`bàu mfUl`fgful fmne`y ,fjbgnw fmne`y' mf BXJ mf jaw gaegvgejn hja i` ugngxè jx hjxu` jae gahmb`

h`yugfghju`. vmu`y ngxu. yjugma hjye jae pjxxpmyu! Gu hja i` miujgaè sgulga bgau`x fymb jaw

ijad jae fymb jawsl`y` ga ul` hmauyw! _`mpn` a`è amu pjw iygi`x um cù ul`x` h`yugfghju`x

my emhbàux fymb y`và` e`pjyubàu jae pjxxpmyu mffgh`x! Jnn faex jnnmhjuè umsjyex

s`nfjy` mf XHx. XUx jae IHx hja i` uyjaxf`yyè egy`hunw gaum ul` BXJx mf ul`x` x`hugmax

n`jvgac am ymmb fmy n`jdjc`x. iygi`x jae bgxjppympygjugma mf ul`x` faex!

Vgvge `|pnjajugma;" Jnn ul` eùjgnx mf j p`yxmax mhhpjugma. èhjugmajn zjngfghjugmax.

bjyygjc`. eygvgac nghàx`. pjxxpmyu. lgx-l`y ngf` pjyua`yx ajb`. _JA abi`y ,BXJ' ,jae vgh`

v`yxj'. hlgneyà jae ul`gy jc` ùh. sgnn i` y`hmyeè ga ul` fgful fmne`y,fjbgnw fmne`y' mf lgx-l`y

Bjga Xjvgacx jhhmau! Ul` pjyàux xlmne y`cgxu`y ul`gy hlgnex eùjgnx ga ul` ejuj y`hmye mful`gy Bjga Xjvgacx Jhhmau ,BXJ' sgulga uly`` bmaulx mf ul`gy hlgnex igyul! Mah` ul` hlgne

cùx ul` jc` mf :0 w`jyx l`-xl` sgnn jumbjughjnnw cù _JA jae BXJ! Ul` umujn hjy` jae s`nfjy`

mf ul` mypljax xlmne i` ujdà iw ul` Xuju` cmv`yabàux ugnn ul` hlgne y`jhl`x ul` jc` mf 9?

w`jyx!

Y`je fnn jyughn` fymb

luup;--sss!mpugbjnuj|jugma!aù

luup;--sss!uj|jugmay`fmybx!hmb

_mxuè iw VGKJWJ DYPXLAJ VJYBJ

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http://www.optimaltaxation.net/http://www.optimaltaxation.net/http://www.taxationreforms.com/http://www.taxationreforms.com/http://www.taxationreforms.com/http://www.optimaltaxation.net/


5/49


UM_ Uj| xwxu`b


G jb xcc`xugac a`s bùlmex. bme`nx. jae gaamvjugv` jae jnu`yajugv` pmnghg`x ga

ul` jy`jx mf bmaùjyw xwxu`b. iecù py`pjyjugma. ijadgac fgajah` xwxu`b. pingh fgajah`.

mpugbjn uj|jugma. uj| hmnn`hugma. uj| hmbpngjah`. xixgeg`x.bma`w xppnw. jae fgxhjn pmnghw um

l`np y`bmv` hmyypugma. uj| `vjxgma. `hmambgh y`h`xxgma. injhd bma`w. fjd` hyyàhw.

yjaxmbx. ymii`yg`x jae xmhgùjn ga`zjngug`x! Ga bw mpgagma. ul` pympmxè a`s `hmambgh

xwxu`b bjw xl`y ga cmme cmv`yajah`. :??% uj| hmbpngjah` jae hmyypugma fy`` àvgymabàu!

Gu xcc`xux j xgacn` uj| hjnnè UM_ Uj| ,Uyjaxf`y My _yhljx` Uj|' fmy imul Hàuy` jae Xuju`x

hmbigaè ga pnjh` mf py`xàu bnugpn` Gaegy`hu uj|`x sgul egff`yàu xnji yju`x ma egff`yàu

cmmex-hmbbmegug`x-x`yvgh`x jae bnugpn` Egy`hu uj|`x sgul egff`yàu xnji yju`x. y`ng`vgac 3

ignngma p`mpn` mf ul` smyne fymb ul` hmisì mf jbigcmx jae hmbpn`| uj| xuyhuy`x.

pnùlmyj mf uj| njsx. bjaejumyw jae hbi`yxmb` jhhmaugac. jegugac. uj| yùyax jae

hmax`zàu zjcbgy` mf jnn uj| y`njuè hjx`x! Uj|jugma. uj| hmnn`hugma. uj| àfmyh`bàu. uj|

hmbpngjah`. jnnmhjugma mf y`và`x um vjygmx bgagxuyg`x my e`pjyubàux jae bma`w xppnw gaum

ul` `hmambw jy` agfgè jae gau`cyjuè ga ul` ijadgac xwxu`b! Hgug{àx a`è amu bjgaujgax`pjyju` jhhmau immdx jae xibgu uj| yùyax jaajnnw fmy pjwgac `gul`y Egy`hu uj|`x ma

p`yxmajn gahmb`x my Gaegy`hu uj|`x slgn` yaagac ixga`xx my gaexuyw! Ulgx a`s `hmambgh

xwxu`b gavmnvgac j a`s uj| xwxu`b sgulmu bnugpn` uj|`x. uj| njsx. uj| hmnn`hugma

e`pjyubàux. uj| uygiajnx jae uj| àfmyh`bàu jcàhg`x. àvgxjc`x 9? um 8? % bmy`

y`và`x ulja py`xàunw jhhygac fymb bnugpn` uj|`x hmnn`huè iw egff`yàu uj| hmnn`hugma

e`pjyubàux-jcàhg`x! Ul` jvjgnjignguw mf y`xmyh`x jae hjpgujn fnmsx. a`èè fmy `hmambgh

y`hmv`yw. gx ul` x`nf"pygbgac hljyjhu`y mf ul` UM_ Uj| xwxu`b sgulmu Cmv`yabàux fgxhjn

xugbnx pjhdjc`x! Ulgx a`s `hmambgh xwxu`b xljnn i` mp`yjuè iw ijadx ju bgagbb

mp`yjugac hmxu sgul ngbguè pjp`y hyyàhw ,?!5%' jae e`bju`ygjngxè bma`w ,77!6%' mf ul`

umujn bma`w jvjgnjin` ga ul` `hmambw ga ul` pjyughnjy hmauyw. ul`yìw umujnnw `ngbgajugacinjhd bma`w. uj| `vjxgma. fjd` hyyàhw. hmyypugma jae `|umyugmax!

Pae`y ulgx a`s uj|jugma xwxu`b ul` uj| aù. hjxu iw ijadx. sgnn i` ul` iymje`xu sgul

jixmnu`nw am uj| `vjxgma. bjdgac gu pmxxgin` fmy ul` nms`xu uj| xnji yju` jae ul` hl`jp`xu

pygh`x mf hmbbmegug`x-x`yvgh`x! Ul` yègxuygiugma mf y`và`x fymb Cmv`yabàu um p`mpn` ga

ul` fmyb mf s`nfjy` xhl`b`x. xixgeg`x jae vjygmx y`ng`f faex sgnn i`hmb` `jxg`y sgulmu

n`jdjc`x. iygi`x jae bgxjppympygjugma! Jnulmcl ulgx a`s uj|jugma xwxu`b gx j ijxgh bme`n

xcc`xuè bjganw fmy Gaegj. ul` ijxgh hmah`pu mf uj|jugma. uj| hmnn`hugma jae uj| hmbpngjah`

bùlmex hja i` jempuè jae gbpn`bàuè iw jnn ul` e`v`nmpè jae e`v`nmpgac hmauyg`x jngd`

um ià`fgu 3 ignngma p`mpn` mf ul` smyne ga jnn xpl`y`x mf ul`gy ngv`x ga ma` fmyb my ul` mul`y!

Ulgx jyughn` hmaujgax x`và pjyux; """":! Uj| xuyhuy` jae egy`hu ià`fgux mf ul` UM_ Uj| xwxu`b!

9! Bùlme mf gbpn`bàujugma mf UM_ Uj| xwxu`b!

8! Bma`w xppnw jae bmaùjyw pmnghw

5! Mp`yjugac hmxu mf ul` UM_ Uj| xwxu`b!

0! Hmbpjyjugv` xuew mf Uj| y`và`x iùs`à py`xàu xwxu`b jae ul`

pympmxè UM_ Uj| xwxu`b!

6! Jevjaujc`x mf UM_ Uj| xwxu`b

3! Xbbjyw mf UM_ Uj| xwxu`b


7/49


UM_ Uj| xwxu`b


cmv`yabàu jx xjn um xjv` xbjnn xhjn` jae emb`xugh gaexuyg`x y`xp`hugv`nw! Xgbgnjynw ul`

`|hgx` euw ma ngzmy jae sga`x hja i` n`vgè iw ul` Xuju` cmv`yabàux jx ae`y ul` py`xàu

xwxu`b um galgigu l`jvw hmaxbpugma jae jeeghugma!

Egy`hu ià`fgux mf ul` xcc`xuè UM_ Uj| xwxu`b

Pae`y pympmxè UM_ Uj| xwxu`b ul`y` sgnn i` am Gahmb` Uj| jae mul`y Egy`hu uj|`x!

Ià`fgux;

Xm ae`y xcc`xu e UM_ Uj| xwxu`b. p`mpn` slm ljv` uj|jin` gahmb`x cmu fymb xjnjyw-

y`ba`yjugma-pymf`xxgmajn gahmb`-emajugma-cgfu-x`yvgh`-ixga`xx-gaexuyw sgnn ià`fgu jx ul`w

a`è amu pjw Gahmb` uj|-mul`y Egy`hu uj|`x jae xibgu Gahmb` Uj| yùyax jaajnnw! 3 ignngma

_`mpn` mf ul` smyne sgnn i` axljhdnè fymb jnn Egy`hu uj|`x. uj| njsx. uj| yjgex. uj| yùyax.

jhhmaugac jae jegugac!

Pae`y xcc`xuè UM_ Uj| xwxu`b ul`y` sgnn i` am Xjn`x Uj| ,VJU'. Hàuyjn @|hgx` Euw

,H@AVJU'. X`yvgh` Uj| jae jnn mul`y Gaegy`hu Uj|`x!

Ià`fgux;"

:! Bjydùx sgnn i` fnnw mpà sgulmu jaw lyen`x ngd` bnugpn` uj|`x. p`ybgux. nghàx`x. sjw

ignnx. jhhmaugac. jegugac. uj| yùyax jae uj| njsx! Uyje`yx. bjafjhuy`yx. uyjaxpmyu`yx.

e`jn`yx. yùjgn`yx. vàemyx. hmauyjhumyx. x`yvgh` pymvge`yx jae jnn mul`yx sgnn amu a`è um

bjgaujga jhhmau immdx. xjn`x ngxux. xumhd ngxux. sjw ignnx ùh! Am jhhmaugac. jegugac jae uj|

yùyax sgnn i` y`zgyè fmy gaegvgejnx slm ya ixga`xx my gaexuyw! Ul` py`xàu ejw uyje`

ijyyg`yx iùs`à bjafjhuy`yx jae hmaxb`yx4 iùs`à ul` Xuju`x sgulga ul` hmauyw jae

iùs`à ul` ajugmax hja i` umujnnw y`bmvè!

9! Ul`y`fmy` jnn ul` hl`hd pmxux. sgulga j UM_ Uj| xwxu`b gbpn`bàuè hmauyw. hja i`

umujnnw y`bmvè jnnmsgac fy`` bmv`bàu mf gaexuygjn cmmex-hmbbmegug`x jae jcyghnuy`

pymeh` fymb jawsl`y` um jawsl`y` ga ulju hmauyw jae ià`fguugac jnn fjyb`yx.

bjafjhuy`yx. uyje`yx jae bmy` gbpmyujaunw ul` hmaxb`yx!

8! Ul` àugy` uyhd msa`yx sgnn ià`fgu jx ul`w a`è amu pjw iygi`x ju hl`hd pmxux! Ul`w a`è

amu hjyyw sjw ignnx slgn` uyjaxpmyugac gaexuygjn cmmex jae jcyghnuy` pymeh` fymb ma`

pnjh` um jamul`y pnjh` ga ulju UM_ Uj| xwxu`b gbpn`bàuè hmauyw!

5! Ul` àugy` fjybgac hmbbaguw sgnn ià`fgu jx ul`w hja uyjaxpmyu ul`gy jcyghnuy` pymeh`

fymb jawsl`y` um jawsl`y` jae x`nn ul`gy pymeh` ju bjydù pygh`x!

0! Ul`y` sgnn i` am uj| hmnn`hugma `|pàeguy` fmy ul` Cmv`yabàux jae am uj| hmbpngjah`

hmxux fmy ul` p`mpn`! Wù. ul` uj| y`và`x fymb xgacn` uj| ,UM_ Uj|' sgnn i` 9? um 5?% bmy`

ulja umujn y`và`x py`xàunw jhhygac fymb jnn Egy`hu jae Gaegy`hu uj|`x hmnn`huè iw bnugpn`

uj| hmnn`hugma e`pjyubàux ju lc` `|pàeguy` fmy imul Xuju`x jae Hàuy` hmbigaè!6! Ul` uj| hmbpmaàu ma jaw hmbbmeguw. pymehu my x`yvgh` sgnn i` n`xx ulja ::% slgn` ul`

jv`yjc` uj| hmbpmaàu gx bmy` ulja 80% ga ul` py`xàu uj| xwxu`b!

3! Ul`y` sgnn i` jixmnu`nw am xhmp` fmy uj| `vjxgma jae gux iw pymehux ajb`nw injhd bma`w

jae hmyypugma!


8/49


UM_ Uj| xwxu`b

_n`jx` vgxgu " luup;--sss!uj|jugmay`fmybx!hmb _jc`


9/49


UM_ Uj| xwxu`b


yp``x bj|gbb p`y bmaul bjganw um iw ejgnw a`h`xxgug`x ngd` v`cùjin`x. bgnd. fygux. ègin`x.

cymh`yg`x. jae jnn mul`y xbjnn my nms vjnè gu`bx! J p`yxmax bj|gbb hjxl sguleyjsjn mf

0.??? p`y bmaul fymb lgx-l`y Bjga Xjvgacx Jhhmau ,BXJ' ulymcl ijad my JUB sgnn i` ga Yx

9?. Yx :? jae Yx! 0 amu`x manw! J p`yxma hja cù xmb` pmyugma mf lgx-l`y gahmb`x-`jyagacx

uyjaxf`yyè egy`hunw ga um BXJx mf lgx-l`y mul`y ama `jyagac fjbgnw b`bi`yx fymb xmyh` mf

lgx-l`y gahmb`x-`jyagacx xm ulju lgx-l`y fjbgnw hja sguleyjs bmy` hjxl ,hyyàhw' p`y bmaul!

@v`yw gaegvgejnx gahmb`x jae xjvgacx sgnn i` ga e`bju`ygjngxè fmyb ga lgx-l`y BXJ my XXJx!

Mul`y ulja hjxl sguleyjsjnx mf bj|gbb Yx! 0.??? p`y bmaul fymb lgx-l`y Bjga Xjvgacx

Jhhmau ,BXJ'. am p`yxma sgnn i` jnnmsè um sguleyjs hjxl fymb lgx-l`y Xi Xjvgacx Jhhmaux

,XXJ'! @v`yw ugb` j p`yxma iwx lgcl vjnè gu`bx. cmmex. v`lghn`x. njae. pnmu. fnju. cmne.

k`s`nn`yw. v`lghn`x my jaw mul`y bmvjin` my gbbmvjin` pymp`yuw. jvjgnx plwxghjn my gau`nn`hujn

x`yvgh`x my ga hjx` l`-xl` nàex. emaju`x bma`w um mul`yx. ulà l`-xl` a`èx um uyjaxf`y ul`

y`zgyè bma`w fymb lgx-l`y Xi Xjvgacx Jhhmau-Bjga Xjvgacx Jhhmau ulymcl hl`z`.

eìgu hjye my aù ijadgac ,manga` hjxl uyjaxf`yx'! Ixga`xxbà. uyje`yx. gaexuygjngxux sgnn ljvùm bjd` ul`gy hjxl uyjaxf`yx fmy jnn uyjaxjhugmax ulymcl hl`z`. eìgu hjye my aù ijadgac

,manga` hjxl uyjaxf`y' fymb ul`gy Xi Xjvgacx Jhhmaux-Bjga Xjvgacx Jhhmau! Xgbgnjynw j

p`yxmax xjnjyw my y`ba`yjugma my pymf`xxgmajn f`` jae jnn lgx-l`y gahmb`x fymb ixga`xx my

gaexuyw sgnn i` hyèguè um ul`gy Xi Xjvgacx Jhhmaux my Bjga Xjvgacx Jhhmau ulymcl

hl`z`x. eìgu hjye my aù ijadgac ,manga` hjxl uyjaxf`yx'! Jnn uly`` jhhmaux ajb`nw HJA. XXJ

jae BXJ hja i` ugngxè um y`h`gv`. pjw my xumy` gahmb`x-`jyagacx-xjvgacx-emajugmax-nmjax!

Iu hjxl hja i` sguleyjsa manw fymb BXJ ,gf jvjgnjin`' p um bj|gbb Yx! 0??? p`y bmaul

p`y p`yxma! Ul` y`bjgagac jvjgnjin` bma`w ,e`bju`ygjngxè fmyb' fymb BXJ hja i` xè my

xpàu ulymcl eìgu hjye. hl`z` my manga` hjxl uyjaxf`y!

Fmy `v`yw uyjaxf`y mf jbmau. j 5% Uyjaxf`y My _yhljx` uj| ,UM_ Uj|' mf ulju jbmau sgnn i`jumbjughjnnw eèhuè fymb lgx-l`y BXJ-XXJ jhhmau! Ulgx 5% uj| jbmau ma `v`yw hjxl

uyjaxjhugma ulymcl BXJ-XXJ-HJA fymb jnn ijadx ga j pjyughnjy Xuju` sgnn cm um ul` hmbigaè

jhhmau mf Xuju` jae Hàuy` ga ulju pjyughnjy Xuju`! 8?% mf ulgx jbmau fymb `v`yw Xuju` jae

Hàuy` hmbigaè jhhmau ,XJHHJ' sgnn cm um Hàuyjn cmv`yabàu pmmn jhhmau! Ul` y`bjgagac

3?% sgnn i` yùjgaè iw ul` y`xp`hugv` Xuju` cmv`yabàux! Ulgx 5% Uyjaxf`y My _yhljx` ,UM_

uj|' hja i` yèhè um 9% sgulga 5 w`jyx fymb ul` jempugma mf ulgx UM_ uj| xwxu`b iw yèhgac

?!0? ijxgx pmgaux p`y w`jy! Ulgx sgnn fyul`y yèh` ul` pygh`x mf ul` hmbbmegug`x ià`fguugac

hmaxb`yx! Jnn cmv`yabàu jhhmaux jae ijadx sgnn ljv` um i` `|`bpuè fymb ulgx UM_ uj|!

Vgvge `|pnjajugma; Ulgx 5% Uyjaxf`y My _yhljx` Uj| ,UM_ Uj|' ma `jhl hjxl uyjaxf`y.

gyy`xp`hugv` mf ul` y`jxma fmy xhl uyjaxf`y ,pyhljx`. cgfu. emajugma. xjnjyw-y`ba`yjugma myjaw mul`y pypmx`'. mp`yjuè ulymcl Bjga Xjvgacx Jhhmaux ,BXJ'- Xi Xjvgacx Jhhmaux

,XXJ'- Hmypmyju` Jhhmau Abi`yx ,HJA'. jae mp`yjuè iw jaw ijad my x`yvgh` hàuy`. sgnn i`

jumbjughjnnw eèhuè fymb ulju jhhmau jae uyjaxf`yyè um Xuju` jae Hàuy`x hmbigaè

jhhmau ,XJHHJ'! Ul` UM_ Uj| sgnn i` ul` xjb` jae agfmyb ulymclmu ul` hmauyw ma jnn hjxl

uyjaxf`yx bje` ulymcl manga`-hl`z`-EE fymb jnn jhhmaux umsjyex pyhljx`. cgfu. emajugma.

jae xjnjyw-f``-y`ba`yjugma! Xm ga ul` xcc`xuè UM_ Uj| xwxu`b ul` uj| ijx` sgnn i` ul`

njyc`xu um ljv` ul` bgagbb xnji yju` jae ul` nms`xu uj| hmbpmaàu ma `jhl

hmbbmeguw-x`yvgh`! _`mpn` sgnn cù hmbbmegug`x-x`yvgh`x ju ul` nms`xu pygh`x ulja ga ul`

py`xàu xwxu`b! Fyul`ybmy` ul` umujn y`và`x cà`yjuè fymb UM_ Uj| fymb jnn hjxl

uyjaxf`yx fymb jnn jhhmaux sgnn i` bmy` ulja emin` ulja ul` hmbigaè y`và`x mf jnn Xuju`xjae Hàuy` cmu fymb py`xàu bnugpn` uj|`x sgul egff`yàu xnji yju`x! Sgul ngbguè pjp`y

hyyàhw jae e`bju`ygjngxè bma`w ga ul` UM_ uj| xwxu`b. `v`yw uyjaxjhugma sgnn i`


10/49


UM_ Uj| xwxu`b

_n`jx` vgxgu " luup;--sss!uj|jugmay`fmybx!hmb _jc` :?

uyjaxpjyàu e`pghugac ul` jhujn CE_ mf ul` hmauyw! Ga ngu`yjn xàx`. `v`yw pyhljx`. cgfu.

emajugma jae jnn uwp`x mf pjwbàux sgnn ljv` um i` hjyygè ulymcl manga` hjxl uyjaxf`yx fymb

ma` jhhmau um jamul`y jhhmau i`hjx` mf ngbguè pjp`y hyyàhw! Ul` umujn y`và`x cmu

fymb UM_ Uj| sgnn i` jppym|gbju`nw `zjn um 8|5 %, :9%' mf jhujn vjn` mf ul` CE_ mf ulju

hmauyw ga ul` bjafjhuy`y. e`jn`y. yùjgn`y jae hmaxb`y hljga! Jx cmmex. hmbbmegug`x.

x`yvgh`x. emajugmax. plwxghjn jae gau`nn`hujn smdx hljac` ljaex ga ul` bjafjhuy`y. e`jn`y.

yùjgn`y jae hmaxb`y hljga e`bju`ygjngxè bma`w sgnn i` uyjaxf`yyè fymb ma` jhhmau um

jamul`y jhhmau hmyy`xpmaegacnw! Ulx `v`yw hjxl uyjaxf`y umsjyex pyhljx`. cgfu. emajugma.

xjnjyw-y`ba`yjugma my jaw mul`y pypmx` sgnn i` jhhmauè jae sgulga ul` xwxu`b `ngbgajugac

ae`ycymae-xljems-ay`pmyuè-lgeeà uyjaxjhugmax mp`yjuè iw plwxghjn hyyàhw cmu fymb

injhd bma`w jae fjd` hyyàhw ga ul` py`xàu `hmambgh xwxu`b! Ga ul` py`xàu xwxu`b ul`

pjyjnn`n `hmambw. i`gac ya iw injhd bma`w jae fjd` hyyàhw. gx mixhygac ul` y`jn CE_ jae

ljbp`ygac my nms`ygac ul` hmnn`hugma mf y`và`x! Ul` UM_ Uj| xwxu`b sgnn `ngbgaju` ul` injhd

bma`w jae fjd` hyyàhg`x ju ma` cm jae e`pghu ul` `|jhu CE_ mf ul` hmauyw! Ul` mul`y xjngàuf`juy` mf ul` UM_ Uj| xwxu`b gx ul` iùu`y `hmambgh bjajc`bàu jae jxu`yguw! Ul`

gaegvgejnx. slm ya ixga`xx my gaexuyw. sgnn i` y`ng`vè fymb jbigcmx uj| xuyhuy`x.

pnùlmyj mf uj| njsx. jae bjaejumyw xjn`x ngxux. xumhd ngxux. jhhmaugac. jegugac jae uj| yùyax!

Ga jeegugma um ul` Uyjaxf`y My _yhljx` ,UM_' uj|. j _ymfgu Uj| ,_U' mf 8?% smne i` n`vgè jae

jumbjughjnnw eèhuè mah` j w`jy ma ul` bgagbb jbmau y`hmyeè ga ul` fgajahgjn w`jy mf

Bjga Xjvgacx Jhhmau ,BXJ' jae `jhl Xi Xjvgacx Jhhmau ,XXJ'. gf jaw. mf `v`yw hgug{à! Ul`

fgajahgjn w`jy mf ul` BXJ mf j p`yxma i`cgax ju ul` eju` ul` Cmv`yabàu jnnmux lgb-l`y ul`

BXJ! Ul` fgajahgjn w`jy mf ul` Xi Xjvgacx Jhhmau ,XXJ' sgnn i`cga ju ul` eju` j p`yxma

hlmmx`x um mpà lgx-l`y XXJ! Ulgx _ymfgu Uj| ,_U' gx ja jhhmau ijxgh jae gu gx umujnnw gyy`n`vjau

slm msax ulju jhhmau ,BXJ-XXJ'! Ul` _ymfgu Uj|. 8?% mf bgagbb ijnjah` jbmau y`hmyeèga ul` BXJ jae `jhl XXJ ,gf jaw' mf `v`yw p`yxma. sgnn i` jumbjughjnnw eèhuè ma ul` njxu

ejw mf ul` fgajahgjn w`jy mf ulju BXJ jae XXJ ,gf jaw' mf `jhl p`yxma! Ul` _ymfgu uj| ga ul` a`|u

fgajahgjn w`jy mf ulju pjyughnjy BXJ-XXJ sgnn i` n`vgè ma ul` bgagbb ijnjah` y`hmyeè mf

ulju w`jy bgax ul` py`vgmx w`jyx uj|è jbmau mf ulju pjyughnjy BXJ-XXJ gcamygac ul`

bj|gbb jbmau. lms`v`y lc` bjw i`! Ulx ul` eèhuè _ymfgu uj|. 8?% mf bgagbb

ijnjah` jbmau y`hmyeè ga ul` BXJ jae `jhl XXJ ,gf jaw' mf `v`yw p`yxma ga j pjyughnjy

Xuju`. sgnn i` uyjaxf`yyè um ulju Xuju` jae hàuy`x hmbigaè jhhmau ,XJHHJ'! Ul` hmbigaè

uj|`x mf UM_ Uj| jae _ymfgu uj|. hmnn`huè ga `v`yw Xuju` jae Hàuy`x hmbigaè jhhmau

,XJHHJ'. sgnn ljv` um i` xljyè iùs`à ulju pjyughnjy Xuju` jae Hàuy` ga ul` yjugm mf ulju

pjyughnjy Xuju` cùugac 3?% jae Hàuy` 8?%! Làh` ul` umujnnw mpugmajn jae jvmgejin` _ymfguUj| sgnn àxy` ulju ul` bma`w sgnn i` hmaxujaunw pbpè ijhd gaum xwxu`b d``pgac ul`

`hmambgh cymsul ju l`jnulw yju`! Ga ul` py`xàu xwxu`b ul` lc` injhd bma`w. cà`yjuè iw

lgeeà-xljems jhhmaux. hmbigaè sgul lc` fjd` hyyàhw gx pnjwgac ljvmh sgul my

`hmambw! I`xge`x ul`x` usm uj|`x ajb`nw UM_ Uj|. jae _ymfgu uj| slghl hja i` jvmgejin`. ul`

Hàuyjn Cmv`yabàu xljnn gbpmx` ul` hxumbx euw ,gbpmyu euw' jae Hmypmyjugma uj| jx ga ul`

`|gxugac xwxu`b! @|h`pu ul`x` fmy uj|`x. ul` UM_ Uj| xwxu`b xcc`xux y`bmvjn mf jnn mul`y

Egy`hu uj|`x. Gaegy`hu uj|`x jae vjygmx xyhljyc`x n`vgè ga ul` py`xàu xwxu`b!

Ul` fmnnmsgac usm ujin`x hn`jynw gnnxuyju` lms umujnnw jvmgejin` _ymfgu Uj| gx eèhuè fymb

XXJ jae BXJ mf j p`yxma ma bgagbb ijnjah` jbmaux y`hmyeè ga `jhl fgajahgjn w`jy

`|hnegac ul` py`vgmx my njxu uj|è jbmau!


11/49


UM_ Uj| xwxu`b

_n`jx` vgxgu " luup;--sss!uj|jugmay`fmybx!hmb _jc` ::

@|jbpn`:; Gu xlmsx lms ul` _ymfgu uj| ma bgagbb ijnjah` jbmaux y`hmyeè `jhl w`jy

`|hnegac ul` py`vgmx my njxu uj|è jbmau sgnn i` eèhuè fymb `jhl Xi Xjvgacx jhhmau

,XXJ' mp`yjuè iw j ijad-x`yvgh` hàuy` gyy`xp`hugv` mf ul` fjhu ulju slm lmnex ulju jhhmau!

W`jy

Bgagbb

ijnjah` mf

ul` w`jy

Bj|gbb

Ijnjah` mf

ul` w`jy

_ymfgu Uj| ,_U' ma ul` Bga!

Jbu! Ul` njxu uj|è jbmau

Aù _ymfgu Uj|

,_U'Eèhuè

9??3"?< :?.??? 0?.??.??? 8?% mf :?.??? 8.???!??

9??


12/49


UM_ Uj| xwxu`b

_n`jx` vgxgu " luup;--sss!uj|jugmay`fmybx!hmb _jc` :9

y`ba`yjugma a`è um xibgu Gahmb` Uj| yùyax jaajnnw! Iu UM_ Uj| xwxu`bx _ymfgu uj|

b`jax gu sgnn i` gbpmxè ma p`yxmax gahmb`x cmu ulymcl xjnjyw. y`ba`yjugma. ixga`xx.

gaexuyw. emajugmax jae cgfux jfu`y ngi`yjnnw xè my xpàu ma `|pàeguy`-xpàegac. vjygmx

gav`xubàux. cgfux jae emajugmax! _ymfgu uj| mf 8?% ma bgagbb ijnjah` y`hmyeè ga ul`

fgajahgjn w`jy mf `jhl Xi Xjvgacx jhhmau ,XXJ' my Bjga Xjvgacxjhhmau ,gyy`xp`hugv` mf ul`

lmne`y mf ulju jhhmau' mp`yjuè iw jaw ijad-x`yvgh` hàuy` sgnn i` eèhuè ma ul` njxu ejw mf

ul` fgajahgjn w`jy mf ulju pjyughnjy XXJ my BXJjae sgnn i` uyjaxf`yyè um Xuju` jae Hàuy`x

hmbigaè jhhmau ,XJHHJ'! Ul` _ymfgu uj| ga ul` a`|u fgajahgjn w`jy mf ulju pjyughnjy BXJ-XXJ

sgnn i` n`vgè ma ul` bgagbb ijnjah` y`hmyeè mf ulju w`jy bgaxul` py`vgmx w`jyx uj|è

jbmau mf ulju pjyughnjy BXJ-XXJ gcamygac ul` bj|gbb jbmau. lms`v`y lc` bjw i`!

_n`jx` ae`yxujae ulju bgagbb ijnjah` y`hmyeè ga ul` fgajahgjn w`jy mf `jhl Xi Xjvgacx

jhhmau ,XXJ' my Bjga Xjvgacx jhhmau b`jax ul` bma`w axè my xujcajuè fmy bmy` ulja

ma` w`jy! Ga ul` a`|u fgajahgjn w`jy mf ul` BXJ my XXJ. ul` _ymfgu Uj| sgnn i` n`vgè ma ul`

jeegugmajn axè my xujcajuè bma`w mv`y ul` py`vgmx uj|è jbmau! Ulju b`jax ul`y` sgnni` am y`hyygac pymfgu uj| ma axè my xumyè bma`w! Mah` uj|è. ul` axè bma`w hja i`

xpàu jae y`hljycè-y`xumyè sgulmu i`gac y` uj|è fmy ul` àugy` ngf` mf ulju jhhmau! Ga ul`

hjx` mf hjpgujn cjgax fymb j xjn` mf jaw pymp`yuw my jxxù. j p`yxma sgnn ljv` j bgagbb mf 865

ejwx jae bj|gbb mf : w`jy jae 865 ejwx p`ygme um jvmge _ymfgu Uj| fymb xjn` pymh`èx

,hjpgujn cjgax' um y`gav`xu! Xgbgnjynw 5% Uyjaxf`y My _yhljx` uj| ,UM_ Uj|'. ga ng` mf py`xàu jnn

gaegy`hu uj|`x jae vjygmx xyhljyc`x. sgnn i` eèhuè fymb `v`yw bma`w uyjaxf`y ga `jhl Xi

Xjvgacx Jhhmau my Bjga Xjvgacx Jhhmau gyy`xp`hugv` mf ul` fjhu ulju slm`v`y lmnex ulju

jhhmau jae ma slju pypmx` ul` jbmau ljx i`à uyjaxf`yyè ,pyhljx`. cgfu. emajugma.

xjnjyw-y`ba`yjugma my jaw mul`y pypmx`' mp`yjuè iw jaw ijad my x`yvgh` hàuy` jae

uyjaxf`yyè um Xuju` jae Hàuy`x hmbigaè jhhmau ,XJHHJ'! Ulx jnn gaegvgejnx slm `jyaulymcl xjnjyg`x. y`ba`yjugmax. cgfux. jae emajugmax sgnn a`è amu pjw gahmb` uj| jae

xibgu gahmb` uj| yùyax jaajnnw! Ulx p`mpn` sgnn i` y`ng`vè fymb ul` hmisì mf py`xàu

jbigcmx jae hmbpn`| uj| xuyhuy`x. pnùlmyj mf uj| njsx. bjaejumyw jae hbi`yxmb`

jhhmaugac. jegugac jae uj| yùyax. jae hmax`zàu zjcbgy` mf jnn uj| y`njuè hjx`x!

Lms um jvmge _ymfgu uj|; """""""""""""""

@v`yw p`yxma sgnn ljv` ul` fmnnmsgac mpugmax um jvmge _ymfgu Uj| mf 8?% i`gac eèhuè fymb

lgx-l`y Bjga Xjvgacx Jhhmau jae Xi Xjvgacx Jhhmaux!

L`-xl` hja iw njaex p um 9? jhy`x mf njae. angbguè abi`y mf fnjux. hmbb`yhgjn

`xujingxlbàux jae mul`y pymp`yug`x jx l`-xl` sgxl`x! Ulgx àjin`x y`jn `xuju` x`humy cymsx ju

fjxu`y yju` jae lmx` yàux sgnn hmb` emsa xixujaugjnnw ià`fguugac fjbgng`x slm ljv` am msa

lmx`x!

L`-xl` hja iw angbguè abi`y mf xljy`x jx l`-xl` sgxl`x !@và ulmcl l`-xl` nmmx`x j 5%

mf xljy` vjn` jx UM_ Uj| slgn` uyjaxf`yygac hjxl fymb lgx-l`y jhhmau xugnn l`-xl` cùx

ià`fguè fymb 8?% _ymfgu Uj| i`gac eèhuè! Xm p`mpn` sgnn nmmd mu fmy ul` hmbpjag`x slghl

e`hnjy` egvgeàex `v`yw w`jy! Ul`w jnxm xuew hjy`fnnw ul` faejbàujnx mf ul` hmbpjaw ngd`

ul` immd vjn`. @_X. _-@ yjugm. pymfgux. egvgeàex. y`x`yv`x. ngjigngug`x ùh! i`fmy` iwgac xljy`x!

Ga ulgx xhàjygm ul` xumhd bjydùx sgnn cyms ju xu`jew yju` jae ul`y` sgnn i` am bjydù hyjxl`x

ams jae ulà jx s` jy` `|p`ygàhgac ae`y py`xàu xwxu`b!

L`-xl` hja nàe bma`w um mul`yx slm jy` ga a`è! @và ulmcl l`-xl` nmmx`x 5% mf bma`w jx

UM_ Uj| slgn` uyjaxf`yygac hjxl l`-xl` cùx ià`fguè iw cùugac 5% gau`y`xu ma ul` nmja


13/49


UM_ Uj| xwxu`b


jbmau `v`y w`jy! Ga ul` pymh`xx ul` nmja`yx ,nmja ujd`yx' sgnn cù nmjax ju hl`jp`y yju` slà

hmbpjyè um py`xàu xwxu`b!

L`-xl` hja xùp gaexuyg`x. xujyu ixga`xx`x um jvmge _ymfgu uj|! Xm ga ulgx pymh`xx lc`

`bpnmwbàu mppmyuagug`x sgnn i` cà`yju e! Xm ga ul` àxgac hmbpùgugma. hmbbmegug`x

pygh`x sgnn i`hmb` bhl hl`jp`y!

L`-xl` hja uyjaxf`y hjxl fymb lgx-l`y BXJ-XXJx um jamul`y ma` mf lgx-l`y Xi Xjvgacx

Jhhmaux my um lgx sgf`x-l`y lxijaex XXJx um jvmge _ymfgu uj|! L`-xl` hja emaju` lc`

jbmaux um mycjagxjugmax-hljygujin` uyxux gf l`-xl` sgxl`x! Ga ulgx pymh`xx l`-xl` sgnn nmx` 5%

mf ulju uyjaxf`yyè hjxl ga ul` fmyb mfUmp Uj|!

L`-xl` hja gav`xu ga vjygmx Ngf` Gaxyjah` xhl`b`x! Ju ul` àe mf ul` bjuyguw p`ygme ul`w sgnn

cù manw ul` jhujn umujn py`bgb jbmau pjge sgulmu jaw gau`y`xu! Iu ga hjx` mf py`bjuy`

e`jul my lmxpgujngxjugma e` um gnna`xx fnn gaxyè jbmau sgnn i` pjge jx ga ul` py`xàu xwxu`b!

Vgvge `|pnjajugma; " Ul` UM_ Uj| xwxu`bx uj| hmnn`hugmax ,UM_ Uj| jae _ymfgu uj|' fmy

Cmv`yabàu jae uj| pjwbàux-uj| hmbpngjah` iw jnn hgug{àx sgnn i` umujnnw jumbjugh jaegavmnaujyw kxu ngd` y`xpgyjumyw xwxu`b ga lbja imew! @v`yw jhhmau ,BXJ-XXJ-HJA' gx ja

gavmnaujyw uj|pjwgac jhhmau! Hgug{àx a`è amu bjgaujga x`pjyju` jhhmau immdx jae

xibgu uj| yùyax jaajnnw fmy pjwgac `gul`y Egy`hu uj|`x ma p`yxmajn gahmb`x my Gaegy`hu

uj|`x slgn` yaagac ixga`xx my gaexuyw! Ul` xgacn` uj| aù ,Uyjaxf`y My _yhljx` uj|'

xpy`jex jnn jhhmaux jae àugy` ajugma sgulmu imul`ygac jimu slm lmnex ulju jhhmau! Ulgx

sgnn pu ul` uj| hmbpmaàu mf cmmex-x`yvgh`x ju kxu ma` ulgye mf uj| hmbpmaàu mf ul`

`|gxugac xwxu`b! I`xge`x ulju ul`y` sgnn i` am uj| hmnn`hugma `|pàeguy` fmy ul` Cmv`yabàu

jae jixmnu`nw am uj| hmbpngjah` hmxu fmy pjwgac `gul`y Egy`hu uj|`x ma p`yxmajn gahmb`x my

Gaegy`hu uj|`x slgn` yaagac ixga`xx my gaexuyw! Ul` Uyjaxf`y My _yhljx` uj| ,5%' sgnn i`

eèhuè jumbjughjnnw iw hmbpu`y xwxu`bx mf ijadx ma jnn bma`w uyjaxf`yx fymb ma`jhhmau um jamul`y jhhmau bje` ulymcl hl`z`. eìgu hjye. EE my manga` uyjaxf`yx

gyy`xp`hugv` mf ul` fjhu ulju slm lmnex ulju jhhmau jae fmy slju pypmx` ulju bma`w

uyjaxf`yx ljv` i`à bje`! Ulx uj| hmnn`hugma jae uj| hmbpngjah` sgnn gavjygjinw i`hmb` ma`

jae xjb`! Ulgx jumbjugh uj| pjwbàu jae uj| hmnn`hugma xwxu`b àxy`x ulju ul`y` sgnn i`

am y`và` n`jdjc`x. ajhhmauè gahmb`x jae s`jnul! Ul`y` sgnn i` am a`è fmy

Cmv`yabàux um ya x`pjyju` uj| hmnn`hugma e`pjyubàux jae uj| àfmyh`bàu jcàhg`x jae

e`pjyubàux um x`` jae v`ygfw jhhmaux mf jnn uj|jin` hgug{àx! Xgbgnjynw p`mpn` a`è amu

`bpnmw jhhmaujaux my uj| hmaxnujaux um pjw `gul`y Egy`hu uj|`x my Gaegy`hu uj|`x my um

xibgu uj| yùyax! Ul` pnùlmyj mf uj| njsx. ulju jy` àjhuè jae i`gac xè ga ul` py`xàu

xwxu`b um àfmyh` uj| pjwbàux. sgnn amu i` a`h`xxjyw ju jnn ga ul` UM_ Uj| xwxu`b! Ul`bgnngmax mf uj| y`njuè n`cjn hjx`x. slghl jy` `bjajuè fymb ama hmbpngjah` mf uj|`x jae

ajhhmauè gahmb`x. jae hlmdgac ul` keghgjn xwxu`bx mf jnn ajugmax. sgnn amu i` x`à ga ul`

UM_ Uj| xwxu`b! Ulgx gx lms ul` UM_ Uj| xwxu`b smydx jae l`npx imul Cmv`yabàu ga Egy`hu

jae Gaegy`hu uj| hmnn`hugmax sgulmu uj| njsx jae àfmyh`bàu. jae hgug{àx ga pjwgac uj|`x

gavmnaujygnw sgulmu uj| hmbpngjah` ,jhhmaugac. jegugac. uj| yùyax ùh!.' hmxux!

Ul` hmnn`huè uj| y`và`x mf UM_ Uj| jae _ymfgu Uj| iw ijadx sgnn cm um Cmv`yabàu

jhhmaux ,XJHHJ'! Ul`x` y`và`x sgnn i` uyjaxf`yyè um vjygmx e`pjyubàux-bgagxuyg`x

jhhmyegac um ul` p`yhàujc`x jx jnnmhjuè um ul`x` e`pjyubàux-bgagxuyg`x ju ul` iecù

py`xàujugma! Ulgx p`yhàujc` mf jnnmhjugmax um vjygmx e`pjyubàux-bgagxuyg`x hja i`

hljacè fymb ugb` um ugb` e`pàegac pma ul` a`h`xxguw. a`è. ycàhw jae `b`ycàhw mful` xgujugma ulju jygx` a`|p`huènw! Jx xujuè `jyng`y ul` y`và` cà`yjugma sgnn i`

xbmmul. `jxw jae hmaugamx pymh`xx ju bgagbb iyeà ma p`mpn` bjdgac gu pmxxgin` fmy


14/49


UM_ Uj| xwxu`b


ul` xgbpngfgè iecù py`xàujugma! Ul` hmnn`hugma mf y`và`x fymb p`mpn` um Cmv`yabàu

jae uyjaxf`y mf ul`x` y`và`x fymb Cmv`yabàu um p`mpn` ulymcl vjygmx

bgagxuyg`x-e`pjyubàux-jcàhg`x gx xbmmul. ljxxn` fy`` jae hmaugamx pymh`xx sgulmu

n`jdjc`x. uj| hmnn`hugma. uj| àfmyh`bàu jae uj| hmbpngjah` hmxux!

Ga ul` py`xàu `hmambgh xwxu`b Egy`hu jae Gaegy`hu uj|`x jy` i`gac pjge iw hgug{àx

ijxè ma ul` jhhmaux py`pjyè iw ul`b jae ul`y` gx hmbbma fgajahgjn w`jy fmy jnn hgug{àx

um xibgu ul`gy jhhmaux jae Gahmb` uj| yùyax! Iu ga ul` UM_ Uj| xwxu`b. UM_ Uj| jae

_ymfgu uj| sgnn i` ma jhhmau ijxgh! Ul` fgajahgjn w`jy mf `jhl jhhmau XXJ-HJA i`cgax ju ul`

eju` gu gx mpàè jae ul` fgajahgjn w`jy mf BXJ sgnn i`cga ju ul` eju` ul` Cmv`yabàu jnnmux

BXJ um `jhl hgug{à ju ul` jc` mf :0! Gu em`xau bjuu`y bhl slju ul` fgajahgjn w`jy mf `jhl

jhhmau gx! Ul` abi`y mf jhhmaux ulju i`cga my àe `jhl ejw gx jppym|gbju`nw `zjn um ul`

umujn abi`y mf jhhmaux mp`yjuè iw jnn ijadx ga ulju hmauyw egvgeè iw 860! Ul` hmbbma

fgajahgjn w`jy fmy ul` slmn` ajugma sgnn i`hmb` gyy`n`vjau. agbpmyujau jae yèaejau ga ul`

UM_ Uj| xwxu`b! @jhl gaegvgejn hja ljv` j hlmxà fgajahgjn w`jy fmy lgx `v`yw XXJ jhhmau!Ga ul` py`xàu `hmambgh xwxu`b. bmxu mf ul` bma`w ga hgyhnjugma gx ga plwxghjn fmyb

,ignnx-amu`x'! Ul`y` jy` y`pmyuè um i` pnàuw mf hjx`x mf nmmugacx. ymii`yg`x. lmbghge`x.

`|umyugmax. yjaxmbx. jae iygi`x jhymxx ul` smyne ga jnbmxu jnn ajugmax i`hjx` mf ulgx lc`

bma`w ga plwxghjn fmyb! Ulgx plwxghjn bma`w. ga lc` jbmaux. gx i`gac uyjaxf`yyè fymb ma`

ljae um mul`y `negac jnn uj| aùx ga uyjaxjhugmax mf hmbbmegug`x my cmmex! Ul` ajhhmauè

CE_ gx xjge um i` umm l`jvw jae vjyg`x fymb hmauyw um hmauyw e`pàegac pma ul`

hmyypugma n`v`n ulju `|gxux ga ulju hmauyw! Ga jeegugma um ulgx injhd bma`w ul`y` jy` jnxm

lc` jbmaux mffjd` hyyàhw ulju ljx hmaujbgajuè ul` càga` hyyàhw! Ul` hmbigaè

`ff`hu mf ul` injhd bma`w jae fjd` hyyàhw gx pnjwgac ljvmh sgul `hmambg`x mf bjaw

hmauyg`x! Ams bma`w gx i`gac uy`juè jx ja gahmb` cà`yjugac jxxù jae s`jnul gaxu`je mfxgac gu jx j bègb ga `|hljac` mf hmbbmegug`x. cmmex. x`yvgh`x. jae xljy`x. plwxghjn jae

gau`nn`hujn smydx! Ul` lc` jhhbnjugma mf bma`w ga f`s pmhdùx ga ul` fmyb mf injhd

bma`w gx bjdgac ul` hwhngh hgyhnjugma mf bma`w ga ul` `hmambgh xwxu`b um i` `yyjugh ,xmb`

ugb`x bmy` hwhn`x p`y w`jy jae xmb` ugb`x n`xx hwhn`x p`y w`jy sgul xujcajugma-ama xjc` mf

bma`w hjxgac `hmambgh y`h`xxgma ju ugb`x! Ul` bnugpng`y `ff`hu ma ul` bma`w ga ijadgac

fgajah` xwxu`b gx e`hy`jxgac ul` y`jn fjh` vjn` mf ul` plwxghjn hyyàhw! Jnulmcl ul`

gaegvgejnx `jyagacx jy` gahy`jxgac `v`yw w`jy. ul` pyhljx` vjn` mf ul` hyyàhw gx

e`hy`jxgac jae y`jhlè jnbmxu :-:?ul

mf gux fjh` vjn`! UM_ Uj| xwxu`b uyg`x um fg| ulgx

pymin`b iw zjngujugv` jae zjaugujugv` xppnw mf bma`w ga `hmambgh xwxu`b xm ulju ul`

pyhljx` vjn` mf plwxghjn hyyàhw ju gux fjh` vjn` y`bjgax lgcl jae xjb` fmy nmac`y p`ygmemf ugb`! Ul` pygh`x mf hmbbmegug`x my x`yvgh`x sgnn y`bjga xjb` my `và e`hy`jx` àljahgac

ul` pyhljxgac hjpjhguw mf p`mpn` `v`yw w`jy sgul gahy`jx` ga `jyagacx ,p`y hjpguj gahmb`'

`jhl w`jy!

,_n`jx` x`` pjc` bma`w. bma`w xppnw. nmjax. y`jn bma`w jae hyègu bma`w fymb pjc` :< um

pjc` 9?'

Ga ul` xcc`xuè UM_ Uj| xwxu`b. bmxu mf ul` bma`w ,77!6%' jvjgnjin` ga ul`

`hmambgh xwxu`b. sgnn i` ga e`bju`ygjngxè fmyb ga ul` jhhmaux mf hgug{àx. Cmv`yabàux

jae hmbpjag`x! Manw xbjnn pmyugma mf bma`w ,?!5%' sgnn i` ga plwxghjn fmyb ,hjxl' g!`! hmgax

my amu`x ju nms eàmbgajugma! ,Fmy `|jbpn` " Gaegj' Ul` pjyjnn`n `hmambw i`gac ya iw injhd

bma`w jnbmxu `zjnngac ul` jhhmauè CE_ mf ul` hmauyw jae ja `xugbjuè Yx! :. 6?.???hymy` fjd` hyyàhw sgnn i` umujnnw `yjeghjuè sgul ul` e`bmaùgxjugma mf lgcl`y vjn`


15/49


UM_ Uj| xwxu`b


hyyàhw amu`x ,Yx :???. 0??. :??. 0? amu`x' ga ul` xcc`xuè UM_ Uj| xwxu`b pjvgac sjw fmy

hmyypugma fy`` xmhgùw!

Xm ul`y` sgnn i` am cà`yjugma mfinjhd bma`w jae fjd` hyyàhw. jae jhhbnjugma jae

xujhdgac mf bma`w ga plwxghjn fmyb ,hjxl' sgnn amu i` pmxxgin`! Bma`w sgnn i` hmaxujaunw

pbpè ijhd gaum ul` xwxu`b xm jx um jvmge _ymfgu Uj|! Ul` hgyhnjugma mf bma`w ga ul`

`hmambgh xwxu`b sgnn i` ju hmaxujau yju` sgul bmy` hwhn`x slgn` hl`hdgac gafnjugma `và ju

lgcl`y cymsul yju`! Ul` bmy` hwhn`x my `|hljac` mf bma`w bmy` ugb`x b`jax bma`w gx xpy`je

`vànw y`jhlgac jnn p`mpn`! UM_ Uj| xwxu`b smne jnxm jyy`xu gnn`cjn jhugvgug`x xhl jx eyc

uyjffghdgac. jae jybx uyjffghdgac! Mah` njahlè gaum ulgx UM_ Uj| xwxu`b pygh`x smne hmauga`

um e`hnga` um y`jhl j bgagbb n`v`n mf ul jae fyul`y p um ljnf n`v`n mf ul` py`xàu pygh`x

e` um ul` fmnnmsgac fjhumyx ajb`nw. nms uj| hmbpmaàu ,i`nms ::%'. nms gau`y`xu yju`x ,8%

p`y jaab'. am uj| hmbpngjah` hmxux jae fnnw mpà bjydù sgul bmy` pnjw`yx ga ul`

ixga`xx! Bma`w sgnn i` py`nw ugngxè manw fmy `|hljac` mf cmmex. hmbbmegug`x. jxxùx.

x`yvgh`x. xljy`x. plwxghjn jae gau`nn`hujn smydx! Slà ul` UM_ Uj| xwxu`b y`jhl`x gux fgajne`xugajugma. ul` pygh`x mf hmbbmegug`x-cmmex my x`yvgh`x gahne` manw ul` vjn`-hmxu mf

bjapms`y ,plwxghjn-gau`nn`hujn' sl`y` jiaejau yjs bju`ygjnx jy` jvjgnjin`! Ga ul` py`xàu

xwxu`b ul` pygh`x mf hmbbmegug`x-cmmex my x`yvgh`x gahne` vjygmx hmbpmaàux ngd` yjs

bju`ygjnx hmxu. uj|. pymfgu. gau`y`xu. hmyypugma. uj| hmbpngjah` hmxu. bja pms`y

,plwxghjn-gau`nn`hujn'. uyjaxpmyu. pms`y ,f`n-`n`huyghguw' jae xl`nf ngf`! Ul` fgajn y`xnu mf UM_

Uj| xwxu`b sgnn i` ul` jhlg`v`bàu mf p`yf`hu `zgngiygb iùs`à e`bjae jae xppnw4

e`v`nmpbàu jae `zjnguw4 cymsul jae gafnjugma4 y`jn bma`w jae hyègu bma`w ,nmjaè bma`w'4

y`và`x jae `|pàeguy`! Ul` nmpxgeè e`v`nmpbàu jbmac p`mpn` jae y`cgmax ulju gx i`gac

sgua`xxè ga ul` py`xàu `hmambgh xwxu`b sgnn h`jx` um `|gxu! Ul` ajuyjn y`xmyh` jae s`jnul

mf j hmauyw hja i` `zjnnw egxuygiuè jbmac ul` p`mpn`!Pae`y py`xàu `hmambgh xwxu`b ul`y` jy` manw j f`s pnjw`yx. bmy` y`f`y``x ,nghàx`.

p`ybgu. hl`hd pmxux. sjw ignnx. jegugac. jxx`xxbàu jae gaxp`hugma' jae bmy` xp`hujumyx!

Ul` pympmxè Ump uj| xwxu`b sgnn n`jv` xpjh` fmy bmy` pnjw`yx. j f`s y`f`y``x ,pmnnugma

hmauymn imjye manw' jae j f`s xp`hujumyx! Ul` bjydùx sgnn i`hmb` xm sge` mpà sgul am

p`ybgux my nghàh`x y`zgyè ,`|h`pu pmnnugma hmauymn imjyex p`ybgxxgma' um ya jaw ixga`xx

my gaexuyw `|h`pu ulmx` sl`y` jixmnu` a`h`xxguw gx y`zgyè fmy p`ybgxxgmax fymb

Cmv`yabàux fmy bgagac my`x. bga`yjnx. x`èx. p xughge`x. `|pnmxgv`x ùh.! Ulx `v`ywma` hja

àu`y gaum ul` bjydù jae xujyu lgx-l`y msa ixga`xx my gaexuyw sgulmu jaw xljhdn`x

ul`yìw yèhgac a`bpnmwbàu xixujaugjnnw! Ju ul` xjb` ugb`. sgul xm bjaw pnjw`yx ga ul`

bjydù jae lgcl hmbpùgugma. ul` pygh`x mf cmmex-x`yvgh`x sgnn i`hmb` hl`jp`y. ià`fguugachmaxb`yx! Ulgx gavjygjinw gahy`jx`x hmaxbpugma n`jegac um bmy` pymehugma jae cymsul

yju`!

Ul` ijxgh hmah`pu mf ul` UM_ Uj| xwxu`b gx ulju manw xgacn` uj|. ga ul` pnjh` mf py`xàu

bnugpn` uj|`x. sgnn i` pjge iw ul` p`mpn` ma hmbbmegug`x-x`yvgh`x bjafjhuyè sgulga ul`

hmauyw. jpjyu fymb ul` hxumbx euw slghl gx gbpmxè manw um xjv` emb`xugh gaexuyw my

ixga`xx! Ul` hxumbx euw hja i` y`bmvè ma h`yujga cmmex ngd` h`bàu jae xu``n jx jae

slà a`h`xxjyw um hl`hd ul` kjhdè p pygh`x hjxè iw hjyu`n jbmac ul`x` hmbpjag`x jae

jnxm ma jcyghnuy` pymeh` slà xffghgàu fmme cyjga pymehugma gx amu jvjgnjin` fmy

hmaxbpugma my pymhy`bàu umsjyex `xxàugjn iff`y xumhd. i`hjx` mf eymclu my mul`y

ajuyjn hjnjbgug`x! Xm ul` jaajn iecù py`xàujugma. gf a`h`xxjyw. sgnn i` bjganw ugngxè umegxuygiu` jae jnnmhju` y`và`x um vjygmx x`humyx. e`pjyubàux jae s`nfjy` xhl`b`x

gaxu`je mf fmhxxgac ma uj|jugma. uj| hmnn`hugma jae àfmyh`bàu ma uj| hmbpngjah`!


16/49


UM_ Uj| xwxu`b


Ga ul` py`xàu `hmambgh xwxu`b ul` iecù py`pjyjugma gx

bjxxgv`. bnug xujcè. ugb` hmaxbgac jae njimygmx pymh`xx! Ul`y` jy` ulmxjaex mf

egff`yàu lgcl my v`yw nms vjnè cmmex my x`yvgh`x um i` x`cy`cjuè gaum egff`yàu cympx jae

uj|è iw imul Hàuy` jae Xuju`x sgul egff`yàu uj|`x ju uly`` my bmy` xnji yju`x jae. jx gf

ul`x` jy` amu àmcl. ul`y` jy` jeegugmajn xyhljyc`x my h`xx`x ma x`n`huè cmmex! Ul`x` uj|

xuyhuy`x jae xnji yju`x ma egff`yàu cmmex d``p hljacgac `v`yw w`jy! Sgul ul`x`

hmbpnghjuè uj| xuyhuy`x jae `v`y hljacgac xnji yju`x `v`yw w`jy. ul` uj| hmbpngjah` iw

gaegvgejn bjafjhuy`yx. e`jn`yx jae yùjgn`yx ljx i`à egffghnu. hbi`yxmb` jae

imul`yxmb`! Uj|`x jy` i`gac hmnn`huè iw egff`yàu uj| hmnn`hugma e`pjyubàux ijxè ma ul`

jhhmaux bjgaujgaè iw gaegvgejnx slm ya gaexuyw my ixga`xx! Ul`y` gx pnàuw mf ymmb fmy

ae`yxuju`bàu mf pymehugma jae xjn`x. uj| `vjxgma jae hmax`zàu iw"pymehu mf injhd

bma`w! Iu ga ul` xcc`xuè UM_ Uj| xwxu`b ul`y` sgnn i` xgacn` uj| hjnnè UM_ ,Uyjaxf`y My

_yhljx`' uj| sgul fg|è-xujugmajyw xnji yju` ,5%' ma jnn bma`w uyjaxf`yx fymb ma` jhhmau um

jamul`y jhhmau ulymcl hl`z`. eìgu hjye jae manga` uyjaxf`y-aù ijadgac ga ul` pyhljx`hljga mf hmaxb`yx. yùjgn`yx jae bjafjhuy yx! Ul` Uyjaxf`y My _yhljx` UM_ Uj| ,5%' sgnn

i` eèhuè jumbjughjnnw iw hmbpu`y xwxu`bx mf ijadx ma jnn bma`w uyjaxf`yx fymb ma`

jhhmau um jamul`y jhhmau gyy`xp`hugv` mf ul` fjhu ulju fmy slju pypmx`

,pyhljx`-emajugma-xjnjyg`x-nmjax' jae iw slmb ul`x` bma`w uyjaxf`yx ljv` i`à bje`!

Ul` uj| sgnn i` manw ma bma`w uyjaxf`yx fmyb ma` jhhmau um jamul`y yjul`y ulja ma

ul` vjn` mf cmme-hmbbmegug`x jae x`yvgh`x sgul `v`y hljacgac xnji yju`x `v`yw w`jy ju

iecù ugb` ga ul` py`xàu uj|jugma xwxu`b! Xm ul` y`và` hmnn`hugmax fmy imul Hàuy` jae

Xujuè Cmv`yabàux sgnn i` gaxujau. jumbjugh. pymbpu jae hmaugamx pymh`xx ulymclmu

ul` w`jy sgul am ymmb fmy uj| `vjxgma! Ul`y` sgnn i` jixmnu`nw am uj| hmnn`hugma `|pàeguy`

fmy ul` Cmv`yabàu jae uj| hmbpngjah` hmxu fmy hgug{àx! Ul` pypmx` mf iecù py`pjyjugmasgnn i` manw ul` jnnmhjugma mf y`và`x. cmu fymb UM_ Uj| jae _ymfgu Uj|. um vjygmx x`humyx.

e`pjyubàux my bgagxuyg`x! Uj|jugma. uj| hmnn`hugma. uj| àfmyh`bàu. uj| hmbpngjah`.

jnnmhjugma mf y`và`x um vjygmx bgagxuyg`x my e`pjyubàux jae bma`w xppnw gaum ul`

`hmambw jy` agfgè ga ulgx agz` UM_ Uj| xwxu`b! Xm ul` iecù py`xàujugma sgnn i`hmb`

xgbpn`. xbmmul jae ugb` xjvgac! My `và ul`y` sgnn i` am a`è fmy iecù py`xàujugma `jhl

w`jy! Ul` w`jynw iecù py`xàujugma hja i` xmn`nw ugngxè fmy p`yhàujc` sgx` jnnmhjugma jae

hljaa`nngac mf ulmx` jumbjughjnnw hmnn`huè UM_ Uj| jae _ymfgu Uj| y`và`x iw ijadx um

vjygmx x`humyx ngd` lmxgac. l`jnul hjy`. èhjugma. eygadgac sju`y. uyjaxpmyu. gyygcjugma.

jcyghnuy`. àvgymabàu. xjagujugma. gafyjxuyhuy` pymk`hux. yyjn e`v`nmpbàu. e`fàh` jae

gau`yajn pmnghgac! Ul` p`yhàujc` mf faex jnnmhjuè um vjygmx bgagxuyg`x. e`pjyubàux myx`humyx hja i` hljacè `v`yw w`jy e`pàegac pma ul` a`è. a`h`xxguw jae ycàhw jhzgyè

iw ul`b! Ul` Cmv`yabàu xuyhuy` jae bjhlga`yw hja i` y`xuyhuyè. emsaxg{è jae fga`

uaè amu manw um yèh` sjxu`fn `|pàeguy` iu jnxm um hju`y um ul` ijxgh a`èx mf p`mpn`

hmah`yagac lmxgac. l`jnul hjy`. èhjugma. xjagujugma jae eygadgac sju`y! Um xjw iyg`fnw. ul`

Cmv`yabàux àugy` hmahàuyjugma jae ump bmxu pygmyguw sgnn xlgfu fymb uj|jugma. uj|

hmnn`hugma jae àfmyh`bàu um gbpn`bàujugma mf s`nfjy` xhl`b`x jae e`v`nmpbàu mf

gafyjxuyhuy` pymk`hux!

Ga ulgx a`s `hmambgh xwxu`b ul` umujn y`và`x mf jaw hmauyw sgnn i` jppym|gbju`nw

`zjn um 5% ,UM_ Uj|' \ 8 2 :9% mf ul` umujn CE_ Vjn` mf ulju hmauyw slgn` jxxbgac ulju

`jhl hmbbmeguw my x`yvgh` sgnn hljac` ljaex ju ja jv`yjc` mf uly`` ugb`x ga ul` hmaxb`y.yùjgn`y. e`jn`y jae bjafjhuy`y hljga! Ulju b`jax ju `jhl hljac` mf ljaex mf jaw

hmbbmeguw my x`yvgh` ul` bma`w sgnn i` uyjaxf`yyè fymb ma` jhhmau um jamul`y jhhmau


17/49


UM_ Uj| xwxu`b


slgn` n`jvgac am ymmb fmy uj| `vjxgma! Ul`y` sgnn i` jeegugmajn 0 um :? % UM_ Uj| y`và`x

ma ul` y`xjn` mf ul` xljy`x. bmvjin` jae gbbmvjin` pymp`yug`x. jae emajugmax ga ulju

hmauyw! Fyul`ybmy` ul`y` sgnn i` y`và`x fymb jvmgejin` _ymfgu uj|! Ga jnn pymijignguw

ul`x` y`và`x sgnn i` bmy` ulja :0?% mf ul` y`và`x ulju jy` jhhygac fymb bnugpn` uj|`x

ga ul` py`xàu `hmambgh xwxu`b! _n`jx` y`b`bi`y ulju jnn ul`x` y`và`x sgnn i` hmnn`huè

sgulmu jaw uj| hmnn`hugma `|pàeguy` ma uj| hmnn`hugma e`pjyubàux. uj| uygiajnx jae uj|

àfmyh`bàu jcàhg`x

Ga ul` xcc`xuè UM_ Uj| xwxu`b ul` ijadx-x`yvgh` hàuy`x sgnn i`hmb` vgyujnnw ul`

gau`ybègjyg`x iùs`à p`mpn` jae ul` Cmv`yabàu fmy jnn uj| hmnn`hugmax jae yègxuygiugma

mf faex-y`và`x fymb ul` Cmv`yabàu um p`mpn`. slm xlmne i` ul` ajuyjn. `ngcgin` jae

n`cgugbju` y`hgpgàux slgn` `ngbgajugac sljn`x. pjyjxgu`x jae ngbpùx! Slà`v`y j p`yxma

bgcyju`x my bmv`x um j a`s pnjh` lgx mne jeey`xx ga Bjga Xjvgac Jhhmau ,BXJ' xlmne i`

hljacè sgul ul` a`s jeey`xx um cù bmaulnw yjugma. xixgeg`x.

hmbpàxjugma-`|cyjugj-y`ng`f faex ga ul` `vàu mf ajuyjn hjnjbgug`x ngd` `jyulzjd`.hwhnma`x. fnmmex. fjbga`. eymclu. ùh!. ga ulju pjyughnjy pnjh` jae jnxm um cù vmugac ygclu ga

ulju pjyughnjy hmaxuguàhw! Ga ul` xcc`xuè UM_ Uj| xwxu`b ul` Bjga Xjvgacx Jhhmau

,BXJ' mf `jhl p`yxma xljnn i` ugngxè jx ul` e`"bju jhhmau mf ulju p`yxma fmy lmnegac imul

bmvjin` jae gbbmvjin` pymp`yug`x ngd` xljy`x. njaex. pnmux. fnjux. cmne. xgnv`y. k`s`nn`yw.

myajbàux. v yw lgcl vjnè jyughn`x. bmumy hwhn`x. hjyx. mul`y v`lghn`x jae jnn mul`y

pymp`yug`x-jxxùx! Slgn` pyhljxgac my x`nngac. ul` uyjaxf`y mf msa`yxlgp ygclux mf ul`x`

jxxùx-pymp`yug`x fymb ma` p`yxma um jamul`y p`yxma xljnn i` bje` fymb ma` p`yxmax BXJ

um jamul`y p`yxmax BXJ ulymcl ijadx-x`yvgh` hàuy`x ga j egcgujn-`n`huymagh fmyb!

Pxjc` mf BXJx. XXJx jae HJAx;"

Ga ul` py`xàu `hmambgh xwxu`b j p`yxmax my j hmbpjawx bma`w. bmvjin` my gbbmvjin`pymp`yug`x,ngd` v`lghn`x. pnmux. fnjux. lmx`x. fjhumyg`x. hmbb`yhgjn `xujingxlbàux. njaex ùh!.'

xljy`x. fjbgnw uy``. gaxyjah` pmnghg`x jae jnn mul`y jxxùx jy` y`hmyeè. bjajcè jae ljaenè

iw egff`yàu e`pjyubàux. jcàhg`x my gaxuguugmax! Iu ga ul` xcc`xuè UM_ Uj| xwxu`b bma`w.

bmvjin` my gbbmvjin` pymp`yug`x ,ngd` v`lghn`x. pnmux. fnjux. lmx`x. hmbb`yhgjn

`xujingxlbàux. njaex ùh!.' xljy`x. fjbgnw uy``. gaxyjah` pmnghg`x jae jnn mul`y jxxùx jy`

y`hmyeè. bjajcè jae ljaenè ga j xgacn` jhhmau hjnnè Bjga Xjvgacx Jhhmau ,BXJ' sgul

fgv` fmne`yx ga hjx` mf gaegvgejnx jae ga Hmypmyju` Jhhmau Abi`yx ,HJA' sgul x`và fmne`yx

ga hjx` mf hmbpjag`x slghl gxxè xljy`x fmy pingh! Ul`x` jhhmaux BXJx. XXJx jae HJAx

sgnn i` bjgaujgaè jae mp`yjuè iw ijadx y`pnjhgac egff`yàu e`pjyubàux. uj| hmnn`hugma jae

uj| àfmyh`bàu imjyex. jcàhg`x my gaxuguugmax mf ul` py`xàu `hmambgh xwxu`b!Ulx p`mpn`x bma`w. xljy`x. jnn bmvjin` jae gbbmvjin` pymp`yug`x sgnn i` ga manw ma`

jhhmau ,BXJ' sgul egff`yàu fmne`yx mp`yjuè iw ijadx! Xm bma`w. xljy`x jae jnn mul`y

bmvjin` jae gbbmvjin` pymp`yug`x hja i` xumyè. bjgaujgaè jae xè fymb ulgx xgacn`

jhhmau hjnnè Bjga Xjvgacx Jhhmau ,BXJ' sgul fgv` fmne`yx ga hjx` mf gaegvgejnx jae

Hmypmyju` Jhhmau Abi`yx ,HJA' sgul x`và fmne`yx ga hjx` mf hmbpjag`x slghl gxxè

xljy`x fmy pingh! Uyjaxf`y mf bma`w. xljy`x. bmvjin` jae gbbmvjin` pymp`yug`x. cmmex.

x`yvgh`x. plwxghjn jae gau`nn`hujn smydx jy` xgbnuja`mxnw uyjaxf`yyè fymb ma` jhhmau um

jamul`y jhhmau slgn` pyhljxgac my iwgac!

:! Pxjc` mf Bjga Xjvgacx Jhhmau ,BXJ' " Ul`y` sgnn i` manw ma` hmbpnxmyw jae

bjaejumyw BXJ fmy `jhl p`yxma cgvà iw ul` Cmv`yabàu! Ulgx BXJ sgnn ljv` fgv` fmne`yx fmy`jhl xp`hgfgh pypmx` mf ja gaegvgejn!


18/49


UM_ Uj| xwxu`b

_n`jx` vgxgu " luup;--sss!uj|jugmay`fmybx!hmb _jc` :


19/49


UM_ Uj| xwxu`b


iw`yx Bjga Xjvgacx Jhhmau ,BXJ'! Kxu ngd` xljy`x ul`y` sgnn i` am pjp`y emhbàux fmy

pymp`yug`x! Pangd` hjxl uyjaxf`yx ul` iw`yx py`xàh` jae xgcajuy`-julàughjugma xljnn jnxm

i` a`èè fmy jaw bmvjin` my gbbmvjin` pymp`yuw uyjaxjhugma!

Ul`y` sgnn i` am bnugpn` x`nngac mf ul` xjb` pymp`yuw um egff`yàu p`mpn` jae

ajulmygxè x`nngac-pyhljx` jae gnn`cjn mhhpjugma mf mul`y p`yxmax pymp`yuw sgulmu

lgx-l`y damsgac-hmaxàu sgnn amu i` pmxxgin`!

Ul` fmyul fmne`y ,xljy`x-xumhdx fmne`y' xljnn i` ugngxè fmy xumyjc` jae xjc` mf msa`yxlgp

ygclux mf xljy`x-xumhdx. imaex. e`ygvjugv`x ùh! Ul` msa`yxlgp ygclux mf ul`x` x`hygug`x sgnn i`

uyjaxf`yyè fymb ma` p`yxmax BXJ um jamul`y p`yxmax BXJ slgn` iwgac-x`nngac-emajugma!

Ul` xljy`x sgnn ljv` manw msa`yxlgp ygclux jae hjnnè jx x`bg xmnge bma`w!

Ul` fgful fmne`y ,fjbgnw fmne`y' xljnn i` ugngxè fmy fjbgnw eùjgnx jae hjnnè jx fjbgnw fmne`y!

Bjyygjc` y`cgxuyjugma jae hlgne igyul y`cgxuyjugmax sgnn i` bje` imul ga lxijae jae sgf`x

fjbgnw fmne`yx mf BXJx! Ijxè ma ul` eùjgnx ga ul` fjbgnw fmne`yx. bmaulnw yjugmax sgnn i`

hmbpuè jae uyjaxf`yyè `v`yw bmaul. ga ul` fmyb mf hjxl. egy`hunw gaum ul` sgf`x BXJx!@v`yw hlgne sgnn cù lgx-l`y msa BXJ jhhmau ju ul` jc` mf :0 w`jyx! Ul` ijad xuju`bàu mfUl`

fgful fmne`y ,fjbgnw fmne`y' mf BXJ mf jaw gaegvgejn hja i` ugngxè jx hjxu` jae gahmb`

h`yugfghju`. vmu`y ngxu. yjugma hjye jae pjxxpmyu! Gu hja i` miujgaè sgulga bgau`x fymb jaw

ijad jae fymb jawsl`y` ga ul` hmauyw! _`mpn` a`è amu pjw iygi`x um cù ul`x` h`yugfghju`x

my emhbàux fymb y`và` e`pjyubàu jae pjxxpmyu mffgh`x! Jnn faex jnnmhjuè umsjyex

s`nfjy` mf XHx. XUx jae IHx hja i` uyjaxf`yyè egy`hunw gaum ul` BXJx mf ul`x` x`hugmax

n`jvgac am ymmb fmy n`jdjc`x. iygi`x jae bgxjppympygjugma mf ul`x` faex!

Vgvge `|pnjajugma;" Jnn ul` eùjgnx mf j p`yxmax mhhpjugma. èhjugmajn zjngfghjugmax.

bjyygjc`. eygvgac nghàx`. pjxxpmyu. lgx-l`y ngf` pjyua`yx ajb`. _JA abi`y ,BXJ' ,jae vgh`

v`yxj'. hlgneyà jae ul`gy jc` ùh. sgnn i` y`hmyeè ga ul` fgful fmne`y,fjbgnw fmne`y' mf lgx-l`yBjga Xjvgacx jhhmau! Ul` pjyàux xlmne y`cgxu`y ul`gy hlgnex eùjgnx ga ul` ejuj y`hmye mf

ul`gy Bjga Xjvgacx Jhhmau ,BXJ' sgulga uly`` bmaulx mf ul`gy hlgnex igyul! Mah` ul` hlgne

cùx ul` jc` mf :0 w`jyx l`-xl` sgnn jumbjughjnnw cù _JA jae BXJ! Ul` umujn hjy` jae s`nfjy`

mf ul` mypljax xlmne i` ujdà iw ul` Xuju` cmv`yabàux ugnn ul` hlgne y`jhl`x ul` jc` mf 9?

w`jyx!

Ulgx xwxu`b umujnnw jae p`ybjaàunw hl`hdx ul` `v`y gahy`jxgac pymin`b mf gnn`cjn bgcyjugma

fymb _jdgxuja jae Ijacnje`xl hljacgac ul` e`bmcyjplgh pympmyugma mf Gaegj um ja

agbjcgajin` n`v`n! Mah` jnn ul` hgug{àx jimv` ul` jc` mf :0 w`jyx jy` cgvà ul` bjaejumyw

Bjga Xjvgacx jhhmau ,BXJ' jae ul` UM_ Uj| xwxu`b i`hmb`x fnnw mp`yjugmajn. am jenu sgnn

i` cgvà Bjga Xjvgacx Jhhmau ,BXJ' ul`y`jfu`y! Fymb l`y`jfu`y `v`yw jeegugmajn BjgaXjvgacx Jhhmau BXJ sgnn i` ja mffxlmmu mf ja `|gxugac BXJ i`nmacgac um pjyàux! Ul`y` sgnn i`

am z`xugma mf jeegugmajn fy`xl BXJ sgulmu pjyàux `|gxugac BXJ! Xgbgnjynw `|gxugac BXJx sgnn

hmb` um h`jx` pma ul` e`jul mf gaegvgejnx! Jnn ul` bma`w. xljy`x. bmvjin` jae gbbmvjin`

pymp`yug`x y`hmyeè ga ul` fgv` fmne`yx mf BXJ mf ul` e`h`jxè p`yxma sgnn i` uyjaxf`yyè um

lgx-l`y n`cjn l`gyx! Ul` umujn abi`y mf BXJx sgnn gahy`jx` `v`yw w`jy e`pàegac pma ul`

cymsul yju` mf pmpnjugma mf ulju hmauyw! UM_ Uj| xwxu`b sgnn y`hmye4 bjgaujga `v`yw

gaegvgejnx fjbgnw y`hmye cà`yjugma jfu`y cà`yjugma! Ul`y`fmy` gnn`cjn bgcyjaux fymb mul`y

hmauyg`x hjaamu àu`y gnn`cjnnw gaum Gaegj. cù Bjga Xjvgacx Jhhmau my Xi Xjvgacx Jhhmaux

jae jxxgbgnju` ga Gaegja pmpnjugma! Gu sgnn i` j nmu `jxg`y fmy ul` cmv`yabàu um eù`hu

u`yymygxux jae bgngujaux slm hymxx mv`y fymb jhymxx ul` imye`y um gaenc` ga anjsfn jhugvgug`x!UM_ uj| xwxu`b sgnn i` mp`yjuè xmn`nw iw ijadx um pymvge` egff`yàu x`yvgh`x fmy ul`

Cmv`yabàu ngd` uj|jugma. uj| hmnn`hugma. uj| àfmyh`bàu4 fmy gxxgac hjxu` h`yugfghju`x.


20/49


UM_ Uj| xwxu`b

_n`jx` vgxgu " luup;--sss!uj|jugmay`fmybx!hmb _jc` 9?

gahmb` h`yugfghju`x. vmu`y ngxux. bmaulnw yjugmax. xixgeg`x. pàxgmax. hjnjbguw y`ng`f faex.

pjxxpmyux. nghàh`x. f``x y`gbiyx`bàux. xhlmnjyxlgpx ùh!. ju jixmnu`nw fy`` mf hmxu! UM_

Uj| xwxu`b. mp`yjuè iw ijadx. sgnn jnxm l`np p`mpn` ga cùugac jnn ul` jimv` bàugmaè

x`yvgh`x ju xgacn` sgaems ulymcl ul`gy BXJx sgul fgv` egff`yàu fmne`yx! Ulju b`jax UM_ Uj|

xwxu`b sgnn y`pnjh` py`xàu xwxu`bx bnugpn` e`pjyubàux ngd` Gahmb` uj| e`pjyubàu.

Hàuyjn @|hgx` e`pjyubàu. HIEU. HI@H. Uj| uygiajnx. pjxxpmyu e`pjyubàu. hàxx

e`pjyubàu. Xuju`x hmbb`yhgjn uj| e`pjyubàux. hgvgn xppng`x e`pjyubàux. y`cgxuyjugma

e`pjyubàux. y`và` e`pjyubàux ùh!. xjvgac ulmxjaex mf hymy`x mf Cmv`yabàux ama"

pnja |pàeguy`!

9! Pxjc` mf Xi Xjvgacx Jhhmau ,XXJ';" @v`yw p`yxma hja mpà jae mp`yju` jx bhlabi`y mf XXJx jx l`-xl` sgxl`x! Ul` XXJ sgnn ljv` manw ma` fmne`y hjnnè jx ngzge bma`w

fmne`y! Ulgx fmne`y xljnn i` xè fmy y`h`gvgac. xumyjc` jae xjc` mf bma`w um mp`yju` jaw

ixga`xx my gaexuyw iw ja gaegvgejn! !

8! Pxjc` mf Hmypmyju` Jhhmau Abi`y ,HJA'; " Hmypmyju` hmbpjag`x. BAHx jae_ingh ngbguè hmbpjag`x slghl xmne-gxxè xljy`x um ul` pingh sgnn i` cgvà HJAx! @jhl

Hmypmyju` Jhhmau Abi`y sgnn ljv` x`và fmne`yx fmy `jhl xp`hgfgh mp`yjugac-yaagac

pypmx` mf ul` hmbpjaw!

Ul` fgyxu fmne`y xljnn i` ugngxè fmy xumyjc` jae xjc` mf bma`w fmy yaagac ulju hmbpjaw!

Ul` x`hmae fmne`y xljnn i` ugngxè fmy ljvgac jnn y`hmyex mf gbbmvjin` pymp`yug`x ngd` njae.

ignegacx. gafyjxuyhuy` jae ùhù`yj mf ulju pymk`hu-pnjau-ixga`xx! Ul` ulgye fmne`y xljnn i`

xè fmy y`cgxuyjugma. xumyjc` jae xjc` mf msa`yxlgp ygclux fmy jnn fn`ù mf v`lghn`x jae mul`y

bmvjin` pymp`yug`x ngd` bjhlga`yw ùhù`yj y`zgyè fmy yaagac mf ulju hmbpjaw! Ul` fmyul

fmne`y xljnn i` xè fmy xumyjc` mf jnn xljy`x mf ul` pymbmu`yx jae ul` pingh mf ulju hmbpjaw!

Ul` fgful fmne`y xljnn hmaujga ul` eùjgnx jae jhhmaux mf jnn ul` `bpnmwè bjapms`y mf ulju

hmbpjaw! Ul` xg|ul fmne`y xljnn hmaujga ul` eùjgnè jhhmaux mf jnn yjs bju`ygjnx jae mul`y

y`zgyè gapux imclu jae xè fmy yaagac mf ulju hmbpjaw! Ul` x`vàul fmne`y xljnn hmaujga

ul` eùjgnx jae jhhmaux mf jnn pymehux bjafjhuyè. xjn`x jae gavàumyw! UM_ Uj| xwxu`bx

HJA sgul x`và fmne`yx gx j a`s pymhèy` um x`` ulju hmbpjawx fgajahgjn immdx s`y` hn`ja.

jhhyju`. mpà jae uyjaxpjyàu um jnn xljy` lmne`yx xm ulju ul`y` hja i` am ymmb fmy fyjenàu

jae e`h`pugv` fgajahgjn xuju`bàux!

Vgvge `|pnjajugma; " Ul` UM_ Uj| xwxu`bx Hmypmyju` Jhhmau Abi`yx ,HJAx' sgul x`và

fmne`yx sgnn bjd` jnn hmbpjag`x jhhmaux fnnw uyjaxpjyàu jae mpà um jnn xljy` lmne`yx `v`yw

ejw ,angd` zjyu`ynw. ljnf"w`jy jae w`jynw xuju`bàux y`n`jxè iw ul` hmbpjag`x ga ul` py`xàu

xwxu`b' fmy gaxp`hugma. xuew jae jajnwxgx i`fmy` gav`xugac ul`gy ljye `jyaè bma`w ga xljy`x

mf ulmx` hmbpjag`x sgul xmae fgajahgjn pmxgugma! Ul` uyjaxpjyàu jhhmaugac xwxu`b ga HJAx

sgul x`và x`pjyju` fmne`yx fmy bma`w. bmvjin` pymp`yuw. gbbmvjin` pymp`yuw. bjapms`y.

xljy`x. yjs bju`ygjnx jae mul`y gapux. jae bjafjhuyè pymehux jae gavàumyw sgnn y`bmv`

jnn fyjex ga jhhmaugac. x`hygug`x. xumhdx jae gav`xubàu ! Ul`x` HJAx sgul x`và fmne`yx

àxy` ulju ul`y` sgnn i` am hljah` mf fyjenàu ixga`xx pyjhugh`x mf mv`yxujugac pymfgux.

hmah`jngac eìux. xpy`jegac ul` `|pàx`x mu mv`y x`v`yjn w`jyx. ae`y vmghgac my mv`y vmghgac

mf yjs bju`ygjnx. gapux. jae bjafjhuyè pymehux. ae`y my mv`y xujugac mf xumhdx. pjeegac

p mf pymk`hu hmxu jae egv`yugac mf faex ju cymaegac. hmaxuyhugma. `y`hugma jae jnn xujc`x mf

pymk`hu gbpn`bàujugma jae pinghjugma mf fjnxgfgè fgajahgjn y`pmyux! Ul` HJAx mf UM_ Uj|

xwxu`b hja jnxm hl`hd ul` egv`yxgma mf faex fymb ma` hmbpjaw um jamul`y hmbpjaw sgulga ul`cymp hmbpjag`x ,xjb` pymbmu`yx'! Ul` UM_ uj| xwxu`b cgv`x j igc immxu um xumhd bjydùx jx


21/49


UM_ Uj| xwxu`b

_n`jx` vgxgu " luup;--sss!uj|jugmay`fmybx!hmb _jc` 9:

p`mpn` xujyu iwgac lc` nmux mf xljy`x um bjgaujga bgagbb ijnjah` ga ul`gy jhhmaux ga mye`y

um jvmge _ymfgu uj|! Ul`y` sgnn i` am xgcagfghjau `ff`hu mf UM_ uj| xwxu`b ma gauyjejw uyjegac jae

Fuy` mpugmax uyjegac i`hjx` ul` nmmx`y nmmx`x `|uyj 5% mf ul` nmxx jbmau manw ga ul`

gauyjejw uyjegac! _`mpn` sgnn py`f`y um iw xljy`x ma ul` nmac u`yb jae jaajn wg`ne ijxgx! Ul`w

gav`xu ga ul` hmbpjag`x slghl cgv` ljaexmb` egvgeàex w`jy jfu`y w`jy!

UM_ Uj| xwxu`bx fgv` bjga mik`hugv`x jy` :'Ul` uj| hmnn`hugmax fymb

p`mpn`. 9' ul` egxuygiugma mf y`và`x fymb cmv`yabàux um p`mpn` ga ul` fmyb mf xixgeg`x.

y`ng`f faex ga ul` `vàu mf ajuyjn hjnjbgug`x ngd` `jyul zjd`x. fnmmex. fjbga`x. pàxgmax.

hjxl uyjaxf`yx umsjyex bmaulnw yjugmax. lmxpgujn ignnx. èhjugma ignnx. ù!. 8' pymvgegac jnn

ijxgh x`yvgh`x gahnegac y`cgxuyjugmax mf bmvjin` jae gbbmvjin` pymp`yug`x. eygvgac nghàh`x.

jgy. ix. uyjga ughdùx. p`ybgux. nghàh`x. pjwbàu mf `n`huyghguw. u`n`plma` ignnx. sju y h`xx.

lmx` uj|`x. gxx` mf vmu`y ngxux jae vmu`y xngpx. igyul jae e`jul y`cgxuyjugmax. hàxx fgcy`x

ju `v`yw ejw. `v`yw lmy. `v`yw bgau` ,angd` ju `v`yw e`hje` ga ul` py`xàu xwxu`b'.

5' nàegac bma`w um imyyms`yx ju ul` nms`xu _NY ,jv`yjc` 8%p`y jaab'! Jnn ul`x`mik`hugv`x hja i` bù jae hjyygè ulymcl ijadx-x`yvgh` hàuy`x um jnn p`mpn` ju xgacn`

sgaems. xgujuè a`jy`xu um ul`gy lmb`x ,0' gbpn`bàujugma mf s`nfjy` xhl`b`x um IHx. XHx.

XUx. umsjyex èhjugma. x`nf `bpnmwbàu jae mul`y jy`jx. jae bmaulnw pàxgmax um xàgmy

hgug{àx ,sgul am my pjnuyw gahmb`x' jae plwxghjnnw hljnnàcè!

UM_ Uj| xwxu`bx bjga mik`hugv`x sgnn i` hjyygè ulymcl ijadx-x`yvgh`

hàuy`x ju jixmnu`nw fy`` mf hmxu! Ul` lc` `|pàeguy` hmxu i`gac gahyyè iw ul` vjygmx

Xuju` Cmv`yabàux jae Hàuyjn Cmv`yabàu fmy uj| hmnn`hugmax ulymcl egff`yàu uj| hmnn`hugma

e`pjyubàux sgnn i` xjvè! Ulx ul` lc` uj| hmnn`hugma `|pàeguy` xjvè hja i` iùu`y

ugngxè fmy pymvgegac fy`` l`jnul hjy` x`yvgh` jae èhjugma um jnn p`mpn` mf ul` ajugma!

Jnn ul` `jyagacx-xjvgacx mf ja gaegvgejn e`pmxguè ga ul`gy y`xp`hugv`jhhmaux ,BXJ-XXJ' ga ul` fmyb mf ab`yghjn-egcgujn vjn` hja i` ugngxè ju jaw ugb` fmy

iwgac mf bmvjin` my gbbmvjin` pymp`yuw my fmy jaw mul`y n`cjnnw jnnmsè pypmx`! Ul`

augngxè e`pmxgux sgnn i` egxiyxè jx nmjax um ul` imyyms`yx iw ul` ijadx ju ul` nms`xu

nàegac yju` ,jv`yjc` 8% p`y jaab jx mp`yjugac hmxu'! Ul` umujn pymfgux ,ja `xugbjuè

65.738hymy`x' cmu iw jnn ul` ijadx- x`yvgh` hàuy x sgnn i` bmy` ulja àmcl um mp`yju` ul`b

jae ul`w hja b`ù jnn ul` mik`hugv`x mf UM_ Uj| xwxu`b g!`! pymvgegac jnn ijxgh x`yvgh`x um p`mpn`

ju jixmnu`nw fy`` mf hmxu ju xgacn` sgaems!

_ingh Egxuygiugma Xwxu`b sgnn i` hjyygè ulymcl ijadx-ijadgac x`yvgh`

hàuy`x!

Ul` UM_ Uj| xwxu`b xcc`xux egxuygiugma mf bmaulnw yjugmax ga ul` fmyb mf hjxl `zjnngac

ul` umujn hmxu mf cyjgax jae xixgew pmyugma mf d`ymxà`-N_C. xcjy. hmmdgac mgn. uyjaxf`yyè

egy`hunw um ul` Bjga Xjvgacx Jhhmaux ,BXJ' mf fjbgng`x. slmx` jaajn gahmb`x jy` n`xx ulja

Yx!:. 0?.??? my jx e`hgeè iw ul` Cmv`yabàu ju ul` iecù py`xàujugma `v`yw w`jy! Ul`

bmaulnw hjxl uyjaxf`yx xlmne i` bje` ma ul` :xu

mf `v`yw bmaul um ul` smbàx BXJ mf `jhl

fjbgnw! Ulgx xwxu`b sgnn x`yv` `gclu pypmx`x! ,:' Ul` `bpms`ybàu mf smbà hja i`

jhlg`vè ju n`jxu um xmb` `|uàu! ,9' Ul` bgxx` mf augngxè yjugma ,ygh`-sl`ju. d`ymxà`.

xcjy. hmmdgac mgn ùh!.' iw ul` e`jn`yx sgnn i` hyiè! ,8' Ul`y` sgnn i` am jenu`yjugma mf eg`x`n

jae pùymn sgul augngxè -bgxxè d`ymxà` ulymcl _EX! ,5' Ul` lgul`yum hgyhgumx. hmxunw

jae hmyypugma ygeeà _EX sgnn i` cma`! ,0' Ul` pygh`x mf hmbbmegug`x sgnn hmb` emsa

xixujaugjnnw! ,6' _`mpn` hja iw zjnguw cyjgax mf ul`gy hlmmxgac iw xgac hjxl! ,3' Ul` pygh` mfd`ymxà` hja i` bje` ma pjy sgul eg`x`n `ngbgajugac jenu`yjugma mf eg`x`n jae pùymn! ,


22/49


23/49


UM_ Uj| xwxu`b


Ump Uj| xwxu`b xcc`xux ul` Hjxl y`x`yv` Yjugm HYY p`ybjaàunw ju :?%! Jnn ul` nmjax

ujdà iw jaw p`yxma sgnn i` y`hmyeè jae bjgaujgaè ga ul` xi fmne`y hjnnè Eìu bma`w

fmne`y mf lgx-l`y Bjga Xjvgacx Jhhmau! Ul` nmja bma`w gx hjnnè Eìu bma`w! Xgbgnjynw ul`

imyymsgacx mf bma`w ,nmjax' fmy gaexuyg`x ya iw hmypmyju` hmbpjag`x my pingh hmbpjag`x

sgnn i` y`hmyeè jae bjgaujgaè ga ul` xi fmne`y hjnnè Eìu bma`w fmne`y mf Hmypmyju`

Jhhmau Abi`yx ,HJAx' mf ulmx` hmbpjag`x! Ul` umujn bma`w ga jnn BXJx. XXJx. HJAx. Ijad

jhhmaux jae Cmv`yabàu jhhmaux sgnn i` hmaxujau ulymclmu ul` w`jy sgul j nguun` vjygjugma

mf !?:% i`hjx` mf bgagxhn` pjp`y hyyàhw! Ul` umujn nmjax-jevjah`x cgvà iw jnn Ijadx

,y`hmyeè jx Eìu bma`w ga E`pu bma`w fmne`yx mf BXJx jae HJAx' xlmne amu i` bmy` ulja

53!83% ,gf HYY 2 :?%' mf ul` umujn bma`w-ngzge bma`w ,bma`w slghl gahne`x imul y`jn

bma`w jae nmja bma`w' ga jnn BXJx. XXJx. HJAxjae Ijadx msa hjpgujn bma`w!

Ul` bma`w fmne`y mfIjadx Jhhmau sgnn ljv` gux hjpgujn bma`w jae pymfgux! Gu gx hjnnè

hjpgujn bma`w-fg|è bma`w! Gu gx hjnnè jx fg|è bma`w i`hjx` gu hjaamu i` cgvà jx nmja jx

y`jn bma`w! Ul` ijadx hjpgujn bma`w sgnn i` xè um pjw xjnjyg`x jae umsjyex mul`y mp`yjugachmxux mf ulju ijad! Jnn ul` nmjax cgvà iw gu sgnn i` y`hmyeè ga jamul`y xi fmne`y hjnnè nmja

bma`w fmne`y! Gux ab`yghjn fgcy`x xlmne i` ga yè hmnmy! @v`yw ugb` ul` ijad cgv`x nmjax.

ul` Ijadx hjpgujn bma`w-fg|è bma`w xlmne amu i` hljacè! Iu ul` cgvà nmja bma`w sgnn

i` jeeè um ul` Ijadx nmja bma`w jhhmau ga nmja bma`w fmne`y! Hmyy`xpmaegacnw ul` nmja

jbmau sgnn i` jeeè um ul` ngzge bma`w jhhmau mfBXJ my XXJ my HJA. slm ljx ujdà ulju

nmja. jae ju ul` xjb` ugb` ul` nmja jbmau sgnn i` y`hmyeè ga ul` Eìu bma`w fmne`y mf ul`

xjb` BXJ my XXJ my HJA! Slà j nmja gx y`pjge. ul` pygahgpn` jbmau mf ulju nmja sgnn cm ga um

ul` nmja bma`w jhhmau mf ulju Ijad jhhmau jae nmja jbmau ga yè hmnmy e`hy`jx`x iw ul`

y`pjge nmja jbmau! Iu ul` gau`y`xu jbmau mf ulju nmja xlmne i` hyèguè um ul` Ijadx

hjpgujn bma`w-fg|è bma`w! Xgbgnjynw slà`v`y j nmja gx y`pjge ulymcl jaw BXJ my HJA ul`pjge jbmau sgnn i` e`hy`jxè fymb imul ul` ngzge bma`w jhhmau jae eìu bma`w jhhmau

mf ul` xjb` BXJ my HJA! _n`jx` amu` ulju slà Ijad,\' cgv`x nmjax. gux hjpgujn bma`w-fg|è

bma`w smne amu hljac` iu gahy`jx`x slà gau`y`xu ma nmjax pjge um gu. jae e`hy`jx`x slà

Ijad,\'x xjnjyg`x jae mul`y mp`yjugac hmxux jy` pjge! Ijadx xjnjyg`x jae mul`y

yaagac-mp`yjugac hmxux xlmne i` pjge fymb ul` hjpgujn bma`w-fg|è bma`w mf ul` Ijadx

Jhhmau! Xm ul` hjpgujn bma`w-fg|è bma`w bgax ul` gagugjn hjpgujn jy` Ijadx pymfgux! Gf ul`

hjpgujnbma`w-fg|è bma`w ga ul` ijadx bma`w fmne`y jy` n`xx ulja ul` Ijadx gagugjn hjpgujn

gav`xubàu ulju b`jax ul` ijad gahyyè nmxx`x!

Ul` UM_ Uj| xwxu`b xcc`xux HYY ,Hjxl Y`x`yv` Yjugm' um i` jymae :?%! Ul` umujn

nmjax-jevjah`x cgvà iw j Ijad,\'. y`hmyeè ga ul` nmja bma`w fmne`y mf Ijadx Jhhmau .xlmne amu i` bmy` ulja 53!83% ,gf HYY 2 :?%' mf ul` umujn bma`w xumyè ga jnn BXJx. XXJx.

HJAx mp`yjuè iw jnn gux iyjahl`x. jae Ijad,\'x msa hjpgujn gav`xubàu-ngzge bma`w jae

pymfgux ,gf jaw'! Ul` umujn bma`w-ngzge bma`w ga jnn BXJx. XXJx jae HJAx gavjygjinw gahne`x

ul` y`jn bma`w jae nmjaè bma`w cà`yjuè iw ul` Ijadx! Iu ul` Ijadx hjpgujn

bma`w-fg|è bma`w gx py`nw y`jn bma`w! Ulgx umujn bma`w sgnn d``p hljacgac hmaugamxnw!

Xm ul` jv`yjc` umujn bma`w mf jnn jhhmaux fmy ma` w`jy mf jnn iyjahl`x mf ulju pjyughnjy

Ijad,\' xlmne i` ujdà ga um jhhmau slgn` cgvgac nmjax! Ulgx `v`y hljacgac jv`yjc` umujn sgnn

i` jumbjughjnnw jvjgnjin `v`yw ejw iw hmbpu`y xmfusjy` xwxu`b gux`nf! Ju ul` xjb` ugb` ul`

umujn nmjaè bma`w-jevjah`x mf jnn ul` iyjahl`x mfIjad,\' xlmne amu `|h`è aga` ugb`x ul`

vjn` mf ulju pjyughnjy Ijad,\'x Hjpgujn bma`w-fg|è bma`w! Ju am ugb` ul` Ijad,\'x nmjabma`w-jevjah`x ga ul` nmja bma`w fmne`y xlmne `|h`è aga` ugb`x ul` ijad,\'x hjpgujn

bma`w-fg|è bma`w. jae bmy` ulja 53!83% mf ul` umujn bma`w ga jnn BXJx. XXJx jae HJAx


24/49


UM_ Uj| xwxu`b


,mp`yjuè iw gu' jae gux msa hjpgujn bma`w-fg|è bma`w! Ul` umujn nmjax-jevjah`x ,y`hmyeè ga

yè hmnmy ga nmja bma`w fmne`yx' cgvà iw jnn ijadx ulymclmu ul` hmauyw xlmne i` `zjn um

jnn Eìu bma`w-nmja bma`w ujdà iw gaegvgejnx jae hmbpjag`x y`hmyeè ga Eìu bma`w

fmne`yx mf BXJx jae HJAx! Ul` pmxxgin` hjxl y`x`yv` yjugmx jae hmyy`xpmaegac nmja yjugmx um

umujn bma`w jy` jx fmnnmsx! Gf HYY 2 0%. ulà nmja yjugm 2 5

5

2 7%. ulà nmja yjugm 2 53!65%! Ul` bj|gbb nmja-hyègu ulju hja i` nàu jx nmja iw ijadx ma

ul` y`jn bma`w :?? sgnn i` 7? jae ul` umujn bma`w ga hgyhnjugma sgnn i` :7?! Gu sgnn i` hjnnè jx

ngzge bma`w! Ga mul`y smyex slà HYY 2 :?%. ulà ul` umujn hyègu ulju hja i` cà`yjuè. nàu

jae jeeè um ul` y`jn bma`w sgnn i` 7?% mf y`jn bma`w! Gu gx ul` x`nf bma`wxppnw mf ijadgac

xwxu`b xcc`xuè iw ul` UM_ Uj| xwxu`b!

Ul` umujn hjpgujn bma`w-fg|è bma`w mf jnn ijadx ga ul` hmauyw xlmne i` ju n`jxu ma`

agaul mf ul` umujn nmja bma`w y`hmyeè ga ul` eìu bma`w fmne`yx mf jnn BXJx. XXJx. HJAx. jae

ma` agaul mf ul` umujn nmja bma`w y`hmyeè ga yèhmnmy ga nmja bma`w fmne`yx mf jnn Ijadx! Jxul` ijadx pymfgux gahy`jx`x. ul` hjpgujn gahy`jx`x! Ul` ijadx pymfgux sgnn i` damsa `v`yw ejw.

`v`yw lmy jae `v`yw bgau` `và um j njwbja! Ul` bj|gbb pymfgu j Ijad,\' sgul jnn gux

iyjahl`x hja jhlg`v` ga j fgajahgjn w`jy 2 ,ul` jv`yjc` jaajn xgbpn` gau`y`xu 8 % | 7 ugb`x mf

gux hjpgujn bma`w' $ y`cgxuyjugma hljyc`x Mp`yjugac hmxu! Ulju b`jax. pymfgu 2 ,93% mf gux

hjpgujn bma`w' $ y`cgxuyjugma hljyc`x mp`yjugac hmxu! Ul` bgagbb pymfgu j Ijad,\' sgul jnn

gux iyjahl`x hja jhlg`v` ga j fgajahgjn w`jy 2 ,xgbpn` gau`y`xu 8 % \ ? !7 ugb`x mf gux msa hjpgujn

bma`w slà am y`jn bma`w gx jvjgnjin` ga jnn BXJx. XXJx jae HJAx mp`yjuè iw gu' $

y`cgxuyjugma hljyc`x Ijadx mp`yjugac hmxu! Xm ul` pymfgux e`pàe pma ul` umujn bma`w

jvjgnjin` ga jnn BXJx. XXJx. HJAx. ul` ijad mp`yju`x. jae Ijadx msa hjpgujn bma`w! Ulgx gx ul`

x`nf y`cnjugac xwxu`b mf bma`w xppnw ga ul` `hmambw! Ul` Ijadx hjxl y`x`yv`x. um i` nàu jxnmjax. e`hy`jx`x gf y`jn bma`w ga jnn BXJx. XXJx jae HJAx mp`yjuè iw gu e`hy`jx`x! Gf umujn

y`jn bma`w ga jnn BXJx. XXJx jae HJAx 2 _. HYY 2 :?%. jaajn jv`yjc` xgbpn` gau`y`xu 2 8%.

mp`yjugac hmxu mf ijadx 2 W jae umujn y`cgxuyjugma hljyc`x mf jnn gbbmvjin` jae bmvjin`

pymp`yug`x 2 \. ulà ul` umujn pymfgux p`y jaab cmu iw jnn Ijadx ga ul` hmauyw 2 T,_"_-:?' \

8-:??R $ \W! Ulju b`jax umujn pymfgux 2 93_-:??? $ \ W! Ulju gbpng`x pymfgux 2 ,?!?93% mf _'

$ \ " W! Ul`x` bj|gbb pymfgux sgnn ljv` um i` xljyè iw jnn Ijad mp`yjumyx ga ul` hmauyw!

@jhl Ijad mp`yjumyx pymfgu sgnn e`pàe p ma ul` y`jn bma`w jvjgnjin` ga jnn BXJx. XXJx jae

HJAx gu mp`yju`x! Xm. ul` Ijad mp`yjumyx sgnn vg` sgul ma` jamul`y fmy bmy` jhhmaux iw

pymvgegac pymbpu jae zjnguw x`yvgh`x um gux hxumb`yx! Y`jn bma`w b`jax umujn ngzge bma`w

bgax umujn nmja bma`w-eìubma`w cgvà iw ijadx! _n`jx` x`` pjc` abi`y :< jae :7 fmypmxxgin` mp`yjugac hmxu mf ul` Ijadx jae ul`gy pymfgux! Ijadx hjpgujn gav`xubàu hjaamu i`

sguleyjsa fymb ul` ijad an`xx gu gx `|h`èè ma` agaul vjn`x mf gux umujn nmjax cgvà! Ga

mul`y smyex. manw ul` `|uyj bma`w. slghl b`jax pymfgux. mv`y ul` gagugjn hjpgujn gav`xubàu. hja

i` sguleyjsa fymb ul` Ijad iw gux pymbmu`yx! UM_ Uj| xwxu`b àxy`x ulju bma`w xppnw em`x

amu cù xujcajuè ga ul` fgajahgjn xwxu`b jx `|h`xx y`x`yv`x i`hjx` mf ul`x` fmnnmsgac fjhumyx!

Ul` fgyxu ma` gx ul` _ymfgu Uj| slghl hmaxujaunw pbpx bma`w ijhd ga um ul` fgajahgjn xwxu`b!

Ul` x`hmae ma` gx ul` ngbguè pjp`y hyyàhw slghl umujnnw y`bmv`x injhd bma`w. j xuymaclmne

mf xujcajuè jae lgi`yajuè bma`w ga y`h`xxgma p`ygmex! Ul` ulgye fjhumy gx nms gau`y`xu yju`x

jae fjxu`y xjahugmagac mf nmjax i`hjx` jnn hmbpmaàux mf bma`w jae s`jnul jy` y`hmyeè.

xumyè. bjgaujgaè jae xè ga ul` xjb` BXJx jae HJAx!@v`yw w`jy. jeegugmajn y`jnbma`w `zjnngac 09!68% mf ul` vjn` mf ul` cymsul ga ul`

CE_ bgax ul` vjn` mf ul` cymsul ,gf jaw' ga ul` `|pmyux slà hmbpjyè um njxu w`jy. xlmne


25/49


UM_ Uj| xwxu`b


i` jeeè um ul` Cmv`yabàu jhhmau ju ul` ugb` iecù py`xàujugma um hl`hd e`fnjugma jae

y`h`xxgma! Ul` bjkmy pmyugma ,0?%' mf ulgx jeeè bma`w xlmne i` jnnmhjuè umsjyex pàxgmax

um xàgmy hgug{àx slm ljv` am my pjnuyw gahmb`x! Ul` y`bjgagac pmyugma xljnn i` jnnmhjuè um

s`nfjy` xhl`b`x. l`jnul hjy` x`yvgh`x. jae èhjugma jae gafyjxuyhuy` x`humyx! Mah` ulgx y`jn

bma`w gx jeeè jae b`ycè ga ul` hgyhnjugac bma`w. ul` y`bjgagac pmyugma mf 53!83% mf ul`

vjn` mf ul` cymsul ga ul` CE_ bgax ul` vjn` mf ul` cymsul ,gf jaw'. sgnn jnxm i` cà`yjuè

ulymcl nmjax jx eìu bma`w-nmja bma`w iw ul` ijadx jae jeeè um ul` hgyhnjugac bma`w ga

ul` fgajah` xwxu`b! Ul` ijadx pymfgux sgnn gahy`jx` ulymcl gau`y`xux ma ulgx jeegugmajn nmja

bma`w `v`yw w`jy! UM_ Uj| xwxu`b xcc`xux ulju umujn ngzge bma`w ,y`jn bma`w jae eìu

bma`w-nmja bma`w' um i` a`h`xxjyw fmy hgyhnjugma ga ijadx xlmne i` ju ul` bgagbb n`v`n

:9?% jae ju bj|gbb n`v`n :0?% mf ul` vjn` mf CE_ mf ul` hmauyw! Jxxbgac ulju `jhl

hmbbmeguw-x`yvgh` gx hljacè ljaex uly`` ugb`x ga ul` hmaxb`y. yùjgn`y. e`jn`y jae

bjafjhuy` hljga. ul` hwhn`x mf ul` umujn bma`w ga ul` hgyhnjugma sgnn i` ju jv`yjc` uly`` p`y

w`jy!Ul` umujn bma`w ,ngzge bma`w'. Eìu Bma`w-nmjaè bma`w. xljy`x-xumhdx. bmvjin`

pymp`yug`x. jae gbbmvjin` pymp`yug`x mf gaegvgejnx my gaexuyg`x sgnn i` xumyè. y`hmyeè.

bjgaujgaè jae uyjaxfmybè ga ul` xjb` jhhmaux mf BXJx jae HJAx! Ul` bmvjin` jae

gbbmvjin` pymp`yug`x hja i` bmyucjcè jae uyjaxfmybè ga um ngzge bma`w fmy p`yxmajn.

ixga`xx my gaexuyw pypmx`! Xgah` jnn ul` bma`w. eìux. xljy`x jae jxxùx jy` y`hmyeè. ngadè

jae hmvjnàunw imaeè umcùl`y ae`y egff`yàu fmne`yx ga ul` xjb` Bjga Xjvgacx Jhhmau ga

ul` hjx` mf gaegvgejnx jae ga ul` hmypmyju jhhmau abi`yx ga ul` hjx` mf hmbpjag`x4 ul`

pymh`xx mf nmja xjahugma sgnn i` fjxu`y jae xbmul`y! Ul`y` sgnn i` am e`fjnux ma nmjax jae

amap`yfmybgac jxxùx hjnnè A_Jx! Mah` ul` nmjax jy` y`pjge ul` jxxùx sgnn i` y`n`jxè fymb

bmyucjc` gaxujaunw! Ul` umujn y`jn bma`w jae Eìu bma`w-nmja bma`w. ul` y`jn jxxùx jaebmyucjcè jxxùx mf ja gaegvgejn my j hmbpjaw hja i` `jxgnw egxugacgxljin`! Ga ul` py`xàu

xwxu`b bma`w. xljy`x. bmvjin` jae gbbmvjin` pymp`yug`x jy` y`hmyeè jae bjgaujgaè iw

egff`yàu gaxuguugmax. e`pjyubàux jae jcàhg`x! Nmja bma`w-jevjah`x jy` bjgaujgaè ga

x`pjyju` jhhmaux! Xm ul` y`jn bma`w jae nmjaè bma`w-hyègu bma`w jy` bgacnè umcùl`y

i`wmae y`hmcagugma jae amu `jxgnw egxugacgxljin` iw hyxmyw xuew mf ul` jhhmaux! Ul`

py`xàu xwxu`bx bnugpn` cà`yjugma mf bma`w xppnw ulymcl nmjax ma nmjax gx jhujnnw

esjyfgac ul` y`jn bma`w jae hjxgac ahmauymnnè gafnjugma jae jhhbnjugma mf bma`w ga j

f`s pmhdùx!

Slw ul` xcc`xuè UM_ Uj| xwxu`b xcc`xux umujn y`bmvjn mf

gau`y`xu yju`x ma e`bjae e`pmxgux jae fg|è e`pmxgux=Jaw uynw e`bmhyjugh Cmv`yabàu xlmne àxy` ulju s`jnul fnmsx

fymb ul` yghl um ul` pmmy! Iu afmyuaju`nw ul` gav`yx` gx ljppàgac ga ul` py`xàu xwxu`b!

Bma`w ljx i`à hmaxujaunw uyjaxf`yygac fymb ul` ljv`"amux um ul` ljv`x ga ul` fmyb mf

gau`y`xu yju`x ma e`bjae e`pmxgux jae fg|è e`pmxgux! Ul` yghl jy` i`hmbgac yghl`y iw ju

n`jxu


26/49


UM_ Uj| xwxu`b


ljye amu manw um `jya fmy ul`bx`nv`x iu jnxm um pjw ul` gau`y`xu ma ul` e`pmxgux mf ul` yghl.

jnulmcl gaegy`hunw. iw iwgac gau`y`xu hmbpmaàu gahneè hmbbmegug`x-x`yvgh`x ju lgcl`y

pygh`x! Ul` ljv`"amux jy` pjwgac ul` àugy` gau`y`xu jbmaux ma e`pmxgux jae xjvgacx `gul`y

egy`hunw my gaegy`hunw iw e`fjnu! Gaxu`je mf xgac bma`w jx bègb fmy uyjaxf`y mf

hmbbmegug`x my x`yvgh`x iùs`à p`mpn`. ul` bma`w gux`nf gx i`gac xè jx ja jxxù um

cà`yju` gahmb`x ulymcl gau`y`xux! Ul` jhhbnjugma jae xujhdgac mf bma`w iw ja

gaegvgejn gx cà`yjugac bma`w fmy pymcàw cà`yjugma jfu`y cà`yjugma! Ul` cà`yjugma mf

bma`w ma xumyè bma`w gx amulgac iu j eèhugma mf bma`w fymb ljye `jyagac smydgac

hnjxx! Ulgx pjyjxgugh pmnghw mf ul` yghl. f`ègac ma ul` pmmy iw xjppgac jnn ul`gy à`ycw um ul`

xp`yajhnb. sgnn i` àeè sgul ul` jempugma jae gbpn`bàujugma mf UM_ Uj| xwxu`b! UM_

Uj| xwxu`b sgnn àxy` ulju bma`w sgnn i` py`nw xè jx bègb fmy uyjaxf`y mf

hmbbmegug`x my x`yvgh`x jbmac p`mpn`!

Làh` ul` UM_ Uj| xwxu`b xcc`xux umujn y`bmvjn mf gau`y`xux ma fg|è

e`pmxgux jae e`bjae e`pmxgux! Ul` yghl sgnn ljv` um xpàe `|jhunw ul` jbmau ul`w `jya myxjv` jae amu j pàaw bmy` cmu iw vgyu` mf gau`y`xu! Iu ju ul` xjb` ugb` ul` yghl sgnn ljv`

cy`ju`y ià`fgux ga ul` UM_ Uj| xwxu`b! Ul`w a`è amu pjw Gahmb` uj| ju jnn! Ul`w hja xpàe

slju`v`y bma`w ul`w `jya sgulmu imul`ygac jimu jhhmaugac. jegugac jae gahmb` uj|

yùyax! Ul` umujn bma`w. xjvè fymb gahmb` uj| ma àugy` `jyagacx-xjvgacx eygac ul`gy ngf`

ugb`. sgnn i` bmy` ulja ul` gau`y`xu nmxu ma ul`gy e`pmxgux! Bmy` gbpmyujaunw ul` pmmy sgnn cù

bma`w ju nms gau`y`xu yju`x ,9% p`y jaab'! Ul`w sgnn ljv` ul`gy msa lmb`x jae ul`w sgnn

cù `xxàugjn hmbbmegug`x ju bhl hl`jp`y pygh`x ulja umejw!

_y`xàunw. bjkmy xljy` mf y`và`x mf imul Hàuy` jae Xuju`x gx i`gac cmiinè p

iw ul` lc` iyeà hmxu mf gau`y`xu pjwbàux ma gau`yajn imyymsgacx! Ul` lc` jbmaux

xjvè ma gau`y`xu pjwbàux iw ul` Hàuyjn jae Xuju` cmv`yabàux ma gau`yajn imyymsgacxhja i` ugngxè um pymvge` fy`` l`jnul hjy` x`yvgh`x jae zjnguw èhjugma um jnn p`mpn` mf ul`

hmauyw! Gu gx uy` ulju xmb` mf ul` xàgmy hgug{àx y`nw xmn`nw ma bmaulnw gau`y`xu pjwbàux

ma ul`gy ngf` ugb` xjvgacx! Làh` gu gx jixmnu`nw gbp`yjugv` ulju ul` bjkmy pmyugma mf ul`

xjvè gau`y`xu ma gau`yajn imyymsgacx iw ul` Hàuy` jae Xuju`x jae ul` xjvè uj| hmnn`hugma

`|pàeguy` hmxu xlmne i` cgvà um jnn xàgmy hgug{àx ,sgul am my pjnuyw gahmb`x' jimv` ul`

jc` mf 60 w`jyx jx pàxgma `v`yw bmaul!

Jnn ul` py`xàu ejw hlgu fae hmbpjag`x. fgajahgjn gaxuguugmax sgnn ljv` um hljac` ul`gy

mp`yjugmax jae x`yvgh`x jae uyjaxfmyb gaum ijadgac x`yvgh` hàuy`x! UM_ Uj| xwxu`b y`zgy`x

0. ??.??? ijadgac x`yvgh` hàuy`x ,x`` pjc` abi`y :6'! Ul` nmxx mf `bpnmwbàu ga ul` uj|

hmnn`hugma e`pjyubàux jae _EX sgnn i` hmbpàxjuè iw bjagfmne `bpnmwbàu cà`yjugmaulymcl njyc` abi`y mf ijadgac x`yvgh` hàuy`x. lc`nw `|pjaeè l`jnul hjy`. èhjugma.

gafyjxuyhuy`. jcym. gyygcjugma jae mul`y x`humyx! X`` pjc` :6 um :7! Ul` bjkmy xljy mf

y`và`x ulju gx i`gac xpàu ma gau`y`xu pjwbàux ma gau`yajn imyymsgacx. uj| hmnn`hugma. mv`y

xg{è Cmv`yabàu bjhlga`yw jae _EX. ,slghl em`x amu pymp`n `hmambgh jhugvguw jae hy`ju`

gafyjxuyhuy` jae jxxùx'. sgnn i` iùu`y ugngxè ma gafyjxuyhuy` pymk`hux. l`jnul hjy` x`yvgh`x.

èhjugma. gyygcjugma. jcyghnuy` jae mul`y x`humyx um gaeh` lc` e`v`nmpbàu. `bpnmwbàu

cà`yjugma. jae jnn"ymae e`v`nmpbàu mf gaegvgejnx jae hmauyw jx j slmn`! Ul`x` lc`

gav`xubàux ma gafyjxuyhuy` sgnn fyul`y jhh`n`yju` `hmambgh cymsul sl`y` bmy` uj|

y`và`x jy` f`jxgin` um pymvge` jnn ijxgh a`èx mf p`mpn`! J hmauyw slghl jempux jae

gbpn`bàux ulgx UM_ Uj| xwxu`b ,J a`s uj|jugma xwxu`b' sgnn i` ma ygclu uyjhd ju fjxu`y cymsulyju` ga am ugb`! Ulgx sgnn yèh` mv`y e`pàeàh` ma `|u`yajn imyymsgacx ju lgcl gau`y`xu yju`

ae`y jev`yx` u`ybx jae hmaegugmax!


27/49


UM_ Uj| xwxu`b


Ump Uj| xwxu`b yax ma ngbguè pjp`y hyyàhw jae e`bju`ygjngxè bma`w

UM_ Uj| xwxu`b ulju yax ma ngbguè pjp`y hyyàhw jae e`bju`ygjngxè bma`w sgnn

ljv` fgv` egxugahu jevjaujc`x mv`y py`xàu xwxu`b slghl yax ma lc` pjp`y hyyàhw!:! Ngbguè pjp`y hyyàhw ju j nms eàmbgajugma vjn` sgnn àxy` ul` umujn `|ugahugma mf fjd`

hyyàhw!

9! Injhd bma`w sgnn jnxm b`ù ul` xjb` fju` jx p`mpn` sgnn i` fmyhè um uyjaxf`y bma`w fymb

ma` jhhmau um jamul`y jhhmau ulymcl hl`z`. eìgu hjye my manga` uyjaxf`yx fmy jnn

uyjaxjhugmax fmy p`yxmajn my ixga`xx pypmx`!

8! Yjaxmbx. `|umyugmax. iygi`x. ymii`yg`x jae jnn gnn`cjn jhugvgug`x sgnn hmb` um ja àe jx lc`

`|hljac` mf hyyàhw ju lgcl eàmbgajugma vjn`x sgnn amu i` pmxxgin` i`hjx` `v`yw

gaegvgejnx `jyagacx my xjvgacx sgnn i` ga bju`ygjngxè fmyb ga lgx-l`y BXJ my XXJx!

5! Ul`y` sgnn i` am xhmp` fmy `|hljac` mf bma`w ga plwxghjn fmyb! Jnn bma`w uyjaxf`yx sgnn i`

jhhmauè jae ulgx `ngbgaju`x uj| `vjxgma! @v`yw jhhmau sgnn i` ja gavmnaujyw uj|pjwgac

jhhmau! Ulx uj| hmnn`hugma jae uj| hmbpngjah` sgnn gavjygjinw i`hmb` ma` jae xjb`! Ul`y`

sgnn i` am uj| hmnn`hugma hmxu fmy Cmv`yabàu jae uj| hmbpngjah` hmxu fmy hgug{àx!

0! Pae`y py`xàu uj| xwxu`b gf njyc` abi`y mf p`yxmax sjaux um hjah`n ul`gy e`pmxgux jae

sguleyjs ul`gy bma`w fymb ijadx ju mah` fmy ma` y`jxma my mul`y. ul` bma`w jvjgnjin` sgul

ul` ijadx sgnn amu i` xffghgàu um egxiyx` um jnn p`yxmax ju mah` hjxgac pjagh jae hljmx! Iu

ae`y UM_ uj| xwxu`b ul` jimv` xhàjygm sgnn a`v`y mhhy ae`y jaw hgyhbxujah`x i`hjx`

jaw p`yxma hja i` jnnmsè um sguleyjsgac manw j bj|gbb mf 0.??? p`y bmaul fymb lgx Bjga

Xjvgacx Jhhmau ,BXJ'. jae slju`v`y bma`w jvjgnjin` ga jnn lgx Xi Xjvgacx Jhhmaux sgnn ljv`

um i` uyjaxf`yyè fymb ulmx` jhhmaux ulymcl hl`z`. eìgu hjyex my aù ijadgac um mul`y

p`yxmax jhhmau slgn` iwgac xljy`x. njaex. fnjux. pnmux. jaw hmbbmeguw. cmmex. x`yvgh` my

jawulgac `nx` my ga hjx` gf l` sjaux um nàe bma`w um mul`y p`yxmax! L`-xl` hja uyjaxf`y jnn

lgx-l`y bma`w fymb lgx-l`y pjyughnjy BXJ my XXJ um jamul`y XXJx mf lgx-l`y msa jhhmau iw

nmxgac 5% Ump uj| ga ulgx pymh`xx

Pae`y pympmxè UM_ Uj| xwxu`b `jhl p`yxma sgnn i` jnnmsè um sguleyjs j bj|gbb mf Yx!

0??? p`y bmaul fymb xjvgacx my `jyagacx ga lgx-l`y Bjga Xjvgacx Jhhmau manw!

Ul` bmaulnw hjxl sguleyjsjn ngbgu fmy `jhl hgug{à hja i` hjnhnjuè jx fmnnmsx4 " Ul` vjn` mf

ul` TCE_ vjn` mf ulju hmauyw ,`|pmyux gbpmyux'R egvgeè iw 860! _n`jx` amu ulju `jhl

hgug{à jimv` jc` mf :0 w`jyx sgnn ljv` manw ma` Bjga Xjvgacx Jhhmau ,BXJ'! Ul` bmaulnw

sguleyjsjn ngbgu ,hjxl ga plwxghjn fmyb' sgnn vjyw fymb hmauyw um hmauyw!

Ulgx ujin` xlmsx

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