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8/10/2019 LABS Data

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Relative Density

5.0 Data Sheet

Specific gravity of Air

Specific gravity of Butane

Specific gravity of Methane

Atmospheric Pressure

Ambient Temperature

Time of effusion (s)

Air Butane Methane

1st 55.65 78.92 50.55

2nd 56.61 78.07 50.67

Average 56.13 78.42 51.61

Table 1

6.0 Analysis Of Results

Using the average effusion times the relative densities for Methane and Butane

For Butane;

R.D =t A

t A

æ

è

çö

ø

÷

2

=78.42

56.13

æ

è

çö

ø

÷

2

=1.95

For Methane;

R.D =t A

t A

æ

è

ç

ö

ø

÷

2

=51.61

56.13

æ

è

ç

ö

ø

÷

2

= 0.85

8/10/2019 LABS Data


6.1.3 Relative Density Correction

The relative densities evaluated were uncorrected values obtained on a wet

basis. So, in order to calculate the corrected relative densities on a dry basis, the

correction factors are read from table in Appendix I, and either added or

subtracted from the experimental value obtained.

These correction factor C is calculated using the expression below:

Where; C = Correction to be added or subtracted from the uncorrected value

according to its sign.

P = Percentage of water vapour in the gas

D = uncorrected relative density.

Butane:

The relative density of Butane at 20oC was calculated to be 1.95. From the table

there was no corresponding correction factor for the said value, so a linear

extrapolation cannot be carried out.

Methane:

. . R D uncorrectedR D C

0.622 ( 1)

(100 )

P DC

P

8/10/2019 LABS Data


The relative density of Methane at 20oC was calculated to be 0.85. From the table

there is no corresponding correction factor for the said value, so a linear

interpolation is carried out to obtain it.

C = 0.003+

0.85 0.8( )0.9 0.8

é

ë

ê

ê

ù

û

ú

ú

0.001+0.003( ) = 0.002

Therefore; RDmethane =0.85 0.002=0.848

Percentage. Error =0.6 0.848

0.6 100= 41.3%

GasRD

(Theoritical)

RD

(Experimental)

Percentage

Error (%)

Butane 2 1.93 3.5

Methane 0.6 0.85 -41.3

Table 2

. 100 Experimental Actual

Percentage Error Actual

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Flow Rate

5.0 Data Sheet

Experimental Conditions:

Atmospheric Pressure (from Barometer) = 749 mmHg = 0.9986 bar

Gas Inlet Pressure = 21 mbarg + 0.9986 bar = 1.0196 bar

Gas Temperature = 20o C + 273 = 293K

MSC Pressure = 1.01325 bar

MSC Temperature = 288.15 K

MSC Volume of gas (V) = 0.0798 ft3

Collected volume of H2O = 900 ml = 0.9 kg

Cycles

H2O

Temperature

(in)

H2O

Temperature

(Outlet)o C o C

1st 14.7

36.2

36.3

36.3

36.3

2nd 14.7

36.3

36.5

36.5

36.6

3rd 14.7

36.736.7

36.8

36.8

4th 14.6

36.8

36.9

36.9

37.5

Average 14.68 36.63

Table 3

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6.0 Analysis Of Results

The volume of gas used during combustion was calculated as:

oC,

F = Conversion factor to C in Btu/ft3 or MJ/m3 = 3.997

S = Specific heat of the water = 1 cal/oC

Therefore calorific value was calculated using:

s s

s

P V T V

P T

V =1.01325 0.0798 293

1.0196 288.15= 0.0806 sft

3

△T H

2o = 36.63 14.68= 21.95

C V =W s △T H

2o F

C =W s △T

H 2o F

V

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This can be expressed in MJ/m3 (st);

Error=

Error=

C =0.9 1 21.95 3.997

0.0806= 979.66 Btu / sft

3

C =979.66

26.34

=37.19 MJ /m3( st )

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