laboratory of pomology, graduate school of agriculture ... · m a n g o s t e e n chinawat...
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Mangosteen
CHINAWAT YAPWATTANAPHUN
Laboratory of Pomology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand.
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Tropical fruits
Contents
Introduction to Thailand1
Important Tropical Fruit Crops2
Utilization of mangosteen3
Phylogenetic relationships of mangosteen4
Plant regenerate from seed segments of mangosteen5
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Tropical fruits
Kingdom of ThailandLocation: Thailand is situated in the heart of the Southeast Asian mainland, covering an area of 513,115 sq.km. and extends about 1,620 kilometresfrom north to south and 775 kilometresfrom east to west.
Thailand borders the Lao People's Democratic Republic and the Union of Myanmar to the North,the Kingdom of Cambodia and the Gulf of Thailand to the East, the Union of Myanmar and the Indian Ocean to the West,andMalaysia to the south.
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Tropical fruits
Kingdom of Thailand
Climate: Thailand is a warm and rather humid tropical country with monsoonal climate. Temperatures are highest in March and April with average temperature of 28 degree Celsius to 38 degrees Celsius and humidity averaging between 82.8 percent to 73 percent
Seasons: Summer: March to May, Rainy: June to October, Cool: November to February.
Southern part : Summer : March to MayRainy: June to February
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Tropical fruits
Kingdom of Thailand
Land Used 1.13%20.40%
8.83%
8.33%
0.36%
1.61%27.85%
31.49%
Land Utilization
Forest land
UnclassifiedOther crops
Vegetable and flowers
Fruit crops
Field crops
Paddy land
Housing area
Source : DOE 20001
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Tropical fruits
Kingdom of ThailandThe Land of Tropical Fruits
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Tropical fruitsImportant Important Tropical Fruit CropsTropical Fruit Crops
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Tropical fruits
Scientific name: Durio zibethinus Murr.
Thai name: Thurian
Cultivars:
Mon Thong,
Chani, Kan Yao,
Kradum Thong
“King of Tropical Fruits”
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Tropical fruits
Rambutan
Scientific name: Nephelium lappaceum L.
Thai name: Ngo
Cultivars:
Rong Rian,
Si Chomphu
Fruiting season:
May - September
Nutrition value: high in calcium, phosphorus, vitamin C and pectin
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Tropical fruits
Rambutan
Rambutan has a unique pleasant sweet flavor
Rambutan, de-seeded, put in pineapple and
canned in syrup is very popular among foreign
customer of canned fruit
Thailand is the world’s largest producer and exporter of canned
rambutan
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Tropical fruits
Jackfruit
Scientific name: Artocarpus heterophyllus Lamk
Thai name: Khanun
Cultivar: Thong Prasert,
Leung Bangtoey
Fruiting season:
January – May
Nutrition value: high in vitamin A, sulfur, calcium and phosphorus
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Tropical fruits
Pummelo
Scientific name: Citrus maxima Merr.
Thai name: Som O
Cultivar: Thong DiKhao Nam Phueng
Fruiting season:
August - November
Nutrition value:
high in vitamins C and A
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Tropical fruits
Scientific name: Sandoricum koetjape Murr.
Thai name: Krathon
Cultivar: Tap Tim, I La,Pui Fai
Fruiting season:
May - July
Nutrition value:
high in phosphorusand vitamin C
Santol
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Tropical fruits
Scientific name: Cocos nucifera L.
Thai name: Maphrao
Cultivar: Nam HomNam Wan
Fruiting season:
All year round
Nutrition value:
high in calcium and phosphorus
Coconut
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Tropical fruits
Wax apple
Scientific name: Syzygium samarangense Merr.&Perry
Thai name: Chomphu
Cultivar: Tabtim Chan,
Thun Klao,
Phet Sai Rung
Fruiting season:all year round
Nutrition value: high in vitamin C and phosphorus
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Tropical fruits
Mangosteen
Scientific name: Garcinia mangostana L.
Thai name: Mungkhut
Cultivar: -
Fruiting season:
May - September
Nutrition value:
high in calcium,phosphorus, vitamin C
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Tropical fruits
Mangosteen
Mangosteen is a medium tree,
with 7-12 m high, It has a straight
trunk, symmetrically branched to form a
conical crown.
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Tropical fruits
Leaves are opposite, ovate
or elliptic-oblong, Leaves about 15 -25 cm long and 6-11 cm wide. A leaf
is dark green color.
Mangosteen
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Tropical fruits
Flower are solitary. There are 4 sepals
and 4 petals. Sepal is round and curve.
Petal is ovate and pink color
Mangosteen
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Tropical fruits
Mangosteen
Fruit is always best eaten when fresh. The weight of fruits varies between 75-120 g and fruits contain 2-3 well
developed seed.
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Tropical fruitsUtilization of mangosteen and related species
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Tropical fruits
Garcinia mangostana, ‘Mungkut’
Water 79.2Protein (g) 0.50Carbohydrates (g) 19.8Citric acid (g) 0.63Fibers (g) 0.30Calcium (mg) 11.0Phosphorus (mg) 17.0Iron (mg) 0.90Vitamin A (carotene) (IU) 14.0Vitamin B (thiamin) (mg) 0.09Vitamin B2 (riboflavin)(mg) 0.06Vitamin B5 (niacin) (mg) 0.10Vitamin C (mg) 66.0
Composition of mangosteen fruits (Component Per 100 g of aril)
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Tropical fruits
Garcinia mangostana, ‘Mungkut’
The fruit rind of mangosteen is
also used as the ingredient of
soap, shampoo and conditioner. The fresh fruit
are used in icecream as a
flavor
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Tropical fruits
Phylogenetic relationship of mangosteen and several wild relatives revealed by ITS sequence data
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Tropical fruits
Materials and methods
DNA extraction DNA purification
Amplification ITS regions
Sequencing Alignment
Phylogenetic Analysis
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Tropical fruits
Synonym
Consensus tree
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Tropical fruits
Neighbor-joining treeStrict consensus tree
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Mangosteen
Plant Regeneration from Seed Segments of Mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.)
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Tropical fruits
2003
Mangosteen seed
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Tropical fruits
JSPS
Kyoto University
Acknowledgements
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Mangosteen