Laboratory for Multimedia Communication in Telepresence

Renewable Energy Provisioning for ICT Services in Future Internet

Green Star Network Initiative

Mohamed Cheriet, Eng. PhD. École de technologie supérieure, Montréal,

Québec

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Outline

ICT energy & Environment

Renewable Energy Production

The Green Star Network Solution

Carbon protocol & application

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ICT Energy & Environment

Climate Change is not reversibleUrgently need to develop low carbon solutions

    ICT are a major consumer of power (8% in the US) and CO2 production which is growing at 6% per year

 The problem we face is not only Energy Efficiency though, BUT GHG Reduction

The Goal is to provide ICT Services with green energy

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Power of the ICT: Data centers

Volume of data in the world is doubled after each 18 monthsHalf of ICT consumption is data centersCO2 emission from US datacenters is greater than all CO2 emissions from Netherlands or ArgentinaPrimary IT energy consumer (at least 1% of global electrical consumption)Data centers will consume 12% of electricity in the US by 2020Coal fuels much of Internet ‘cloud’GHG emissions increase along with the volume of processing dataEnergy efficiency is not an appropriate solution

ICT Energy & EnvironmentNetwork Power Consumption

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ICT Energy & EnvironmentThe current Internet

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ICT Energy & EnvironmentExample of Data Centers

Lakeside Technology Center, Chicago 1 100 000 pc, 100 MVA

Bejing Olympic Data Center,

1 000 000 pc, 80 MVA

Next Generation DCT Newport, GB 750 000 pc, 90 MVA

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ICT Energy & EnvironmentData Centers - Challenges

What is the number one challenge your data center faces today? *

*Source: IDC Inc.

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Canada (Québec)97% hydro (present)

Up to 8% wind in 2015

Ireland14.4 % renewable electricity

10% wind

Gulf stream (?)

Norway & Sweden50% hydro

Finland33% renewable electricity (wood and peat)

Renewable Energy Production

Iceland100% renewable: hydro + geothermal

SpainMore than 20 % renewable electricity

Third largest wind energy producer

Fourth largest solar energy producer

BelgiumLess than 10% of renewable electricity

*Source: Emerson Network Power

Cooling & Climate

Cooling consumes a large portion of power Required temperature for data centers: 20oC to 22oC, or even lower (15oC)

January

Febru

ary

Marc

hApril

MayJune

July

August

Septem

ber

October

November

December

-20

-10

0

10

20

30

40

Quebec City, Quebec

Sacramento California

Washington, DC

Paris, France

Beijing, China

Mumbai , India

Sydney, Australia

Required temperature for data centers

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Separate infrastructure ownership and maintenance from usage

Data centers powered by renewable green energy source (i.e., hydroelectricity, solar, wind)

All-optical Core network

IT service is migrated among nodes when power dwindles

Virtualization and Cloud Computing must be implemented

Scalable & Flexible management for intermittent energy sources

The GreenStar Network Solution

How to keep IT service green?

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The Green Network SolutionGreenStar - World’s First Zero Carbon

Internet & Cloud

To develop low-carbon technologies, including: renewal energy like wind- and solar-

powered networks,  virtualization, carbon quantification procedures, and

tools,

To ensure ICT's carbon footprint remains under control and does not increase as the world becomes more and more reliant on information and communication technologies.

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Infrastructure ResourcesGHG Measurement

Engine(ISO 14064)

Infrastructure Metrics Aggregation

Compute Resource 1

M

Compute Resource n

M

Network Resource 1

M

Network Resource n

M

Sensor Resource 1M

Sensor Resource nM Decision Engine

Data Centre n

Metrics (M)

Compute Cluster

Network Equipment

Instruments,Sensors

GSN Green IT Pilot Goals:(i) Distributed Cloud Software(ii) Follow the Sun/Wind Energy(iii) Carbon protocol, GeoChronos

relocation

GreenStar Network Central Hub

Hydro-powered node Spokes

Sun or Wind powered nodes

The GreenStar Network Solution

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Increased CPU utilization and reduced power use Typical server utilization rate: ~10-15% (usually higher for

virtualized storage) Virtualized utilization rate: Up to 80%

Server consolidation Decreased need to purchase additional servers

Increased rack space Reduced “white space” requirements

Improved continuity and disaster recovery Virtualized servers can be mirrored in case of failure

Reduced labor costs Easier hardware provisioning and maintenance

The GreenStar Network SolutionVirtualization

In 2010, 85% of medium and enterprise customers have already started implementing virtualization

FACT:

Source: Forrester

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Computing resources Hypervisors: KVM, Xen, VMWare Guest operating system: Linux (Ubuntu, Cent OS), Windows Available templates: Desktop, Server 32 bit, Server 64 bits

Storage iSCSI NFS

Network Layer 1: Argia Layer 2: Ether Layer 3: MANTICORE / NetVirt Network address assignment (DHCP server)

Power distribution PDUs: Raritan, ServerTech

Power generators Solar power generator Wind power generator

Climate controller Raritan

The GreenStar Network SolutionWhat can be virtualized ?

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The GreenStar Network Map

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GSN Infrastructure – Network

x

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The GreenStar NetworkCloud-based Management

VM

VM

VM

VM

VM

VM

VM

VM

VM

VM

VM

VM

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ISO-14064-2 and WRI & the WBCSD defacto standard

Provide guidance for process to create carbon credits

Require that a project rely upon an accepted quantification protocol

No protocol for IT sector is yet defined !

Requirements and guidance for a quantification protocol

How to determine if the project is additional?

How to pick an appropriate baseline?

What are the sinks sources and reservoirs (SSRs) needed to measure and estimate?

How will the emissions reductions be calculated ?

How does one calculate an equivalent level of service?

GSN is the world’s first initiative

Carbon Protocol

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How Real Reductions will be Achieved

Carbon Protocol

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http://www.greenstarnetwork.com

Demonstration of GreenStar web applicationhttp://gsnmanager.greenstarnetwork.com/gsn-webclient-video/

Thank you!

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