Chemical Safety University of Colorado Colorado Springs

UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO COLORADO SPRINGSLab SafetyGlobal Hazard SystemUniversity of ColoradoColorado SpringsDivision of Environmental Health and Safety12OverviewThis training consists of four modules:Module 1: Background and OverviewModule 2: Chemical SafetyModule 3: Waste ManagementModule 4: Other Laboratory Hazards3There are four primary regulations which govern how UCCS manages hazardous materials on campus.OSHA Hazard Communication (Right-to-know) passed in 1983 significantly updated 2012

OSHA Laboratory Standard passed in 1990

Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) originally passed in 1976

Colorado Springs Fire Department

BackgroundModule 1: Background and OverviewLive GreenUCCSs Compliance MethodCampus-wide Laboratory Safety ManualMaintained by EHS available onlineLaboratory RegistrationUpdated annually by PIs, lab managersLaboratory Chemical InventoriesUpdated annually by PIs, lab managersLaboratory Specific Safety PlansPrepared by PIs, lab managers reviewed at least annually or whenever processes changeComprehensive Training ProgramsProvided annually and on-line

UCCS has adopted a comprehensive approach to meeting these requirements. The elements incorporated in the comprehensive approach are:44Live GreenUCCSs Compliance MethodConsistent message across the campus in our approach to environmental, health and safetyAllows UCCS to incorporate the requirements of several regulations into one document instead of multiple documents reduces confusion as to which one applies in this situationFocuses on the specific hazards associated with any individual labAllows us to incorporate not only chemical but also physical hazards into the same planReduces the number of different trainings that individuals have to participate inWHY USE A COMPREHENSIVE APPROACH?55Live GreenTrainingDepending on the nature of the work or research you conduct, you may need to take one or more of the courses listed on the following page. Please note that completing this lab safety course does not satisfy any other requirements. Your supervisor should inform you of which courses you need to take.

A COMMON ELEMENT6Live GreenTrainingOn-the-Job Training: You supervisor is required to lead you through individualized training for the conditions specific to your lab. Must be completed within 6 months of hire.Blood Borne Pathogens Training for Research: Required annually for all individuals who work with human blood, bodily fluids, tissues, organs, and/or cell cultures (including human cancer cell lines) or related materials.Biosafety Training: The purpose of this training module is to familiarize the Principal Investigator and lab personnel with good microbiological practices which include recognizing risk groups for biological materials, appropriate containment levels and personal protective clothing and equipment. Additional training in rDNA, shipping of biological materials, and/or animal safety may also be required.Radiation Safety Training: Required annually for all who work with radioactive materials.Respirator Training: An EHS risk assessment will determine if you need a respirator, and if so, the appropriate respirator training course will be assigned. Contact EHS for a risk assessment.

You may also contact Environmental Health and Safety (EHS) with any questions you have regarding your training requirements. Contact information for EHS is available at the end of this course. 7

Live GreenTrainingFor all staff, faculty, instructors, student employees who work or teach in a lab / anyone who will handle hazardous chemicals or hazardous waste

Complete your initial chemical safety and hazardous waste management training within 30 days of hire by taking the web-based Safety in the Laboratory course

Complete an on-the-job training (OJT) form within 6 months of hire. You and your supervisor must work together to complete this training.

Refresh your skills annually by taking the annual classroom course or the web-based course.

http://www.uccs.edu/pusafety/environmental.html

8Live GreenTrainingIf you supervise anyone who handles hazardous chemicals, you are responsible for conducting the OJT for your employees within six months of their hire, to address the specific safety requirements of their work activities and applicable safety precautions. See details of Supervisor/Principal Investigator responsibilities. Until they complete all their training requirements, new employees who handle chemicals must be directly supervised by trained employees who have current hazardous chemical management training.

9UCCS Laboratory Safety ManualProvides hazard and hazard control information for classes of chemicals and types of physical hazardsSOP for handling chemicals safelySOP for addressing physical hazardsReviews engineering controls and PPEAddresses waste stream managementCopy of LSM on the EHS websiteSources of Chemical Information10Laboratory Specific Safety PlanProvides hazard and hazard control information for specific chemicals and physical hazards found in YOUR labSOP for procedures unique to your labCopy of LSSP should be in your individual labs and available to anyone who works in YOUR labSources of Chemical Information1112Understand the updated Hazard Communication StandardUnderstand the Safety Data SheetUnderstand LabelsPictogramsSignal WordsHazard StatementsPrecautionary StatementsUnderstand the relationship of SDS and labelUnderstand storage requirementsUnderstand emergency response for chemicals ObjectivesModule 2: Chemical SafetySources of Chemical InformationLaboratory Safety ManualLaboratory Specific Safety PlansSDS NFPA Hazard Label Container Label

1314

Understanding the GHS LabelsUnderstanding the GHS Labels15Signal word: One word used to indicate the relative severity of hazard and alert the reader to a potential hazard on the label and safety data sheet. The GHS includes two signal words: Warning for less severe hazard categories and; Danger for more severe hazard categories.Hazard statement(s): Phrase assigned to each hazard category that describes the nature of the hazard. Examples of hazard statements are: Harmful if swallowed, Highly flammable liquid and vapor and Harmful to aquatic life.

Product identifiers: Names or numbers used on a hazardous product label or in a safety data sheet. They provide a unique means by which the product user can identify the chemical substance or mixture. . Understanding the GHS Labels16Other core information to be provided:Supplier identification: Under the GHS supplier identification would include the name, address and telephone number of the manufacturer or supplier of the substance. Precautionary statement(s): Phrases that describe recommended measures that should be taken to minimize or prevent adverse effects resulting from exposure to a hazardous product, or improper storage or handling of a hazardous product. These phrases cover prevention, response, storage, and disposal of products

Pictogram(s): A symbol inside a diamond with a red border, denoting a particular hazard class (e.g., acute toxicity/lethality, skin irritation/corrosion, etc.).

17GHS Hazard ClassificationDefined criteria are used to assign a hazard classification Physical Hazards 16 categoriesHealth Hazards 10 categoriesEnvironmental Hazards 2 categories

Understanding the GHS LabelsLabelsSymbols (hazard pictograms) with red borderExamples:

GHS Hazard CommunicationUnderstanding the GHS Labels1819

Understanding the GHS LabelsThese are the pictograms used in the GHS, with the hazard classes they are applied to.

The first two rows were taken from the international transport system.1920

Understanding the GHS LabelsAs a comparison, these are the transport pictograms.

They have different colors and backgrounds that are used to convey other aspects of the hazard.

They do not include words on labels or markings, so hazard is conveyed solely through the pictogram.

The symbols appear in the upper portion of the frame.As a comparison, these are the transport pictograms. They have different colors and backgrounds that are used to convey other aspects of the hazard. They do not include words on labels or markings, so hazard is conveyed solely through the pictogram. The symbols appear in the upper portion of the frame.

The GHS pictograms are the same shape as the transport pictograms so users will know that this shaped pictogram conveys hazard. However, transport participants in the harmonisation process were concerned that transport workers be able to differentiate the hazards of concern to them when labels serve a dual purpose (for example, a label on a large drum that will be seen by both transport workers and manufacturing facility workers). Since transport doesnt cover chronic health effects, for example, transport workers will be trained not to respond to the pictograms on the label to convey those types of effects.20Hazard statementsDescribe the hazards covered by the GHSIndicate the degree of severity of the hazardText of the statements has been harmonizedHarmonized statements are assigned to each hazard class and category, and have been codified (a numbering system has been applied to them for ease of reference)Physical Hazards H2XXHealth Hazards H3XXEnvironmental Hazards H4XXExample: H318 Causes serious eye damage.21Understanding the GHS Labels21Other required informationPrecautionary statements are required. The GHS includes possible statements, but they have not yet been harmonizedThere are 5 types of statements: General P1XXPrevention P2XXResponse P3XXStorage P4XXDisposal P5XXThese have been assigned to hazard classes and categories, and codified (numbered).Example: P280 Wear eye protection/face protection.22Understanding the GHS Labels22Precautionary pictogramsSome systems may choose to illustrate precautionary information using pictograms. These are not harmonized in the GHS.23

Understanding the GHS Labels23Product and supplier identificationChemical identity required for substancesFor mixtures either:All the ingredients contributing to the hazard of the mixture/alloy, orAll the ingredients contributing to any health hazards presented by the product other than irritation and aspirationSupplier identification required on all labels, including name, address, and phone number24Understanding the GHS Labels24This illustrates the elements of a GHS label.

The GHS does not specify a format for the label, but does specify that the harmonized label elements, also referred to as the core information, needs to be located together on the label.25

Understanding the GHS LabelsThis illustrates the elements of a GHS label.The GHS does not specify a format for the label, but does specify that the harmonised label elements, also referred to as the core information, needs to be located together on the label.Labels need to be legible and easily read, as well as placed on the container so they can be readily accessed.

2526ToxiFlam (Contains XYZ Hazardous Ingredients)Toxic if SwallowedHighly Flammable Liquid and VapourIF SWALLOWED: Immediately call a Poison Control Center or physician. Rinse mouth.Do not eat, drink, or use tobacco when using this product. Wash hands thoroughly after handling. Wear protective gloves and eye/face protection. Keep container tightly closed. Keep away from heat/sparks/open flame. No smoking. Ground containers and receiving equipment. Use explosion-proof electrical equipment. Take precautionary measures against static discharge. Use only non-sparking tools. Store in cool/well-ventilated place.In case of fire, use water fog, dry chemical, carbon dioxide or alcohol foam.ToxiFlam Manufacturing CompanyRoute 66, MyTown, TX 000001 555 666 8888

Understanding the GHS Labels27

Secondary ContainersLabs often pour chemicals into smaller containers for daily use these are referred to as secondary containers28

GHS vs NFPA Warning LabelsWe will still be utilizing the NFPA labels across campus.There are however some conflicts between the GHS and NFPA labeling systems. Namely the hazard ratings are in reverse order.GHS hazard ratings; however, will only appear on the SDS and not on the label.Live GreenThe NFPA label is divided into four quadrants. Each quadrant describes a specific hazard:

Blue = healthRed = flammability Yellow = reactivityWhite = special hazards

NFPA Warning Labels29Live GreenNumbers in the three colored quadrants indicate the degree of hazard, from 0-4:

0=Minimal Hazard 1=Slight Hazard2=Moderate Hazard3=Serious Hazard4=Severe Hazard

NFPA Warning Labels30Live GreenThe specific hazard in the white is abbreviated. Some of the common abbreviations are: A. OXY=Oxidizer B. ACID=Acid C. ALK=Alkali D. COR=Corrosive E. W=use no water F. The radiation symbol G. Biohazard

NFPA Warning Labels3116 sections specified in a given order of informationInformation in the beginning sections have a broad audienceMore detailed, technical information included in following sectionsSafety Data Sheets32GHS calls for a reworking of the Material Safety Data Sheets (now just Safety Data Sheets)3233

Safety Data SheetsComprehensive sources of information about substances and mixturesProvides information about the hazards, but also information to establish risk management programsAudiences for the 16 sections vary, but include workers, safety engineers, physicians, and other professionals providing protection to exposed people34Safety Data Sheets34Safety Data Sheets35

These 2 sections together contain all of the same information that you will find on the label including:

Product IdentificationSignal WordPictograms of hazardsHazard statementsPrecautionary statementsSupplier Information

Section 1, Identification includes product identifier;manufacturer or distributor name, address, phonenumber; emergency phone number; recommended use;restrictions on use.35Safety Data Sheets36

This lists the constituents that make-up the product.Section 3, Composition/information on ingredientsincludes information on chemical ingredients; trade secretclaims.36Safety Data Sheets37

If someone breathes in a chemical:Remove the person to fresh airStay with them until you are sure they are okIf symptoms persist, call 911 or campus police Report the incident to your supervisorIf someone ingests a chemical:Remove the person from the areaCall 911 or campus policeHave someone locate the SDS for instructionsReport the incident to your supervisorIf someone gets a chemical on their skin/eyes:Immediately flush for 15 minutes with cold water at an eye wash station or shower as appropriateAlways remove contacts immediately after contaminationSeek medical attention if symptoms develop (rash or hives are typical symptoms)Call 911 or campus policeSeek medical treatmentReport the incident to your supervisorSection 4, First-aid measures includes important symptoms/effects, acute, delayed; required treatment.37Safety Data Sheets38

In the event of a fireBe sure fire alarm has been activatedTurn off utilitiesExit by published evacuation routeUse fire extinguisher if fire is small

This section will also list decomposition products.lists suitable extinguishing techniques, equipment; chemical hazards from fireSection 5, Fire-fighting measures lists suitable extinguishingtechniques, equipment; chemical hazards from fire.38Accidental Release Measures39

Determine if the spill is

Incidental Spill orEmergency Response SpillIncidental Spill

A spill you can handle on your own (or with the help of a coworker)Accidental Release Measures4040Incidental Spill

How do you know if you can handle the spill? Ask yourself if you:

Have the right kind of spill cleanup materials.

Have the proper gloves, goggles and other protective equipment (i.e.: apron, face shield).

Have no exposure risk because it is a low toxicity chemical.

Have no one with a chemical exposure or injury.

Have experience or training in cleaning up this type of spill.

Have a spill that will not go down the drain.

Have spilled less than a gallon, minimizing the fire and exposure risks.Accidental Release Measures4141Incidental Spill Cleanup

How do you clean up an Incidental Spill? Follow the 4W Procedure:

Accidental Release Measures42

WrapWearWipeWarn42An Incidental spill becomes an Emergency Response spill if you:

Do not have the proper spill cleanup materials. Do not know how to safely clean it up.Do not have your PPE (gloves, goggles, lab coat) to clean it up. Have to clean up more than a gallon of a toxic or volatile liquid.

If any of these factors come into play and you cannot safely clean up your spill, and you should implement the Emergency Response spill procedure, described on the next page. Accidental Release Measures

4343Emergency Spill ResponseIf you have a chemical spill that is too large to handle on your own, or one in which you do not have the proper cleanup equipment or PPE, it is an Emergency Response spill and you should follow these 4 steps:

Warn others and evacuate the area. If there is a fire, pull the fire alarm. Secure the area: close the door, use caution tape, a sign, or post an employee (at a safe distance) to warn others not to enter.* Report the spill from a safe location. (Call the UCCS Police at 911 or x3111. Give your name, call back phone number, building name, location of release, and the name and quantity of the chemical released. Wait for the emergency responders from Environmental Health and Safety to provide them spill details.

*ImportantIf there is a fire or large-scale release of toxic or flammable gases, pull the fire alarm and evacuate all building occupants. Give verbal instructions to those in the immediate area to ensure they do not evacuate through the affected area of the chemical release.

Accidental Release Measures4444Types of EmergenciesGeneral accidents/near misses

Accident Report Form in labs

To be filled out by instructor

Even minor accidents need form

Emergency Preparedness45Safety Data Sheets467. Storage and Handling

lists precautions for safe handling and storage, including incompatibilitiesWhen different types of materials mix, anything can happen! Here are some important segregation rules:

Section 7, Handling and storage lists precautions for safehandling and storage, including incompatibilities.46Safety Data Sheets47

Hand Protection gloves pick the right one for the job and the chemicals or hazards in questionEye Protection goggles glasses face shield use the right one for the jobHearing Protection ear plugs muffsFoot Protection closed toe, closed heel, non-skidBody Protection pants, shirts, leggings, etc.Section 8, Exposure controls/personal protectionlists OSHAs Permissible Exposure Limits (PELs);Threshold Limit Values (TLVs); appropriate engineeringcontrols; personal protective equipment (PPE).47Hand Protection gloves pick the right one for the job and the chemicals in questionsChemical Handling

Laboratory Safety Manual Appendix H Glove Selection 48Latex (natural rubber)NeopreneNitrilePVCPVAButylVitonCryogenicPlastic FilmInsulated

GogglesGlassesFace Shield

use the right one for the jobChemical Handling49Safety Data Sheets50

lists the chemicals characteristics.lists chemical stability and possibility of hazardous reactions.includes routes of exposure; related symptoms, acute and chronic effects; numerical measures of toxicity.The pathway of a hazardous substance into the body is known as its exposure route. Exposure routes include:

inhalation,absorption (contact with skin or eyes),injection (needle or sharps punctures), ingestion

Exposure can cause Acute (immediate) or chronic (long-term) effects to one or more body systemsSection 9, Physical and chemical properties lists thechemicals characteristics.50Safety Data Sheets51

lists effects this chemical can have if released into the environmentGenerally very vague. All disposal should be coordinated with EHS.DOT required labeling, etc.Identifies regulations to which this chemical may be subjectOther pertinent information. Date of the SDS.Section 16, Other information, includes the date ofpreparation or last revision.51Generic Protocols for handling chemicalsWear proper PPENo eating, drinking, smoking in labNo mouth pipettingConfine long hair & loose clothingWear appropriate clothing (lab coat, no shorts or sandals)No bare arms, legs or midsectionsNo working alone in labsWash hands before leaving the labUse a fume hood when necessary

Chemical Handling52

General Protocols - continuedKnow Location of: Fire Alarm Pull Station, Eyewashes/ Showers,Fire Extinguishers,Exits,MSDSs,Spill Equipment

Chemical Handling53Storage the basicsNo food in refrigerators!Flammable storage cabinetsGas cylinders securedSegregate incompatiblesHighly reactive or toxic chemicals

Chemical Handling54Storage segregationReactives must be segregated from IgnitablesAcids must be segregated from CausticsCorrosives should be segregated from FlammablesOxidizers should be segregated from EVERYTHINGCyanides from AcidsMany Corrosives are Water ReactiveMost Organic Reactives must be segregated from Inorganic Reactives (metals)Chemical Handling55

Suspicious ContainersDont open suspicious looking, crusty or bulging containers

Chemical Handling56Special HazardsYou need to be especially vigilant with chemicals that form explosive or reactive compounds. Examples:Chemical Handling

Any ethyl etherIsopropyl etherEtherGrignard reagentDry, solid picric acid57Special HazardsExpired chemicals that form reactive compounds must be disposed of immediately; they could potentially be a time bomb!Chemical HandlingOn the EHS website is a list of peroxide forming compounds and includes storage guidelines and a method to test for peroxides.58Container labeling and Safety Data Sheets have been put in place to provide the best information possible to the individuals who handle hazardous material.

Use this information to protect you and your fellow workers Conclusion59We have been discussing:information sources for the hazardous materials you work withgeneral practices for safely working with hazardous materials; personal protective equipment to utilize with hazardous materials; and,how to handle a hazardous materials emergency

NOW

We need to discuss how YOU can help to keep other people and the environment safe from the hazardous materials once you are done with them.

Waste Management60Module 3: Waste Management

After completing this module you will be able to:

Identify who is responsible for managing chemical waste. Determine if a chemical is a regulated hazardous waste. Identify hazardous waste types by using the CRIT (Corrosive, Reactive, Ignitable, Toxic) waste characteristics.Explain proper management of various waste types, including listed waste (U, P, and F listed); universal waste (batteries, lights, computers); research chemical waste (drugs, medicine, etc.); reagent containers, and scrap glass.

Objectives61Module 3: Waste Management

After completing this module you will be able to:

Identify who is responsible for managing chemical waste. Determine if a chemical is a regulated hazardous waste. Identify hazardous waste types by using the CRIT (Corrosive, Reactive, Ignitable, Toxic) waste characteristics.Explain proper management of various waste types, including listed waste (U, P, and F listed); universal waste (batteries, lights, computers); research chemical waste (drugs, medicine, etc.); reagent containers, and scrap glass.

Objectives62Live GreenHistoryResource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) originally passed in 197640 CFR 260-268

Deals with waste managementRequires cradle to grave responsibility

6363Proper chemical/materials waste management protects our environment and helps make our planet a healthier place to live.

The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has adopted a "Cradle to Grave" approach that is defined in the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA). Accountability for chemical waste stays with the generator, which means that the waste generator is liable for any damage resulting from mismanagement of their waste, even after the waste has been shipped from the University.

That is why it is so important to properly manage hazardous chemical waste on campus

Waste Management64At this point you may be asking yourself, "Am I a hazardous chemical waste generator? Am I personally responsible for following these regulations?"

To see if you qualify as a hazardous waste generator, ask yourself two questions:

Waste ManagementDo I use or dispose of any chemicals?Do I manage people that dispose of, or could dispose of chemicals?If the answer to either of these is "yes," you are a hazardous waste generator and are responsible for managing your waste in accordance with institutional guidelines and state and federal regulations. Note that these regulations also apply to any product, drug, equipment, or instrument that contains a hazardous chemical, not just laboratory reagents.65RCRA hazardous waste regulations apply to:Spent chemicals that were "used" for their intended purposeUnused chemicals that have expiredChemicals that are no longer useable such as those that have become unstable and cannot be used safelyUnneeded surplus Waste drugs, products, and equipment that contain hazardous chemicals The RCRA rules do not apply to unused chemicals that are being stored for legitimate uses. However, you may not store materials indefinitely with no legitimate use intended. In other words, you may not speculatively accumulate chemicals.

If you know your materials are waste, the next step is to determine the type of waste you have, which brings us to the CRIT waste criteria. Waste Management66In this module we will be discussing not only RCRA hazardous waste but all waste streams generated in the labs:

The type of wastes covered in this module that you are likely to encounter are:

Waste Management67ChemicalCorrosiveReactiveIgnitableToxicListedUniversalBatteriesFluorescent bulbsElectronics and partsAerosol cansAdditionalVisualizing dyesDEA controlled drugsSome pharmaceuticalsBio-hazardous wasteWhat type of hazardous waste is it?Characteristic wasteCorrosiveReactiveIgnitableToxicF-ListedP-ListedU-Listed

Waste ManagementRemember:Unwanted or broken equipment that contains hazardous chemicals or materials (such as lead, mercury, or acid) is also considered a hazardous waste. 68Waste ManagementTip:Have you inspected the warning labels on your materials? A corrosive warning is a clue that the waste from this material may be regulated when the material becomes spent or expired. 69

Waste Management70

Waste Management71

Waste Management72

We have discussed characteristic wastes but another way a chemical can become a regulated waste is if it is on a specific regulatory list. The EPA has developed several lists of regulated hazardous wastes. If your waste type is found on any of these lists the waste must be collected for proper disposal.

F-listedP-listedU-listed

Waste Management73Take a few minutes to look at the lists below. Do you see any chemicals that you commonly work with?

F-listed wastes

F001: The following spent halogenated solvents used in degreasing (tetrachloroethylene, trichloroethylene, methylene chloride, trichloroethane, carbon tetrachloride, chlorinated fluorocarbons) and any mixture containing before use a total of 10% or more of any of the above solvents.F002: The following spent halogenated solvents (including all solvents listed above) plus chlorobenzene, trichlorofluoromethane and any mixture containing before use a total of 10% or more of any of the above solvents.F003: The following spent non-halogenated solvents: xylene, acetone, ethyl acetate, ethyl benzene, ethyl ether, MIK, n-butyl alcohol, cyclohexanone, methanol any mixture containing before use a total of 10% or more of any of the above solvents.F005: The following spent non-halogenated solvents: toluene, MEK, carbon disulfide, isobutanol, pyridine, benzene, 2-ethoxy ethanol, 2-nitropropane and any mixture containing before use a total of 10% or more of any of the above solvents.Waste Management74The P-list and the U-list (unused chemical products): These lists include specific commercial chemical products that have not been used, but that will be (or have been) discarded. Industrial chemicals, pesticides, and pharmaceuticals are examples of commercial chemical products that appear on these lists and become hazardous waste when discarded. The P- and U-lists appear in the hazardous waste regulations in 40 CFR 261.33 .

Waste Management75Universal Wastes

Universal wastes are regulated hazardous wastes that we might not recognize as "chemical" waste. Examples include:batteries, (recycle buckets around campus)fluorescent lights including CFL, (Facilities collects these)electronic circuit boards, (Facilities collects these)surplus computers, (Facilities collects these)aerosol cans, and (contact EHS for guidance)switches and devices containing mercury. (contact EHS for guidance)

Other equipment may also contain hazardous materials, including lasers and carbon containing products.

Waste Management76These items CANNOT be thrown in the regular trashOther Chemicals

Many of our research chemicals are not regulated as hazardous waste, but still must be collected for proper disposal. Examples of these chemicals are: visualizing dyes (ethidium bromide), Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) controlled substances, expired pharmaceuticals, copper sulfate, and dimethyl sulfoxide.

As a general rule, all research chemicals must be properly collected and disposed of through Environmental Health and Safety.Waste Management77Managing Empty Chemical Reagent ContainersEmpty Non-Hazardous Chemical Reagent Containers

Non-hazardous chemical reagents are not corrosive, reactive, ignitable or toxic. Non-hazardous chemicals include agar, sucrose, most cell culture media, sodium chloride, calcium chloride, sodium phosphate and other commonly used chemicals of low toxicity.

Dispose of empty non-hazardous reagent bottles/containers through Environmental Health and Safety (for re-use or recycling) or into a recycle dumpster. Be sure to mark the container as EMPTY. Your empty non-hazardous chemical reagent containers cannot have more than 3% residue remaining, even if it is only water.

If you have any partially full reagent containers holding non-hazardous or hazardous chemicals, dispose of these only through Environmental Health and Safety.

Waste Management78Managing Empty Chemical Reagent ContainersEmpty Hazardous Chemical Reagent Containers

You can save for re-use or recycle empty chemical reagent containers. Before re-use or recycle clearly mark over or remove the previous labels.

Empty chemical reagent containers can be recycled, even if they previously held a hazardous substance, as long as the previous substance was not a P-listed waste. Containers that held any P-listed chemicals must be triple-rinsed with a chemically compatible solvent before they are considered empty and can be recycled.

Water soluble P-listed wastes can be rinsed with waterWater insoluble P-listed wastes should be rinsed with an organic solventCollect all P-listed rinse solution the way you would collect any P-listed chemical and store for disposal through EHSWaste Management79Managing Scrap GlassScrap glass such as beakers, jars, flasks, un-used test tubes, large glass serological pipettes, light bulbs, and empty non-hazardous reagent bottles.

Do not discard scrap glass in the regular trash because it may injure the custodial staff. Instead, place glass in a strong cardboard box, tape the lid shut and mark it "Scrap Glass." The custodial staff will pick the box up for disposal in a trash compactor.

Many wastes are prohibited from the regular trash, therefore they cannot be discarded into a scrap glass box either.

Collect "sharps" such as syringes, razor blades, scalpels, and Pasteur pipettes in a rigid plastic Sharps container. Do not discard these wastes in a scrap glass box.

Sharps containers must be disposed of in the appropriate bio-medical waste container.

Waste Management80What can go down the drain?Process waste (non-hazardous, select rinsates with EHS approval)

What can be tossed in the trash?Paper towels, some filter paper, etc.

What needs to be recycled?Batteries, empty aerosol cans, fluorescent light tubes, empty (triple rinsed) chemical bottles

Waste Management

81What cannot be disposed of in the trash?Biohazard bags not autoclavedBroken glassChemicalsMercury thermometerSpill clean-up debris

Waste Management82Collection of Hazardous WasteNow that you know how to identify hazardous chemical wastes, let us learn about container management rules and disposal practices.

It is very important to segregate incompatible chemical wastes into separate waste containers. Improper practices may cause fires, explosions, toxic fumes, and regulatory penalties

Waste Management83Satellite Accumulation Area (SAA)A Satellite Accumulation Area (SAA) is defined as any laboratory or room where chemical wastes are initially generated or where chemical waste containers are stored at or near the point of generation.

At UCCS we manage our waste containers in SAAs.

Waste Management8485There are limits to how much hazardous waste you can store in any SAA

The maximum volumes that are permitted in any storage area are:10 gallons (37 liters) of hazardous waste per SAA1 quart (946 milliliters) of an acutely toxic waste (P-listed waste)2 gallons (3.8 liters) of flammable waste outside a flammable-rated storage cabinet

Do no exceed any of the above limits at any time. Be sure to schedule your hazardous waste pickup before you approach these limits.

You man not store chemicals speculatively this is storing them in case, there is a need in the future. Regulatory agencies can fine laboratories for speculative storage

Note: up to 55 gallons of waste (except P-listed wastes) are technically permitted in a SAA. However, EHS recommends limiting watete in a SAA to 10 gallons. The 10 gallon SAA limit is compliant with fire codes and reduces the potential for large spills or exposures.Waste ManagementStorage LimitsInspections of SAAWeekly InspectionsChemical waste containers are more likely to develop leaks than unused chemical reagent containers. Chemical waste containers must be inspected weekly for leaks.

Inspect your chemical waste containers weekly by using the Hazardous Chemical Waste Container Weekly Inspection Log and immediately resolve problems.

Waste Management86Inspections of SAAInspection items:waste containers are in good condition with no leakage;waste container is closed with a proper lid; chemical waste labels attached and filled out properly;no incompatible wastes stored together;no excessive accumulating (limit 1 quart (946 milliliters) of P-coded waste);Inspection results must be documented weekly on the log provided;save inspection logs for 3 years;if you will be gone for longer than a week, you are required to either request a chemical waste pick-up for all waste chemicals in your storage area, or find another trained staff member to conduct the inspections in your absence

Tip:If you do not have any hazardous chemical waste containers in your laboratory, you should immediately write a comment on the Satellite Accumulation Area Inspection Log that no waste containers are in the laboratory, such as no containers, July 1, 2010 July 13, 2010."Waste Management87Collection of Hazardous WasteTo manage your experiments' chemical wastes, follow this five-step procedure:

Collect the waste in an empty chemical reagent bottle which is chemically compatible and has no cracks, dents, or rust;Seal the container with its original lid. Do not use corks, rubber stoppers, or Parafilm;Complete a Hazardous Waste Label and place it over the existing reagent label as soon as the first drop of waste is added to the container;Keep the chemical waste container within eyesight at all times, otherwise you must place the container inside a locked room or a locked storage cabinet, andInspect the waste container weekly for leaks, and document your inspection in your SAA log.

Now that you have seen what you should do to control chemical waste, let us look at what you should not do.

Waste Management88Collection of Hazardous WasteThe Five Don'tsIt is difficult to remember all the different waste management rules. There are five simple rules, however, that identify the most important waste management practices.

Dont:

Discard hazardous chemicals down sink or floor drains.Discard hazardous chemicals in the household trash.Evaporate organic solvents inside a chemical fume hood (it is illegal!).Vent toxic or flammable compressed gases inside a chemical fume hood (also illegal).Treat or destroy hazardous chemicals in your laboratory without prior approval from EHS. These five rules should guide your day-to-day laboratory practices, and everyone who works in your lab should know them.

Before you pour anything down a drain, please check with EHS.

Waste Management89Collection of Hazardous WasteWithin your designated SAA, there are rules for managing chemical wastes that relate to the following issues:

ContainersQuantity accumulation limitSegregationAdequate aisle space (space between containers)SecurityLabelingWeekly inspectionsDisposal

Let us look at these rules in more detail.

Waste Management90Container Selection and StorageChemical wastes are collected inside empty chemical reagent bottles or other chemically compatible containers. Follow these rules when selecting an empty chemical reagent bottle to collect chemical waste:

Select an empty container in good condition (no cracks, rust, dents or holes).

Check the container's lid to make sure it fits properly and it is the proper type (no corks, rubber stoppers, or paraffin).

Rinse empty containers thoroughly before adding an incompatible waste to it.

Collect waste in chemically compatible containers (no acids in metal containers).

Keep containers closed at all times except when adding or removing wastes.

Ensure that the container has the proper UCD chemical waste label as soon as the first drop of waste is added to the container.

Waste Management91SegregationWhen different types of waste mix, anything can happen! Here are some important segregation rules:

Do not store oxidizers with flammable liquids.

Do not store acids with bases.

Do not store water-reactive chemicals (sodium hydride) next to aqueous materials or corrosives.

Do not mix hazardous chemicals with infectious agents or radioactive isotopes waste without the approval of the EHS Department.

Store incompatible chemical waste containers inside separate storage cabinets. Otherwise, place incompatible containers which are stored together into plastic pails for secondary containment (large enough to hold entire contents of container).

Waste Management92SegregationNote: Halogenated solvents cost 2.5 times more to dispose of than non-halogenated solvents because halogens form acidic gases when incinerated. Researchers are asked to keep halogenated solvents segregated from other solvents in the laboratory.Some chemicals can be combined. See the next slide for guidelines regarding combining chemical wastes.Flammables and oxidizers cannot be stored together.Oxidizers must be stored in secondary containment when stored with other lab chemicals.

Waste Management93The following guidelines need to be followed when collecting chemical wastes in a waste container in the laboratory:Clean flammable solvents (alcohols, acetone, acetonitrile, xylene, etc.) may be collected together inside the same waste container.Acids must be collected separately.Bases or caustics must be collected separately.Halogenated solvents (chloroform, methylene chloride, carbon tetrachloride) must be collected separately.Heavy metals (arsenic, barium, cadmium, chromium, lead, mercury, selenium, silver) must be collected separately. Do not mix heavy metal wastes with organic solvents.Toxic liquids (phenol, acrylamide, formaldehyde) must be collected separately.Solid chemical wastes are collected separately from liquid chemical wastes. Solid debris that is contaminated with highly toxic or carcinogenic chemicals must be collected separately.

Waste Management94Space RulesTo facilitate spill cleanup, always maintain at least 3 feet (91 centimeters) of aisle space to reach the chemical waste containers in your laboratory.

Do not store laboratory supplies, carts, or equipment in front of your chemical waste containers.

Waste Management95Security RulesYou are responsible for the waste you generate, even if someone else handles it.

Chemical waste containers must always be under your control. The waste container must be under visual observation at all times. If no one is present, waste must be under lock and key. This ensures that incompatible wastes are not commingled into your waste container by untrained or new employees.

Waste Management96Labeling Chemical Waste ContainersEach chemical waste container must be labeled with a chemical waste disposal label as soon as the first drop of waste has been added to the container.

When labeling an empty chemical reagent container for waste storage, ensure the following:

Eliminate existing information on the reagent container.Attach the waste label securely (over existing reagent label).Estimate chemical concentrations based on volume;Write the percentage of water in the waste;No abbreviations - spell chemical name completely.Complete all sections of the label carefully except leave the date blank until the container is full and ready for pick-up by EHSWaste Management97

Collection of Hazardous WasteBe sure to collect in compatible container with lid use secondary containmentAffix proper label Biology and Chemistry check with your lab manager regarding accumulationOthers can request waste pick-up when a container is full or you are no longer going to be adding to it use the form on the EHS websiteCampus pick-up occurs 2x per year

Waste Management

98Disposal GuidelinesWhen you approach the quantity limits of chemical waste or you are finished generating waste, it is time to prepare it for disposal.

Fill out the UCCS Hazardous Waste Removal Request.

Waste ManagementTip: You may access this form on the EHS website99Sink Disposal ProhibitedGenerally, the disposal of chemical waste down a drain is prohibited. However, there are some exceptions. Please contact EHS before drain disposing any chemicals.

Waste Management100Common ConcernsDuring routine waste management audits, frequently observed compliance concerns are:

Lack of on-the-job and refresher training.Waste container missing chemical waste label.Open chemical waste container (lid missing).Open waste container with funnel sitting inside it.Use of improper lid (cork, Parafilm, rubber stopper) to seal chemical waste container.Waste containers not inspected weekly for leaks (SAA form not completed).

Waste ManagementNote: Researchers are not allowed to treat or destroy hazardous chemical wastes in the laboratory without permission from Environmental Health and Safety. 101HazardsUp to this point we have discussed hazardous materials management and waste management. Besides hazardous materials/waste there are a number of other types of hazards present in the laboratories. We will now take a few minutes to quickly review the management practices associated with some of these other hazards.102Module 4: Other HazardsTypes of HazardsMechanicalHigh EnergyLasersMagnetic Field GeneratorsPhysical HazardsCompressed GasesPower ToolsNoiseYou need to review the lab operations with your Principal Investigator (PI) to determine which of these hazards may be present in your lab. Once you identify the hazards you then need to review appropriate safety precautions for each hazard.103Biological HazardsBiological hazards are substances or agents (e.g., viruses, bacteria, spores, fungi, bloodborne pathogens, prions, or toxins from a biological source) that pose a threat to the health of living organisms. Biological hazards can include human bodily fluids and tissues.

Biological Safety104Biological SafetyInfectious HazardsApproval from Institutional Biosafety Committee (IBC)Use of Lysol/Bleach to disinfectUse of biological cabinet Use of autoclave to sterilizeUse of PPEDissections

Biological Safety105Bloodborne PathogensTake on-line training at the EHS websiteBBP Exposure Control PlanWear proper PPE when exposure to bodily fluids is likely

Bloodborne Pathogens106Bloodborne PathogensProper handling and disposal of sharps

Hepatitis vaccine

Disinfection and clean up

Bloodborne Pathogens107Biological SafetyVarying degrees of risk are associated with exposure or infection. For infectious agents, these risks are categorized by "risk groups" (RG) based on the potential effect on a healthy adult human, taking many factors into account, such as pathogenicity, mode of transportation, and the availability of effective treatments or preventive measures.108Biological SafetyRisk GroupDescriptionExample OrganismRisk Group 1Agents that are not associated with disease in healthy adult humans. B. subtilis, S. cerevisiae (Baker's yeast)Risk Group 2Agents that are associated with human disease which is rarely serious and for which preventive or therapeutic interventions are often available. S. aureus, G. lamblia, Adenovirus Risk Group 3Agents that are associated with serious or lethal human disease for which preventive or therapeutic interventions may be available (high individual risk but low community risk). B. pseudomallei, Hantaviruses

Risk Group 4Agents that are likely to cause serious or lethal human disease for which preventive or therapeutic interventions are not usually available (high individual risk and high community risk).Herpes B Virus, Ebola, Marburg Risk Groups109Obtain training from Health/Physics in Boulder: http://www.colorado.edu/EHandS/hpl/ssinfo.htmlALARA: As Low As Reasonably Achievable

Radiation Safety110Cryogenic HazardsCryogenic liquids are extremely cold, with a normal boiling point below -130 C (-90 F). Substances commonly stored and transported at cryogenic temperatures include argon, helium, hydrogen, nitrogen and oxygen.

Cryogenic liquids present several hazards, including:Laboratory HazardsExtreme Cold HazardAsphyxiation HazardToxic HazardsOxygen-Enriched AirExplosion due to rapid expansion

Due to the high risk of asphyxiation, you should never attempt to clean up a large cryogenic liquid spill, particularly in a closed indoor area. If there is a spill of cryogenic liquids in your lab, evacuate and close off the area, and call 911 or x3111 for assistance.111Compressed Gas CylindersAll compressed gases are considered hazardous because of the high pressure of the container; a rapid pressure change can create a hazard. For example, if a gas cylinder falls and the valve is damaged, the immediate release of pressure can force the cylinder to move, sometimes with enough force to go through walls.

Laboratory HazardsGases can be:asphyxiants by displacing oxygen,corrosive, highly toxic,flammable,oxidizing orhighly reactive.

112EnergyMany forms of energy exist in lab settings and can present a hazard, even seemingly innocuous forms of energy such as light. Always be on the lookout for stored energy such as spring loaded systems (including syringes), hydraulic devices, capacitors, and battery operated systems. Laboratory Hazards113Primary responsibility for safety in the lab lies with every individual

PIs and lab instructors are responsible for enforcing guidelines in the labs

Safety should become an integral part of our daily activitiesConclusion114114Live GreenDuring this training you should have learned:General Safety ProceduresWhat are the hazards how do I protect myselfWhat do I do if an accident occursHow do I dispose of the wastes I generateSummary115Live GreenThe information presented here is intended to help you to protect your health.We want you to be safe & healthy.

If you have questions, contactEnvironmental Health & Safety255-3201 or 255-3212Summary116Live GreenYou are now ready to take the quiz.You must successfully pass the quiz with a score of 80% or higher. It is recommended that you go through the review questions found on the website before taking the quiz.

Be sure to review any areas that you do not fully understand or remember.

Summary117GHS Pictograms and Hazard Classes

Oxidizers

Flammables Self-reactives Pyrophorics Self-heating Emits flammable gas Organic peroxides Explosives (1.1-1.4) Self-reactives Organic peroxides

Acute toxicity (severe) Corrosive to metals Skin corrosion Serious eye damage Gases under pressure

Carcinogenicity Respiratory sensitization Toxic to reproduction Specific target organ toxicity (repeated) Germ cell mutagenicity Aspiration hazard Aquatic toxicity (acute) Aquatic toxicity (chronic) Acute toxicity (harmful) Skin/eye irritation Skin sensitization Specific target organ toxicity (single) Hazardous to the ozone layer