lab materials chemicals storage centrifugeworkstation
TRANSCRIPT
Lab Materials
Chemicals Storage
Centrifuge Workstation
Procedure for Isolating Polymorphonuclear Cells
• Blood (Cancer patient)
• “Buffy Coat”
• Storage
Lab Materials
Isolation of RNA Using Immunomagnetic Beads
Immunomagnetic Isolation of mRNA
Images of Immunomagnetic Isolation of CTC
Immunomagnetic Beads Target Ber-Ep4 Epithelial Cell Antigen (ECA)
Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
Animation
Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)
Lab Materials
PCR Machines Incubator
PCR Workstation Cold Room
Identifying Type of Cancer Cell
Most cells have three types of genes:
1. Housekeeping Genes (Actin)
2. Tissue-specific Genes (Cytokeratin-19)
3. Organ Specific Genes (Mammaglobin)
4. Cancer Specific Genes (BRCA1 & BRCA 2)
Gel Electrophoresis
Molecular Markers:
1. Actin (~350 bp)
2. Cytokeratin-19 (~300 bp)
3. Mammaglobin (~280 bp)
RT-PCR Results in the Detection of Breast CTC
Positive Result: +Negative Result: -
Sample # Actin Cytokeratin 19 Mammaglobin Overall
1 + + - +
2 + + + +
3 + - - -
4 + - - -
5 + - - -
6 + + + +
7 + + + +
8 + + - +
9 + + - +
10 + - - -
11 + + + +
12 + - - -
13 + + - +
14 + + - +
15 + + - +
Percentage 100% 67% 27% 67%
Conclusion
Use of multiple markers enhances sensitivity
Cancer cells can be detected at early stages
Less radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy
Future Plans
Use additional molecular markers to enhance sensitivity (Telomerase)
Associate risk factors genes (BRCA1 & BRCA2)
References
Cotran, Kumar, Collins: The Pathological Basis of Disease 6th Edition (W.B. Saunders Company)
Hospital Practice (http://www.hosppract.com/)
Foss AJ, Guille MJ, Occleston NL, Hykin PG, Hungerford JL, and LightmanS: The detection of melanoma cells in peripheral blood by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Br J Cancer 72: 155 – 159, 1995
Ghossein RA, Bhattacharya S, Coit DG. Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) detection of melanoma-related transcripts in the peripheral blood and bone marrow of patients with malignant melanoma. What have we learned? Recent Results Cancer Res. 2001;158:63-77.
Ghossein RA, Bhattacharya S.: Molecular detection and characterization of circulating tumour cells and micrometastases in solid tumours. Eur J Cancer. 2000 Aug 36 (13 Spec No):1681-94.
NATIONAL BREAST CANCER FOUNDATION (http://www.nationalbreastcancer.org/)
Pelkey TJ, Frierson HF and Bruns DE: Molecular and immunological detection of circulating tumor cells and micrometastases from solid tumors. Clin Chem 42:1369 – 1381, 1996
Ronald A. Ghossien, Leo Carusone, and Satyajit Bhattacharya: Molecular detection of micrometastases and circulating tumor cells in melanoma prostatic and breast carcinomas. In vivo 14: 237 – 250, 2000
Acknowledgements
Dr. Sat Bhattacharya Memorial Sloan-
Kettering Cancer Research Center
Harlem Children Society
Minimal Residual Lab (MRD Lab)
Thank You for Your Cooperation!Don’t be afraid to ask questions
Rami
Pankaj