la segunda guerra mundial-loose lips sink ships

7/29/2019 La Segunda Guerra Mundial-Loose Lips Sink Ships

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La segunda guerra mundial: Loose Lips Sink Ships

WORLD WAR II

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WORLD WAR II

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a_lesson/lesson137.shtml

More than 16 million Americans

served in the armed forces duringWorld War II, and more than405,000 lost their lives. U.S.intervention proved decisive in theAllied victories in Europe and in thePacific.Question 1:You've probably heard theexpression "Loose lips sink ships."

That expression originated during World War II. Why were there rulesfor what a soldier could write in a letter to his or her family?The Web site: http://www.ibiscom.com/w2frm.htmTo find the answer to that question, go to the Eyewitness: World WarTwo Web page.

La segunda Guerra mundial

Ms de 16 millones de estadounidenses sirvieron en las fuerzasarmadas durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial, y ms de 405.000perdieron la vida. La intervencin de EE.UU. fue decisiva en las victoriasaliadas en Europa y en el Pacfico.Pregunta 1:Usted probablemente ha escuchado la expresin "Loose Lips SinkShips". Esa expresin se origin durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial.

Por qu hay reglas para lo que un soldado podra escribir en una cartaa su familia?El sitio Web: http://www.ibiscom.com/w2frm.htmPara encontrar la respuesta a esa pregunta, ve a la testigo: la SegundaGuerra Mundial la pgina Web.

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WORLD WAR II


"Loose Lips Sink Ships"Millions volunteered or were drafted for military duty during World War II. The majority of these

citizen-soldiers had no idea how to conduct themselves to prevent inadvertent disclosure of

important information to the enemy. To remedy this, the government established rules of conduct.

The following is excerpted from a document given to each soldier as he entered the battle area.

WRITING HOMETHINK! Where does the enemy get his information -- information that can put you, and has put yourcomrades, adrift on an open sea: information that has lost battles and can lose more, unless youpersonally, vigilantly, perform your duty in SAFEGUARDING MILITARY INFORMATION?

THERE ARE TEN PROHIBITED SUBJECTS

1. Don't write military information of Army units -- their location, strength,, materiel, or equipment.2. Don't write of military installations.3. Don't write of transportation facilities.4. Don't write of convoys, their routes, ports (including ports of embarkation and disembarkation),time en route, naval protection, or war incidents occurring en route.5. Don't disclose movements of ships, naval or merchant, troops, or aircraft.

6. Don't mention plans and forecasts or orders for future operations, whether known or just yourguess.7. Don't write about the effect of enemy operations.8. Don't tell of any casualty until released by proper authority (The Adjutant General) and then onlyby using the full name of the casualty.9. Don't attempt to formulate or use a code system, cipher, or shorthand, or any other means toconceal the true meaning of your letter. Violations of this regulation will result in severepunishment.10. Don't give your location in any way except as authorized by proper authority. Be sure nothingyou write about discloses a more specific location than the one authorized.

TALK

SILENCE MEANS SECURITY -- If violation of protective measures is serious within writtencommunications it is disastrous in conversations. Protect your conversation as you do your letters,and be even more careful. A harmful letter can be nullified by censorship; loose talk is directdelivery to the enemy.If you come home during war your lips must remain sealed and your written hand must be guidedby self-imposed censorship. This takes guts. Have you got them or do you want your buddies andyour country to pay the price for your showing off. You've faced the battle front; its little enough toask you to face this 'home front.'

CAPTUREMost enemy intelligence comes from prisoners. If captured, you are required to give only threefacts: YOUR NAME, YOUR GRADE, YOUR ARMY SERIAL NUMBER. Don't talk, don't try to fake stories

and use every effort to destroy all papers. When you are going into an area where capture ispossible, carry only essential papers and plan to destroy them prior to capture if possible. Do notcarry personal letters on your person; they tell much about you, and the envelope has on it yourunit and organization.

BE SENSIBLE; USE YOUR HEAD

How To Cite This Article:"Loose Lips Sink Ships," EyeWitness to History, www.eyewitnesstohistory.com (1997).


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WORLD WAR II


"LOOSE LIPS SINK SHIPS"Millones de voluntarios o fueron reclutados para el servicio militar durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial. Lamayora de estos ciudadanos-soldados-no tena idea de cmo comportarse para evitar la divulgacinaccidental de informacin importante para el enemigo. Para remediar esta situacin, el gobierno establecireglas de conducta. El siguiente es un extracto de un documento entregado a cada soldado que entr en elcampo de batalla.

ESCRIBIENDO A CASAPIENSA! Donde el enemigo obtenga su informacin -informacin que puede poner, y ha puesto a suscompaeros, a la deriva en mar abierto: la informacin que ha perdido las batallas y puede perder ms, amenos que usted personalmente, vigilante, cumpla con su deber en la salvaguardia de Informacin Militar?Hay diez TEMAS PROHIBIDOS1. No escriba informacin militar de las unidades del Ejrcito - su ubicacin, la fuerza, material o equipo.2. No escriba de las instalaciones militares.3. No escriba de los medios de transporte.4. No escriba de los convoyes, sus rutas, puertos (incluidos los puertos de embarque y desembarque), la rutaen el tiempo, la proteccin naval, o incidentes de la guerra que ocurre en el camino.5. No revele los movimientos de buques, naval o el comerciante, las tropas o aviones.6. No menciona los planes y previsiones u rdenes para operaciones futuras, ya sean conocidos o

simplemente su respuesta.7. No escriba sobre el efecto de las operaciones del enemigo.8. No se lo digas de cualquier siniestro hasta que sean liberados por la autoridad competente (El AyudanteGeneral) y slo utilizando el nombre completo de la vctima.9. No trate de formular o utilizar un sistema de cdigos, cifrado, o taquigrafa, o cualquier otro medio paraocultar el verdadero significado de su carta. Violaciones de esta normativa significar un severo castigo.10. No d a su ubicacin en ningn sitio, excepto segn lo autorizado por la autoridad apropiada. Asegreseque nada de lo que escribe de a conocer una localizacin ms especfica que la autorizada.

TALK

El silencio significa SEGURIDAD - Si la violacin de las medidas de proteccin es grave dentro de lascomunicaciones escritas es desastroso en las conversaciones. Protege tu conversacin como tus cartas, y seaan ms cuidadoso. Una carta perjudicial puede ser anulada por la censura, hablar por hablar es la entrega

directa al enemigo.Si llegas a casa durante la guerra los labios deben permanecer cerrados y lo escrito por tus manos debe serguiado por la autocensura. Esto requiere agallas. Usted las tiene o quiere que sus amigos y su pas para pagarel precio de su ostentacin. Que ha enfrentado el frente de batalla, es lo suficientemente pequeo parapedirle que hacer frente a este "frente interno".

CAPTURA

La mayora de inteligencia del enemigo viene de prisioneros. Si son capturados, se le requiere para dar slotres hechos: SU NOMBRE, SU GRADO, EL NMERO DE SU EJERCITO DE SERIE. No hables, no trate de historiasfalsas y el uso de todos los esfuerzos para destruir todos los documentos. Cuando usted va a un rea donde esposible capturar, realizar slo los documentos esenciales y el plan para destruirlos antes de la captura, si esposible. No lleve las cartas personales en su persona, sino que dice mucho sobre ti, y el sobre tiene en ella suunidad y organizacin.Sea sensato, USE SU CABEZA

Como citar este artculo:"Loose Lips Sink Ships", testigo de la historia, www.eyewitnesstohistory.com (1997)


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EyeWitnesstoHistory.com

A Battlefield Death, 1944

An estimated total of 416,800 members of Armerica's fighting forces lost their lives inbattle during World War II. The following account records the death of one: CaptainHenry T. Waskow, who sacrificed his life during combat with German troops in the hills

of southern Italy in the early days of 1944.We know little of Captain Waskow beyond the circumstances of his death. We dontknow what his hopes and dreams were, although it is certain he had them. We dont

know anything about his background or what motivated him to abandon his civilian lifeand take up a weapon in defense of his country. We dont know what circumstancesplaced him on a mountain in Southern Italy where an enemy bullet found its target andended his life.What we do know about Captain Waskow is that his death is emblematic of all thoseAmerican fighting men who lost their lives in defense of their country. We also knowthat we, the members of succeeding generations, owe a tremendous debt to him and tohis fellow soldiers who gave the supreme sacrifice to assure that we could continue to

live in freedom."They laid him on the ground in the shadow of the stone wall alongside the road."Ernie Pyle was a syndicated newspaper reporter who focused his columns from the war

front on the common soldier. In this dispatch from the front lines in southern Italy he

focuses on death in combat:

"January 10, 1944At the Front Lines, near San Pietro, ItalyIn this war I have known a lot of officers who were loved and respected by the soldiersunder them. But never have I crossed the trail of any man as beloved as Captain HenryT. Waskow, of Belton, Texas.Captain Waskow was a company commander in the Thirty-sixth Division. He had led hiscompany since long before it left the States. He was very young, only in his middle

twenties, but he carried in him a sincerity and a gentleness that made people want to beguided by him.After my father, he came next, a sergeant told me.

ADVERTISMENTHe always looked after us, a

soldier said. He'd go to bat for us

every time.I've never known him to do

anything unfair, another said.

I was at the foot of the mule trailthe night they brought Captain

Waskow down. The moon wasnearly full, and you could see farup the trail, and even partwayacross the valley below.Dead men had been coming downthe mountain all evening, lashedonto the backs of mules. They

came lying belly-down across the

Reporter ErniePyle won thePulitzer Prize in1944 for hisnewspaperarticles.

Pyle was killedby Japanesegun fire onApril 18, 1945
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WORLD WAR II


wooden pack-saddles, their heads hanging down on one side, their stiffened legssticking out awkwardly from the other, bobbing up and down as the mules walked.The Italian mule skinners were afraid to walk beside dead men, so Americans had tolead the mules down that night. Even the Americans were reluctant to unlash and lift offthe bodies when they got to the bottom, so an officer had to do it himself and ask

others to help.I don't know who that first one was. You feel small in the presence of dead men, andyou don't ask silly questions.They slid him down from the mule, and stood him on his feet for a moment. In the half-light he might have been merely a sick man standing there leaning on the others. Thenthey laid him on the ground in the shadow of the stone wall alongside the road. We lefthim there beside the road, that first one, and we all went back into the cowshed and saton water cans or lay on the straw, waiting for the next batch of mules.

American troops advance up the Italian "Boot."North of Naples, January 1944.

Somebody said the dead soldier hadbeen dead for four days, and thennobody said anything more about it.We talked soldier talk for an hour ormore; the dead man lay all alone,outside in the shadow of the wall.Then a soldier came into the cowshedand said there were some more bodiesoutside. We went out into the road.Four mules stood there in the

moonlight, in the road where the trailcame down off the mountain. The soldiers who led them stood there waiting.This one is Captain Waskow, one of them said quietlyTwo men unlashed his body from the mule and lifted it off and laid it in the shadowbeside the stone wall. Other men took the other bodies off. Finally, there were five lyingend to end in a long row. You don't cover up dead men in the combat zones. They justlie there in the shadows until somebody comes after them.The unburdened mules moved off to their olive grove. The men in the road seemedreluctant to leave. They stood around, and gradually I could sense them moving, one byone, close to Captain Waskow's body. Not so much to look, I think, as to say somethingin finality to him and to themselves. I stood close by and I could hear.One soldier came and looked down, and he said out loud, God damn it!

That's all he said, and then he walked awayAnother one came, and he said, God damn it to hell anyway! He looked down for a fewlast moments and then turned and left.Another man came. I think he was an officer. It was hard to tell officers from men in thedim light, for everybody was bearded and grimy. The man looked down into the deadcaptain's face and then spoke directly to him, as though he were alive, I'm sorry, oldman.

during theBattle forOkinawa.


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Reporter Ernie Pyle,the author of this eyewitness account,covering the war from Normandy,France, June, 1944.

Then a soldier came and stood beside theofficer and bent over, and he too spoke to

his dead captain, not in a whisper butawfully tenderly, and he said, I sure am

sorry, sir.Then the first man squatted down, and hereached down and took the captain's hand,and he sat there for a full five minutesholding the dead hand in his own andlooking intently into the dead face. And henever uttered a sound all the time he satthere.

Finally he put the hand down. He reachedover and gently straightened the points ofthe captain's shirt collar, and then he sort of rearranged the tattered edges ofthe uniform around the wound, and then he got up and walked away down theroad in the moonlight, all alone.The rest of us went back into the cowshed, leaving the five dead men lying in aline end to end in the shadow of the low stone wall. We lay down on the straw inthe cowshed, and pretty soon we were all asleep."References:

This eyewitness account appears in: Pyle, Ernie, Brave Men (1944).How To Cite This Article:

"A Battlefield Death, 1944," EyeWitness to History, www.eyewitnesstohistory.com(2009).

la segunda guerra mundial-loose lips sink ships

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