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Kurt RaaflaubCarrier Ethernet and Optical

Product ManagementSeptember 28/29, 2011

Mobile Backhaul

Responding to 4G EoF RFIs

2® Adtran, Inc. 2010 All rights reserved 2® Adtran, Inc. 2010 All rights reserved

Agenda

Why 100M to the cell site?

New backhaul requirements

SLA Management & Y.1731

Clock Recovery over Ethernet

Mobile Backhaul Topologies

ADTRAN Ethernet Access Gateway

Summary

3® Adtran, Inc. 2007 All rights reserved

Mobile Broadband is here 10X bandwidth w/o corresponding profit

Mobile TV is here– i.TV 2.0 for iPhone coming

soon– Enjoy full NBC videos on

your iPhone– CBS releases TV.com

iPhone app– Hulu coming to the iPhone?

4G technology being deployed– Rivals Wireline Broadband

speeds– VzW deploying LTE– Sprint/Clearwire WiMAX– All WSP have 4G plans for

2010-2013 Evolution from 2G 3G 4G

TV program

watched on

Smart Phone


LTE and corresponding EPC all-IP, simplified network architecture

Evolved Packet Core = end-to-end IP transformation of mobile core

New, all-IP mobile core network introduced with LTE End-to-end IP

Clear delineation of control plane and data plane

Simplified architecture: flat-IP architecture with a single core

What is EPC ?

LTE+EPC

eNode B (eNB)

IP channel

CDMA / EVDO

GSM / GPRS

EDGE

UMTS

HSPA

Evolved Packet Core

(All-IP)

IP channel

Packet Switched Core

PSTN

Other mobile

networks

VPN

Internet

Voice

Channels

GGSNHA

SGSNPDSN

MGW

MSC

BSC / RNC

Circuit Switched Core (Voice)

BTS

Node B

Softswitch GMSC

2G/3G

Transport (backhaul and backbone)

Broadband Forum focus areas for backhaul


Mobile Backhaul ConvergenceClock Sync over Packet; CoS Considerations

DCS

Cell Site Access & Aggregation Central Office Mobile Core

PSTN

Service

InternetEthernet

EAG/NTE

Backhaul

Aggregation

2G

3G

4G

MUX

2G, 3G, 4G

Data

TDM/SONET

2G, 3G Voice

Clock Sync

PSTN

InternetEthernet

EAG/NTE

2G

3G

4G

CSR

(IWF)

2G, 3G

Voice

2G, 3G, 4G

Data

2G, 3G Voice

Clock Sync

DCS

Backhaul

Aggregation

GigE


Mobile Backhaul ConvergenceClock Sync over Packet; CoS Considerations

DCS

Cell Site Access & Aggregation Central Office Mobile Core

PSTN

Service

InternetEthernet

EAG/NTE

Backhaul

Aggregation

2G

3G

4G

MUX

2G, 3G, 4G

Data

TDM/SONET

2G, 3G Voice

Clock Sync

PSTN

InternetEthernet

2G

3G

4G

2G, 3G

Voice

2G, 3G, 4G

Data

2G, 3G Voice

Clock Sync

DCS

Backhaul

Aggregation

2G, 3G

Voice

EAG/NTE

(IWF)


Verizon Wireless Case StudyFiber to the Cell Site RFI for LTE Readiness

Interfaces Two 1000Base (GigE fiber) Two 100BaseFX (fiber), Two 100BaseTX (copper) (4) 100BaseTX (FE) ports (4) Extra 100BaseTX (FE) ports or

100/1000Base fiber ports Option to add an additional (8) FE

copper ports

Scale Ability to scale bandwidth from a

single pair of GigE links to 10GigE link pairs or more as 4G equipment is rolled out

Ability to scale bandwidth from 10Mbps to 300Mbps+ per cell site

Power -48VDC, A/B feeds+24VDC, or as a

possible option (-48VDC) A and B Power Feeds

SLA Mgmt Max 1-way delay 5ms Max Jitter +/- 1ms• BER <1E10-9• FER <1E10-6 IEEE 802.1ag Fault Management• ITU-T Y.1731 Performance

Monitoring (1Q,2011)

QoS/Reliability Prioritize traffic based on L2 802.1p

markings. Voice and video traffic to receive appropriate priority. 2000byte MTU Support

Although a redundant path into the cell site is not required, it may be necessary to meet Availability requirements

Electrical isolation to protect against transients from entering/leaving cell site.

Summary: 50 -100Mbps of fiber-based Carrier Ethernet service via

SFP interface to their Cell site Router. No Clock, No TDM


Segmenting Ethernet ServicesPremium vs. Mass Market Services

Targeted Vertical

Service Attributes

Legacy Access (Tariffs)

Next-Gen Access (Tariffs)

Fiber Topology (Rel.Cost)

Premium Ethernet Services

Mobile Backhaul

Financial

Utilities

Wholesale

Universities

Service Assurance

Security

High QoS

100M – 10G

ATM

FR

SONET

OC-3 ($5k+)

Carrier Ethernet

100M ($2k+)

1G ($5k+)

Dedicated P2P

(High)

Ring (Med)

Mass Market Ethernet Services

SME

K-12

Medical

Gov’mt

Repeatable

Flexibility

Low Cost

<10M – 1G

FR

TDM

T1(~$500)

carrier Ethernet

100M ($1k+)

<10M (<$1k)

Shared e.g. MDU (Low)

- Strong SLAs Drive the Delta Pricing Source: VSG

® Adtran, Inc. 2008 All rights reserved

ITU-T Y/1731 Performance Monitoring

SLA Management


Shared resources – cheaper, trickierCircuit-based Packet-based service

-TDM/SONET IP/Ethernet

- SLAs are in High Demand Protect your Revenue

- OAM tools + Performance Monitoring Solution


Ethernet traffic managementDelivering Low Latency, Jitter

EVC1 EVC2

EVC3

EIR

Meet Customer Expectations Get Paid


Service Level AgreementsManaging your customers’ expectations

Voice services sound clear

Video looks great, – no pixilation, buffering

Critical data is not dropped, or re-transmitted.

Issues are resolved quickly and easily.


SLAs need Performance Monitoring

Typical Definition of SLA considerations• Frame Delay (Latency)

• Frame Delay Variation (Jitter)

• Frame Loss Ratio

• Throughput

• Long-term availability (99.99x %)

• Switchover/recovery options

• Protection options (N+0, N+1, 2N)

• Installation/Upgrade interval


ADTRAN Ethernet OAMSupporting Ethernet SLAs

Multiple paths for both Fault & Performance Management

Co

nn

ecti

vit

y F

au

lt

Man

ag

em

en

t (C

FM

) IEEE 802.1ag ITU-T Y.1731

Detection

Notification

Verification

Isolation

Perf

orm

an

ce

Man

ag

em

en

t

Delay

Jitter

Loss

IETF TWAMP ITU-T Y.1731


Ethernet OAM tools

!

!


Viewing Performance Monitoring Data

=


Service Level Agreement Requirements

Table 2: SLA requirements for Mobile Networks (error limits)

SLA attribute MUST support SHOULD support

1-way Latency (ms) 5 <5

Jitter (ms) +/- 1 +/- 1

BER & FER 10-9 & 10-6 10-11 & 10-7

Availability (%) 99.99 99.999

MTTR (Hrs) 4 2

Failover (ms) 50(150 for Voice) 50


Making Sense of the Data


Viewing Performance Monitoring DataAlarming and Trending EG Delay

Configurable Threshold Alarms– On a per SLA attribute basis

Configurable Trending – ToD, Month-to-Date– Compare different sites side-by-side

Time of Day

(Month to Date)

Delay

(ms)

One-Way

Frame Delay

2.0

3.0

4.0

Configurable Alarm

Thresholds

Informational Alarming

Major Alarming

Minor Alarming


Proactive Network ManagementMining AND Presenting Network Data

Network information coming from multiple sources to assess status of SLA.

Effective and Efficient performance measurements is required– Collection, Analysis and Presentation


Supporting ITU-T Synchronous Ethernet and IEEE 1588v2 PTP

Clock Sync over Packet


Clock Delivery MechanismsNTP over DS1, SyncE over EoF, GPS

Sprint and Verizon (CDMA operators) will leverage existing GPS receivers at every cell site until such time new site are required in 2012-2015.

ITU-T G.8261/8262 (SyncE) requires every node participate in timing recovery and distribution and has huge CapEx implications.

– 1588v2 is more forgiving.

Mobile Operator Technology Frequency Phase/ToD

AT&T

T-Mobile

GSM, WCDMA,

HSPA

Future: LTE

Now: TDM or SONET

Future: SyncE

Now: TDM or SONET

Future: 1588v2

Verizon Wireless

Sprint

CDMA2000 1x,

1xEV-DO

Future: LTE (VzW)

WiMAX (Sprint)

Now: TDM or SONET

Future: MPLS PW or

SyncE

Now: GPS

Future: 1588v2 and GPS

Table 1: Sync Solutions in Mobile Networks


Key: Not Breaking the Sync ChainConsideration of Migrating Sync Standards

Timing Standard Entire Path is Sync Aware it delivers…

Implication of non-Sync-aware node

SONET/SDH/PDH Frequency Sync Path Broken

Adaptive/Differential Frequency Not dependent on full NE awareness to pass sync

Synchronous Ethernet Frequency Sync Path Broken

GPS/Satellite Frequency

Phase

Time-of-Day

Not dependent on full NE awareness to pass sync

1588v2 Frequency

Phase

Time-of-Day

Dependent upon number of ‘unaware hops’ and network loading


Good SynchronizationCritical to Mobile Networks

Synchronization is vital across many elements in the mobile network

In the Radio Access Network (RAN), the need is focused in three principal areas

NodeB

NobeB

eNB or

BTS

eNB or

BTS

1: Radio Framing

Accuracy

2 : Handoff

Control 3 : Backhaul

Transport Reliability

Mobile Core


Ethernet Network

Ethernet Network Timing Distribution (1)TDM SyncE Based Distribution in the Core

Primary

Reference

Source

T1/E1Synchronous

Ethernet

Secondary

Reference

Source

GPS

• Frequency

Traceability

SONET/SDH

or T1/E1

• Frequency

• Phase

• Time-of-Day


Ethernet Network

Ethernet Network Timing Distribution (2)TDM SyncE Based Distribution in the Access

Primary

Reference

Source

SyncE or

T1/E1(CE)SyncE

Secondary

1588v2

Grand Master

GPS

Traceability

SyncE

• Frequency

• Frequency

• Phase

• Time-of-Day


Ethernet Network

Ethernet Network Timing Distribution (3) GPS/Satellite 1588v2 for Phase and ToD

1588v2

Grand Master

1588v21588v2 +

SyncE

1588v2

Grand

Master

• Frequency

• Phase

• Time-of-Day

Traceability

1588v2 +

SyncE


Stratum level Frequency Input unchanged– BITS clock input on TA5000

Switch Module

Clock distributed across Backplane– 8kHz signal from SM to GigE

Access Module(s) preserves source quality

GigE Module converts Clock to SyncE standard– Traceability at the PHY layer to

the PRC

Distributes SyncE signal out to NTE– NetVanta 8044M recovers

SyncE signal – Stratum 3e holdover support in

the event of signal disruption

PRC traceability w/o T1 accessSupporting Frequency Reference via SyncE

NetVanta 8044M

EoF NTE

Total Access 5000

Ethernet Aggregation

PRC

WSP Cell site

Primary

Reference Clock

(BITS input)

Sw

itch M

odule

Access M

odule

GigE Access Module

locked to 8KHz Clock

via Backplane

SyncE Frequency

PRC signal

RecoveredGigE

GigE


Point to Point and ERPS Ring Topologies.

Access Solutions for Mobile Backhaul


Carrier

Ethernet

Network

Scalability of Fiber Ethernet

Central Office/

Exchange

8 port

EoFiber

AM

TA5000 MSAP Ethernet over Fiber

– Reliability of fiber

– Highly scalable access

– 8 point to point access lines per module

– TDM support via Circuit Emulation Services (CES)

– Secure endpoints


Carrier

Ethernet

Network

Resiliency of Fiber Ethernet

Central Office/

Exchange

8 port

EoFiber

AM

TA5000 MSAP

8 port

EoFiber

AM

Ethernet over ERPS– Differentiated Ethernet

service offering

– Eight rings per access module pair

– TDM support via Circuit Emulation Services (CES)

1 or 2.5 Gbps ERPS Ring


NetVanta 8044M Optical BypassSaving Truck-rolls; Preserving SLAs

5VDC Power ON

5VDC Power LOSSX

Bypass Disabled

Bypass Enabled

West Ring East Ring

West RingEast Ring


Pseudo-Ring ‘Break’ at Pre-

determined location. X

Upon Site B Failure, Bypass Activated beating EPRS timer.

Site B ‘removed’ from Ring.

No switch-over, Ring remains in Resilient condition

ADTRAN ERPS vs. Typical RingsAdded Resiliency against Power Failure

Pseudo-Ring ‘Break’ at Pre-

determined location. X

Upon Site B Failure, Actual Ring Break identified and moved to new location.

50ms Switch-over invoked.

Ring remains in non-resilient condition

Site A

Failure/Switch-OverNormal

Site D

Site B

Site CSite D

Site C

Site A - C Data Path

Site A

Failure/ ByPassNormal

Site D

Site B

Site C


Site A

Site D

Site B

Site C

Site A

X

XXSite BX

X


X


Redundant Hardware/FacilitiesLink Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP)

Full Protection– SM Redundancy

– AM Redundancy

– Facilities Redundancy

– Service Redundancy

NetVanta 8044M

LACP

8p EoF AM

SM5 10G

LACP

Dual PathDualPath

10G

SM

GigE

AM

Total Access 5000

Optional 10G SM

Typical 1G SM2 used

Optionally Redundant Access Module (AM)

Optionally Redundant Switch Module (SM)

1000BaseX

1000BaseX

LACP


Mobile Backhaul ApplicationEthernet & TDM service access rings

Ethernet 1- 16 x DS1/E1

Ethernet1-16 x DS1/E1

Ethernet1-16 x DS1/E1

2.5Gbps ERPS Ring

Up to 16 Nodes

From

Up Stream

2.5Gbps

ERPS Ring

Continue

Down Stream

Remainder of

2.5Gbps ERPS

Ring Capacity

Drop Customer

Ethernet

Service

Drop

Customer

TDM 1- 8

DS1/E1

Service


Carrier

Ethernet

Network

Fiber to the Tower

Cell

Site

Collapsed ERPS

Ring

10/100/1000

8xDS1 10/100/1000

8xDS1

Patch

Pedestal

Cell

Site

8 port

EoFiber

AM

8 port

EoFiber

AM

WSP #1

MTSO

WSP #2

MTSO

WSP #3

MTSO

ILEC

Central

Office2 -10G Links

2 -10G Links

2 -10G Links

2 -1G Links

2 -1G Links

Each WSP is asking for:

2 – 1G Hand-offs at the Cell Site (each

carrying up to 150 Mbps of traffic). Each

hand-offs is tagged with its own VLAN

2 – 10G Hand-offs at the MTSO, with the

traffic from all cell sites aggregated and

divided by VLAN

Therefore, 1 device in the CO will be

aggregating the traffic from all

WSP’s. It will either have to support

multiple 10G uplinks, or it will switch

all traffic into a switch that can

support multiple 10G uplinks.


NetVanta 8044M Cell site Gateway

Ethernet Access Gateway


Ethernet over Fiber Components

8-port Gigabit Ethernet Access Module (April 2010)– 8 GigE SFP cages– Link Aggregation (Planned Phase II)– Link OAM

NetVanta 8044 Ethernet over Fiber NTE (April 2010)– 4 -10/100/1000BaseT WAN or LAN– 4 - GigE SFP WAN or LAN– AC powered

NetVanta 8044M Modular EoF NTE (July 2010)– 4 -10/100/1000BaseT WAN or LAN– 4 - GigE SFP WAN or LAN– 2 – Expansion Slots for Circuit Emulation Services (CES)

and/or EoCu and/or GPON Access– 2.5G ERPS Ring support with optical bypass option.– Clock Sync over Packet Ready– AC and Dual feed DC options


Growth Path to 10GE Access

NetVanta 8444M Base Chassis– 4 -10/100/1000BaseT WAN or LAN

– 4 - GigE SFP WAN or LAN

– 2 – 10GigE XFP WAN or LAN

– 2 – 10GigE SFP+ WAN or LAN

– 1 - Expansion Slot

NetVanta 8444M Expansion Modules – 8 - GigE SFP WAN

– 8 -10/100/1000BaseT WAN or LAN

– Any NetVanta 8044M Expansion Modules


A Cell site is not a Wiring ClosetFlexible mounting/powering options

In BTS or eNB enclosures– Single RMU in size

In CO or Street Cabinet – NEBS, IEC compliance

In uncontrolled environments– Temperature hardened

Near Tower– Surge protected/isolated interfaces

especially for Ground Potential Rise e.g. cell site is a lightning rod

No space, rack or GR-487 cabinet– Rack as well as wall mounting

options

– OSP options

+24V & -48VDC powering options– Resilient, Dual feed powering

OSP EAD

LTE eNB


ADTRAN Carrier EthernetMeeting your Growing Bandwidth needs

• High Performance Aggregation– Scalability: Gigabit services ready

• Subrate, 1Gbps, 10Gbps Interfaces• Switch fabric up to 145Gbps

– Fault Tolerance: • Switching fabric redundancy• Access resiliency

• Unmatched Flexibility in Access– 100% Service coverage:

On or Off-net; SMB or Mobile Backhaul• Ethernet over Copper, over TDM, over Fiber

• Quality Assurance– Fully support rigid SLAs

Full suite of Connectivity Fault Management and Performance Monitoring Packet-based Clock Recovery to support Mobile Backhaul Convergence

– Prioritize Premium Business Services over Best Effort Services Robust and Flexible Traffic Management

• Simplified Operations– Leveraging Intellectual Capital

Reuse of TDM and Business Services personnel and processes– Common One-touch Provisioning model - Just plug it in

Single Platform, Common Operational Model for all Ethernet over X solutions Flow-through Auto-provisioning

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