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Kryptos & The Cyrillic Projector Elonka Dunin Def Con 12 July 30 - August 1, 2004 Slide 2 Overview Introduction PhreakNIC Code & Kryptos Jim Sanborn's Sculptures Kryptos Antipodes The Cyrillic Projector Vigenre Tables Speculations Summary Slide 3 Who am I? Elonka Dunin, General Manager of Online Community at Simutronics Corp. (www.play.net) In the online multiplayer games business for almost 15 years Computer hobbyist since I was tall enough to see over the top of a keypunch machine (unofficial) Cryptography speaker at Def Con since 2001 Slide 4 Who am I? First to crack: PhreakNIC v3.0, PhreakNIC5 and PN6 Codes @LANta.con 2 Code September 11 th - Organized the Simutronics Crisis Center, uncovered the "Bloodwrath Hoax" Team leader for cracking the Cyrillic Projector Cipher in September 2003 Slide 5 The PhreakNIC v3.0 Code Had been uncracked since its release in October 1999 I cracked it in 10 days Won a free trip to PhreakNIC v4.0 in Nashville Free hotel, drinks, T- shirts, etc. Slide 6 http://members.aol.com/nova1337/tutorial.htm Slide 7 The CIAs Kryptos Sculpture Slide 8 Kryptos Commissioned in 1988 Dedicated in 1990 Code systems designed by Ed Scheidt, Chairman of a "CIA Cryptographic Center" Sculptor: James Sanborn Slide 9 CIA & Kryptos Difficult to examine the sculpture, because: Only people with "official business" can access CIA The Agency is not easy to find (no street address!) Slide 10 CIA & Kryptos I did, however, obtain an invitation Slide 11 Kryptos Part 4 Ciphertext ?OBKR UOXOGHULBSOLIFBBWFLRVQQPRNGKSSO TWTQSJQSSEKZZWATJKLUDIAWINFBNYP VTTMZFPKWGDKZXTJCDIGKUHUAUEKCAR Slide 12 Kryptos Two panels are a vigenre table A keyword builds a cipher alphabet First keyword: Kryptos Solvers (of the first three parts): 1998: David Stein, CIA Analyst 1999: Jim Gillogly ???: Three unnamed NSA analysts Slide 13 Jim Sanborn Born 1945 in Washington DC Studied Archaeology at Oxford Traveled extensively through Asia Bachelors Degree in Social Anthropology Masters degree in Sculpture No (public) comprehensive list of his works existed, until I started making one in 2003 Slide 14 Kryptos Solver David Stein Solved parts 1-3 in 1998 Works at CIA Solved Kryptos on his own time, working on evenings and weekends Used pencil and paper methods Married and a new father, not working on it seriously anymore Slide 15 Jim Gillogly Has solved several other historical codes, with computer assistance Debunked Beale cipher Working on Voynich Manuscript Ex-Head of American Cryptogram Association Solved Kryptos (parts 1-3) in 1999, by running a computer attack Slide 16 The "Untitled Kryptos Piece" After creating the CIA version of Kryptos, Sanborn made a smaller "untitled" version, which was sold to a private collector One side has all the text of the CIA's Kryptos (with at least two distinct differences) One side has encrypted Russian text Most of the Russian text is duplicated on the Cyrillic Projector Slide 17 The "Untitled Kryptos Piece" Slide 18 The "Untitled Kryptos Piece" Antipodes Slide 19 Sanborns Cyrillic Projector Slide 20 Untitled Kryptos Piece Differences Russian Side: Cyrillic Projector only has about 75% of the Antipodes text (but all of the Russian has now been solved) Slide 21 Untitled Kryptos Piece Differences English Side: Sections are in a different order, and aligned differently. Untitled version contains two extra dots Slide 22 Kryptos Slide 23 Vigenre Table Slide 24 Keyword: Kryptos KRYPTOSABCDEFGHIJLMNQUVWXZ KRYPTOSABCDEFGHIJLMNQUVWXZ RYPTOSABCDEFGHIJLMNQUVWXZK YPTOSABCDEFGHIJLMNQUVWXZKR PTOSABCDEFGHIJLMNQUVWXZKRY TOSABCDEFGHIJLMNQUVWXZKRYP OSABCDEFGHIJLMNQUVWXZKRYPT SABCDEFGHIJLMNQUVWXZKRYPTO ABCDEFGHIJLMNQUVWXZKRYPTOS BCDEFGHIJLMNQUVWXZKRYPTOSA CDEFGHIJLMNQUVWXZKRYPTOSAB Slide 25 Kryptos Part 1 Slide 26 EMUFPHZLRF BETWEENSUB KRYPTOSABCDEFGHIJLMNQUVWXZ PTOSABCDEFGHIJLMNQUVWXZKRY ABCDEFGHIJLMNQUVWXZKRYPTOS LMNQUVWXZKRYPTOSABCDEFGHIJ IJLMNQUVWXZKRYPTOSABCDEFGH MNQUVWXZKRYPTOSABCDEFGHIJL PTOSABCDEFGHIJLMNQUVWXZKRY SABCDEFGHIJLMNQUVWXZKRYPTO EFGHIJLMNQUVWXZKRYPTOSABCD SABCDEFGHIJLMNQUVWXZKRYPTO TOSABCDEFGHIJLMNQUVWXZKRYP Slide 27 Kryptos Part 1 EMUFPHZLRFAXYUSDJKZLDKRNSHGNFIVJ YQTQUXQBQVYUVLLTREVJYQTMKYRDMFD Keywords: KRYPTOS and PALIMPSEST Between subtle shading and the absence of light lies the nuance of iqlusion. Slide 28 Kryptos Part 2 Slide 29 Kryptos Part 2 Ciphertext VFPJUDEEHZWETZYVGWHKKQETGFQJNCE GGWHKK?DQMCPFQZDQMMIAGPFXHQRLG TIMVMZJANQLVKQEDAGDVFRPJUNGEUNA QZGZLECGYUXUEENJTBJLBQCRTBJDFHRR YIZETKZEMVDUFKSJHKFWHKUWQLSZFTI HHDDDUVH?DWKBFUFPWNTDFIYCUQZERE EVLDKFEZMOQQJLTTUGSYQPFEUNLAVIDX FLGGTEZ?FKZBSFDQVGOGIPUFXHHDRKF FHQNTGPUAECNUVPDJMQCLQUMUNEDFQ ELZZVRRGKFFVOEEXBDMVPNFQXEZLGRE DNQFMPNZGLFLPMRJQYALMGNUVPDXVKP DQUMEBEDMHDAFMJGZNUPLGEWJLLAETG Slide 30 Kryptos Part 2 Plaintext Keywords: KRYPTOS and ABSCISSA It was totally invisible. How's that possible? They used the earth's magnetic field. x The information was gathered and transmitted undergruund to an unknown location. x Does Langley know about this? They should: it's buried out there somewhere. x Who knows the exact location? Only WW. This was his last message: x 38 degrees 57 minutes 6.5 seconds North, 77 degrees 8 minutes 44 seconds West. ID by rows. Slide 31 Kryptos Part 1 A clue for part 2? Between subtle shading and the absence of light lies the nuance of iqlusion. Subtle Shading: SS Absence: ABS Light: C ABS C I SS A ABSCISSA ABS SS "C I A" ? Slide 32 Kryptos Part 3 Slide 33 Kryptos Part 3 Ciphertext ENDYAHROHNLSRHEOCPTEOIBIDYSHNAIA CHTNREYULDSLLSLLNOHSNOSMRWXMNE TPRNGATIHNRARPESLNNELEBLPIIACAE WMTWNDITEENRAHCTENEUDRETNHAEOE TFOLSEDTIWENHAEIOYTEYQHEENCTAYCR EIFTBRSPAMHHEWENATAMATEGYEERLB TEEFOASFIOTUETUAEOTOARMAEERTNRTI BSEDDNIAAHTTMSTEWPIEROAGRIEWFEB AECTDDHILCEIHSITEGOEAOSDDRYDLORIT RKLMLEHAGTDHARDPNEOHMGFMFEUHE ECDMRIPFEIMEHNLSSTTRTVDOHW Slide 34 Kryptos Part 3 Rows ENDYAHROHNLSRHEOCPTEOIBIDYSHNAIACHTNREYULDSLLSLL NOHSNOSMRWXMNETPRNGATIHNRARPESLNNELEBLPIIACAEWMT WNDITEENRAHCTENEUDRETNHAEOETFOLSEDTIWENHAEIOYTEY QHEENCTAYCREIFTBRSPAMHHEWENATAMATEGYEERLBTEEFOAS FIOTUETUAEOTOARMAEERTNRTIBSEDDNIAAHTTMSTEWPIEROA GRIEWFEBAECTDDHILCEIHSITEGOEAOSDDRYDLORITRKLMLEH AGTDHARDPNEOHMGFMFEUHEECDMRIPFEIMEHNLSSTTRTVDOHW? S L O W L Y D E S P A R A T L Y Slide 35 Kryptos Part 3 Plaintext Slowly, desparatly slowly, the remains of passage debris that encumbered the lower part of the doorway was removed. With trembling hands I made a tiny breach in the upper left-hand corner. And then, widening the hole a little, I inserted the candle and peered in. The hot air escaping from the chamber caused the flame to flicker, but presently details of the room within emerged from the mist. x Can you see anything q? Slide 36