kristina smolijaninovaite

OUTSTANDING UNIVERSAL VALUE: CRITERIA FOR THE INSCRIPTION OF CULTURAL

PROPERTIES ON THE UNESCO WORLD HERITAGE SITES AND THE CONCEPT OF AUTHENTICITY

Kristina Smolijaninovaite

International Forum

“NGOs in Support of the World Heritage Properties”

June 22-24, 2012,

St. Petersburg, Russia

TABLE OF CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION TO THE 1972 UNESCO WORLD HERITAGE CONVENTION

DEFINITION OF CULTURAL HERITAGE

THE CONCEPT OF OUTSTANDING UNIVERSAL VALUE (OUV)

WORLD HERITAGE LIST: SELECTION CRITERIA

EXAMPLES

THE CONCEPT OF AUTHENTICITY

UNIVERSAL VERSUS LOCAL VALUE

CONCLUSIONS AND BIBLIOGRAPHY

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KRISTINA SMOLIJANINOVAITE

INTRODUCTION

1972 UNESCO World Heritage Convention – a global framework to protection the heritage of all mankind:

- For this purpose the preamble demands “a convention establishing an effective system of collective protection of the cultural and natural heritage of outstanding universal value”


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INTRO CULTURAL HERITAGE

OUV CRITERIA EXAMPLES AUTHENTICITY UNIVERSAL VS. LOCAL

CONCLUSIONS /

BIBLIOGRAPHY

DEFINITION OF CULTURAL HERITAGE

MONUMENTS (e.g. Taj Mahal)

architectural works, works of monumental sculpture and painting, elements or structures of an archaeological nature, inscriptions, cave dwellings

Photo source: weltwunder-online.de

GROUPS OF BUILDINGS (e.g. L'viv – the Ensemble of the Historic Centre)

groups of separate or connected buildings Photo source: lviv.travel

SITES (e.g. Garden Kingdom of Dessau-Wörlitz)

works of man or the combined works of nature and of man, and areas including archaeological sites Photo source: ixwin.de


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CONCLUSIONS /

BIBLIOGRAPHY

OUTSTANDING UNIVERSAL VALUE



CONCLUSIONS /

BIBLIOGRAPHY

The Operational Guidelines (2005):

“OUV means cultural and/or natural significance which is so exceptional as to transcend national boundaries and to be of common importance for present and future generations of all humanity.”


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INSCRIPTION CRITERIA


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viii)

ix)

i) a masterpiece

x)

OUV



CONCLUSIONS /

BIBLIOGRAPHY

ii) important interchange of values/interests

iii) exceptional testimony to a civilisation

iv) a type of construction or site/typology

v)

vi) association with traditions or beliefs

vii) natural beauty/aesthetics

geology

biological/ecological processes

biodiversity

interaction human/environment

EXAMPLES


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Bauhaus and its Sites in Weimar and Dessau (Germany)

Date of inscription: 1996

Criteria: (ii)(iv)(vi)Photo source: mindpicnic.de

Robben island (South Africa)


Criteria: (iii)(vi) Photo source: whc.unesco.org

Rice Terraces of the Philippine Cordilleras (Philippines)


Criteria: (iii)(iv)(v)Photo source: whs.unesco.org



CONCLUSIONS /

BIBLIOGRAPHY

THE CONCEPT OF AUTHENTICITY

OG (before 2005 revisions)- the ‘test of authenticity’ was referred to

four parameters: design, material, workmanship and setting.

- It was seen basically in reference to the tangible material of the heritage.

NARA (1994): Emphasis on workmanship rather than material

OG (revised)

-have given a new definition for the ‘conditions of authenticity’

-additionally includes: traditions, techniques, language and other forms of intangible heritage, as well as spirit and feeling or other issues, showing a much broader recognition of the different aspects of culture and heritage.


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CONCLUSIONS /

BIBLIOGRAPHY

UNIVERSAL VERSUS LOCAL VALUE


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CONCLUSIONS /

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Palaces and Parks of Potsdam and BerlinCriteria: (i), (ii), (iv)

- universal value: beauty of the site and its significance in relation to ideas of enlightenment during the time of Frederich the Great and Voltaire.

- Local significance: stress more in terms of the might of the empire?

Collegiate Church, Castle and Old Town of Quedlinburg Criteria: (iv)

- universal values: reflecting medieval history of Europe

- Local significance: like to interpret it from today's perspective of advancement of women?

CONCLUSIONS


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CONCLUSIONS /

BIBLIOGRAPHY

The 1972 World Heritage Convention is an effort to protect ‘heritage of all mankind’, based on the concept of ‘outstanding universal value’. The Convention involves an important qualifying condition of authenticity under the OG.

It is not only to mitigate the effects of industrialisation and destruction through war but to set global standards in heritage protection.

Challenges: concept of authenticity and misrepresentation of world heritage sites along the lines of national importance.

The concept of World Heritage is a dynamic (e.g. the category of cultural landscape in 1992 and the Nara Document on Authenticity in 1994)

BIBLIOGRAPHY


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CONCLUSIONS /

BIBLIOGRAPHY

http://www.international.icomos.org/publications/pdf

http://whc.unesco.org/archive/opguide11-en.pdf

http://whc.unesco.org/archive/nara94.htm

http://rum1.aarch.dk/uploads/media/J._Jokilehto_2006.pdf





http://whc.unesco.org/archive/nara94.htm

http://rum1.aarch.dk/uploads/media/Considerations_on_authenticity_and_integrity_in_world_heritage_context__J._Jokilehto_2006.pdf



kristina smolijaninovaite

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