krishna river

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Krishna River

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This article is about the Indian river. For other uses, see Krishna (disambiguation).This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article

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removed. (July 2007)

Coordinates: 1557N 8059E / 15.950N 80.983E

Krishna

Krishna River Gorge by Srisailam, Andhra Pradesh, India

Country India

States Maharashtra, Karnataka, Andhra PradeshTributaries

- leftBhima, Dindi, Peddavagu, Halia, Musi, Paleru,

Munneru

- rightVenna, Koyna, Panchganga, Dudhganga,

Ghataprabha, Malaprabha, Tungabhadra

Source Mahabaleswar

- elevation 1,337 m (4,386 ft)

- coordinates 175528N 733936E / 17.92444N 73.66000E

Mouth Bay Of Bengal

- elevation 0 m (0 ft)

- coordinates 1557N 8059E / 15.950N 80.983E [1]

Length 1,400 km (870 mi) approx.

Basin 258,948 km2 (99,980 sq mi)

Dischargefor Vijaywada (1901-1979 average), max (2009), min(1997)

- average 1,641.74 m3/s (57,978 cu ft/s)

- max 31,148.53 m3/s (1,100,000 cu ft/s)

- min13.52 m

3

/s (477 cu ft/s)

Page 1 of 14Krishna River - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

03-06-2013http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krishna_River


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The main rivers of India

Prakasam Barrage on the Krishna in

Vijayawada in 2007

Krishna river nearVijayawada




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The Krishna River is one of the longest rivers in central-southern India, about 1,400 kilometres

(870 mi). It is also referred to as Krishnaveni in its original nomenclature. The Krishna River isthe third longest river in India after the Ganges and the Godavari.

Contents

[hide]

1 Course

2 Tributaries 3 Bridges 4 Places and temples

5 Dams 6 Krishna Basin

7 Floods 8 See also 9 External links

10 References

Course [edit]

Krishna river rises at Mahabaleswarnear the Jor village in the extreme north ofWai Taluka,Satara District, Maharashtra in the west and meets the Bay of Bengal at Hamasaladeevi (nearAvanigadda) in Andhra Pradesh, on the east coast. It flows through the state ofKarnatakabefore

entering Andhra Pradesh. The delta of this river is one of the most fertile regions in India and wasthe home to ancient Satavahana and Ikshvaku Sun Dynasty kings. Vijayawada is the largest city

on the River Krishna. Sangli is the largest city on the river Krishna in Maharashtra state.

Ecologically, this is one of the disastrous rivers in the world, in that it causes heavy soil erosionduring the monsoon season. It flows fast and furious, often reaching depths of over 75 feet (23 m).

Ironically, there is a saying in Marathi (language ofMaharashtra) "Santh vaahate Krishnamaai"which means "quiet flows Krishna". This term is also used to describe how a person should be, as

quiet as Krishna. But, in reality, Krishna causes a high degree of erosion between June andAugust. During this time, Krishna takes fertile soil from Maharashtra, Karnataka and westernAndhra Pradesh towards the delta region.

Tributaries [edit]

Its most important tributary is the Tungabhadra River, which is formed by the Tunga Riverand

Bhadra Riverthat originate in the Western Ghats of Karnataka State. Other tributaries include theKudali river, Venna River, Koyna River, Bhima River(and its tributaries such as the Kudali Riverfeeding into the Upper Bhima River Basin), Malaprabha River, Ghataprabha River, Yerla River,

Warna River, Dindi River, Paleru River, Musi River, Urmodi River ( ), Tarli River( ) and Dudhganga River.

The rivers Venna, Koyna, Vasna, Panchganga, Dudhganga, Ghataprabha, Malaprabha and

Tungabhadrajoin Krishna from the right bank; while the Yerla River, Musi River, Munneru andBhima rivers join the Krishna from the left bank.




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Venna River is (First River) Join Krishna River At Sangam Mahuli,Satara.Urmodi River () is (Second River) join Krishna at Kashil (), Satara . Tarli River ( ) is (ThirdRiver)join Krishna at Umbraj () Satara. Then Koyna River is (Fourth River) Join At Karad()Satara .This spot is known as Preeti Sangam, Meaning Lovely Meeting. There is Four RiverJoin At Krishna River In Satara District...

Three tributaries meet Krishna river nearSangli. Warana River meets Krishna river near Sangli at

Haripur. This spot is also known as Sangameshwar. Panchganga Rivermeets Krishna river atNarsobawadi near Sangli. These places are very holy. It is said that Lord Dattatreya spent some ofhis days at Audumber on the banks of river Krishna. Sangameswaram of Kurnool district in

Andhra Pradesh is a famous pilgrim center for Hindus where Tungabhadra and Bhavanasi riversjoin krishna. Sangameswaram temple is now drowned in the Srisailam reservoir and visible for

devotees only during summer when the reservoir's water level comes down [2]

Bridges [edit]

Krishna Bridge, Wai - This is one of the oldest bridges built by the British in India. Builtwith black rock and with nine attractive "kamans(arches)", the bridge also serves as a floodmark (when the water rises to the level of the road on the bridge) for the "Waikar" people.

Irwin Bridge, Sangli - This is one of the oldest, historic and largest bridges built on river

Krishna during the British rule. This Bridge is built of Red colored stone and has twopassages to climb down in the middle of the bridge and view the river water. The Ex ChiefMinister of Maharashtra, Late Shri Vasantdada Patil who led the freedom struggle in

Western Maharashtra himself jumped into river Krishna from Irwin Bridge when he waschased by the British army.

B.Soundatti Bridge, Raibag - This is also one of the oldest bridges built during the British

rule. This bridge connects Maharashtra to Karnataka state.

Krishna River Tributaries

Munneru River in Andhra Pradesh Akeru River in Andhra Pradesh

Paleru River in Andhra Pradesh Musi Riverin Andhra Pradesh Bhavanasi river in kurnool district

Tungabhadra River Vedavathi River

Suvarnamukhi River

Veda River Avathi River

Varada River Tunga River

Bhadra River Bhima Riverin Maharashtra and Karnataka

Sina River

Nira River Mula-Mutha River

Mula River

Mutha River

Chandani River Kamini River Moshi River




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Bori River

Man River Bhogwati River Indrayani River

Kundali River Kumandala River

Ghod River Bhama River Pavna River

Malaprabha River Ghataprabha River

Varna or Warna River Koyna River Venna River

Places and temples [edit]

Pre Historic sites of Middle Krishna-

Tungabhadra Valley in Andhra Pradesh

The first holy place on the river Krishna is "Dakshin Kashi Wai", known for the Mahaganpati

Mandir and Kashivishweshwar temple. It has seven ghats along the river. Temples like Dattadevatemple, which is revered by the people of Maharashtra, is located on the banks of Krishna at

Narasoba Waadi and Audumber nearSangli. Also, Sangameshwar Shiva Temple at HaripurandRamling Temple are located on the banks of river Krishna near Sangli.

Popular pilgrim spots like Audumber and Narsobawadi are located on the banks of river Krishna

nearSangli in Maharashtra state. Kudalasangama is located nearBagalkot, in Karnataka which isan Aikya linga ofBasaveshwara. Srisailam, one of the twelve jyotirlingas, has an ancient templeforLord Shiva. Sangameswra Swamy temple (seen only during summer) is situated near Atmakur.

The international Kalachakra festival was celebrated in the presence ofDalai Lama in Amaravati.Amaravati was the capital of the imperial Satavahanas who held sway overSouth India for 400

years and also a great seat of Buddhist learning and wisdom. Vijayawada on the left bank of theriver has a famous temple situated on Indrakeeladri mountain dedicated to Goddess Kanaka

Durga.




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There are many popular temples on Krishna River. Wai is an ancient city located on this holy

river. There is "Krushnabai Utsav" celebrated for 12 months during January to February on thisghats. This utsav is celebrated because it is said that, Krushnabai gave Victory to ChhatrapatiShivaji Maharaj against Afzal Khan about 350 years back. There is a big Ganpati mandir

constructed in 1764. The other places along the banks of this river are Satara City, Karad, Sanglietc.

Dams [edit]

There are many dams constructed across the Krishna river.

Dhom Balakwadi

Dhom Dam, Maharashtra Tungabhadra Dam

Basava Sagar Dam (Karnataka) Almatti Dam Srisailam Dam

Nagarjuna Sagar Dam Prakasam Barrage

Jurala Dam Narayanpur Dam downstream ofAlmatti Dam Amar Dam

Pulichitnthala Dam is under construction.

Krishna Basin [edit]

Krishna Basin extends over an area of 258,948 square kilometres (99,980 sq mi) which is nearly

8% of the total geographical area of the country. This large basin lies in the states of Karnataka

(113,271 km2), Andhra Pradesh (76,252 km2) and Maharashtra (69,425 km2).

The Krishna river rises in the Western Ghats, at an elevation of about 1337 m just north of

Mahabaleshwar, about 64 km from the Arabian Sea. It flows for about 1400 km and outfalls intothe Bay of Bengal. The principal tributaries joining Krishna are the Ghataprabha, the Malaprabha,

the Bhima, the Tungabhadra and the Musi.

Most of this basin comprises rolling and undulating country, except for the western border, whichis formed by an unbroken line of the Western Ghats. The important soil types found in the basin

are black soils, red soils, laterite and lateritic soils, alluvium, mixed soils, red and black soils andsaline and alkaline soils.

An average annual surface water potential of 78.1 km has been assessed in this basin. Out of this,

58.0 km is utilisable water. Culturable area in the basin is about 203,000 km2, which is 10.4% ofthe total culturable area of the country.

Mullayanagiripeak, in Karnataka, is the highest point (1,930m) of the Krishna basin.

Floods [edit]

In 2009 October heavy floods occurred, isolating 350 villages and leaving millions homeless,[3]

which is believed to be first occurrence in 1000 years. The flood resulted in heavy damage to




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Kurnool, Mahabubnagar, Guntur, Krishna and Nalagonda Districts. The entire city of Kurnool was

immersed in approximately 10 feet (3.0 m) water for nearly 3 days.

Water inflow of 1,110,000 cu ft/s (31,000 m3/s)st was recorded at the Prakasam Barriage, which

surpassed the previous record of 1,080,000 cu ft/s (31,000 m3/s)recorded in the year 1903.

The ruling Congress government in Andhra Pradesh state attributed the floods to excessive rainfallin the catchment areas of the river upstream of Srisailam dam. However, in the opinion of mostexperts, and the general public, the floods occurred due to mismanagement on the part of the stategovernment. Influenced by the drought-like situation that had prevailed till the rain event that led

to this flood, and to ensure water for irrigation projects in the Rayalaseema region of AndhraPradesh, the government of the day dithered, while water management experts exhorted it to

empty Srisailam reservoir ahead of the expected deluge. This resulted in an unprecedented volumeof water backing up behind Srisailam dam, resulting in floods both upstream of the river, anddownstream as well, when all the gates of the dam were opened for several days to bring storage

at Srisailam back to normal levels. And the villages named Buggamadharam, Vajinepalli,Vellaturu, and Chintriyala were also effected. Mainly Buggamadharam village is surrounded by

fully water on 4 sides. The people of this village were shifted to nearby places of factories forhelp.

See also [edit]

Krishna (the deity) Krishna Water Disputes Tribunal

List of rivers of India Tungabhadra River Godavari River

Upper Krishna Project

External links [edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to:Krishna River

Wikisource has the text of the 1911Encyclopdia Britannica articleKistna (river).

River Krishna

About River Krishna Krishna River Basin International Water Management Institute (IWMI): Krishna Basin

Major Reservoirs on River Krishna Map of River Krishna in Andhra Pradesh

Map of River Krishna Historic Floods, 2009 in Andhra Pradesh Krishna River Management of Floods, 2009 in Andhra Pradesh

References [edit]




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1. ^ Krishna at GEOnet Names Server

2. ^ Srisailam project manual3. ^ "Flooding along the Krishna River: Natural Hazards". earthobservatory.nasa.gov.

Retrieved 11 October 2009.

[hide]

v

t e

Krishna basin

Rivers

Bhima Tungabhadra Musi

Koyna

Vedavathi Tunga Bhadra Malaprabha

Ghataprabha Paleru

Dams,barrages

Tungabhadra Dam Dhom Dam Almatti Dam

Srisailam Dam Nagarjuna Sagar Dam Prakasam Barrage

Narayanpur Dam Koyna Dam

Joorala Nagarjuna Sagar tail pond Rajolibanda Dam

Pulichintala Sunkesula

Osman Sagar

Warna Ghataprabha

Malaprabha Bhadra dam

Hydro powerstations Tungabhadra Dam

Almatti Dam Srisailam Dam

Nagarjuna Sagar Dam Radhanagari dam

Koyna Joorala Nagarjuna Sagar tail pond




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Bhadra

Pulichintala Munirabad Kanher Dam

Geographicalfeatures/

regions

Marathwada Karnataka

Telangana Coastal Andhra Konkan

Deccan Plateau Western Ghats

Eastern Ghats

Ripariandistricts

Maharashtra

Sangli

Pune Beed Osmanabad

Solapur Latur Sindhudurg

Ratnagiri Kolhapur Raigarh

Karnataka

Haveri Raichur

Gulbarga Bijapur Bagalkot

Bidar Uttara Kannada

Dharwad Bellary Dakshina Kannada

Udupi

Davanagere Shimoga Haveri Gadag

Chikmagalur Chitradurga

Koppal Tumkur Belgaum

Andhra

Pradesh Medak Krishna Guntur




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Kurnool

Warangal Khammam Nalgonda

Ananthapur Ranga Reddy

Mahboobnagar Prakasam Hyderabad

Karimnagar

Cities

Hyderabad

Pune Vijayawada Bagalkot

Karad

Ballary Warangal Hubli

Ores andMinerals

Iron ore

Dolamite Lime stone Granite

Oil/ gas

fields Krishna Godavari Basin

Industries

Vijayawada Thermal Power Station

Raichur Thermal Power Station Bellari Thermal Power Station Jindal steel, Bellary

Kudremukh Iron Cementplants

Transport

NH 4 NH4A NH5

NH 13 NH14

NH7 NH 18 NH9

NH48 NH63

NH 202

NH204 NH218

NH206




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NH221

NH234

Relatedtopics

Krishna Water Disputes Tribunal

Other river

basins

Godavari

Penna

[show]

Links to related articles

Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Krishna_River&oldid=557369605"Categories:

Rivers of Karnataka Rivers of Maharashtra

Rivers of Andhra Pradesh Krishna River

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Articles needing additional references from July 2007 All articles needing additional references Geobox usage tracking for river type

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