kosher and halal רשכ and ﻝﻼﺣ - mvo = lawful • haram = prohibited • for muslims what...
TRANSCRIPT
Kosher and Halal
Barry Brakenhoff MVO Course Food & Feed Safety of Vegetable Oils and Fats
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Kosher and Halal and כשר حالل
Goal
• To give a better understanding of what kosher and halal food regulations are all about
• To give a better understanding of what implications are
What do the Words Themselves Mean? • Kosher = Fit or Proper • Treyf = Not Kosher • For jewish people
• Halal = Lawful • Haram = Prohibited • For muslims
What makes a product kosher or halal is to whether it follows the religious rules required for food production. Being certified does not mean it is blessed food
Agenda
• Major Religions around the world • Kosher & halal logo
– Food laws vs Way of life – MEAT – DAIRY – ALCOHOL
• How do kosher and halal influences us? – EQUIPMENT – PROCESSING AIDS & ADDITIVES – TRANSPORT
– Summary
Religions in numbers
• Christianity: 1.9 billion • Islam: 1.1 billion • Hinduism: 800 million • Buddhism: 325 million • Judaism: 13 million
Chrisitanity 32%
Muslims 20%
Judaism 1%
Nonreligios 15%
Hiduism 13%
Primal-indigenous
5% Chinese traditional
5%
Buddhism 5%
Sikhism 1%
other 3%
Kosher logo
Reason: Meat and Dairy … never mix ( Exodus 23:19)
• No specific logo ‘standard’ kosher = Kosher Parev ( Pareve) • Meat and Dairy There a only 2 major kosher logo’s to identify a kosher product contains Milk and Meat
Kosher dairy comes with the letter D • Kosher meat comes with the word ‘MEAT’
19 The choicest first-fruits of thy land thou shalt bring into the house of the LORD thy God. Thou shalt not seethe a kid in its mother's milk.
This is the logo for kosher Passover
Kosher logo - True or False
Prohibited grains at Passover
No products coming from wheat, rye, barley, spelt, or oats soyabeans , rapeseeds & sunseeds are kitniyot*.
* Literally "small things," such as other grains and legumes
Halal logo • Halal does not differentiate on meat nor dairy
• Logo always contains the word the word HALAL or
حالل
Religious Foods laws – Main points • (Allowed) animals • blood • Alcohol • mixing milk and meat
Certified food are marked with a logo
Religious Foods laws – MEAT • Consume/process allowed animals • Products derived from religious slaughtered animals are also
kosher or halal
Due to requirements of religious slaughtering meat can NEVER be kosher & halal
TYPE
TALLOW … Only If it comes from kosher certified or halal certified sources (animals are slaughtered according to religious guidelines). If you can not guarantee it…. Avoid it
FISH OIL Yes,…..If it is from scaled fish So no Eel, Tuna, swordfish, Marlin, Catfish,….
LARD Under no condition Lard can be kosher nor Halal
MEAT
Religious Foods laws – DAIRY • Earlier it was said that products derived from religious slaughtered
animals are also kosher or halal
Milk, Butter, Butterfat, milk powders can be kosher or halal as long as they are from controlled halal/kosher sources
Logo wise Halal does not differentiate. Kosher Dairy comes with the letter D (Kosher Chalev)
Customer produces kosher dairy products (spraydried milk powders) Request comes in to deliver the oil Kosher Chalav (kosher milk status) Can that be done?
Religious Foods laws – DAIRY
Customer produces kosher dairy products (spraydried milk powders) Request comes in to deliver the oil Kosher Chalav (kosher milk status) Can that be done?
Religious Foods laws – DAIRY
No. Oil and Fat can never be kosher chalav, as they are not dairy ingredients Oils and Fats are certified as Kosher Parev (Kosher Neutral) so this will not effect the kosher status of the line and equipment, nor the product
Religious Foods laws – Alcohol • Grape products (restriction against product of idolatry). • Wine was commonly used in the rituals of all ancient
religions. For this reason, use of wines and other grape products made by non-Jews was prohibited
• Muslims will not consume alcohol at all
• Whole grapes are not a problem, nor are whole grapes in fruit cocktail. Considered as fruit
Wine Kosher Yes, but……. Kosher wine (Hebrew: יין כשר , yayin kashér) is grape wine produced according to Judaism's religious law, specifically, the Jewish dietary laws (kashrut) regarding wine
Religious Foods laws – Alcohol
Wine Halal? NO
Religious Foods laws – Alcohol
Sep 2nd, 2009 | Nymegen, Netherlands THE DUTCH ENTREPRENEUR TANER TABAK HAS MANAGED TO PRODUCE A 100% HALAL WINE. HIS KEVSER HELAL WINE HAS BEEN AWARDED THE HALAL QUALITY CONTROL (HQC) CERTIFICATE. THIS IMPLIES THAT THERE IS ZERO PERCENT ALCOHOL IN IT FAITHFUL MUSLIMS CAN NOT DRINK ALCOHOL, THOUGH NOT EVERY BELIEVER FOLLOWS THIS RULE Read more: http://www.wijnidee.com/en/2009/09/02/first-halal-certified-wine/#ixzz1Heak1oiP
Religious Food Laws - Summary In general best option to • avoid Animal fats • avoid Marine oils • avoid Alcohol
– But also e.g. Redwine vinegar, grapejuice (grape derivatives) • avoid Dairy products • avoid Chocolate compounds (may contain e.g milkpowders)
And if something goes wrong… talk to and inform them without restriction. So they can make a good judgment. There is often more possible than you think
Religious Food Laws - Summary • Avoid Blood • Avoid Carion (derivatives of dead animals) • Avoid Alcohol
– But also e.g. Redwine vinegar, grapejuice (grape derivatives) • Avoid Dairy products • Avoid Chocolate compounds (may contain e.g milkpowders)
And if something goes wrong… talk to and inform them without restriction. So they can make a good judgment. There is often more possible than you think
What if no kosher nor halal is available? • If one is forced because there is no other choice, neither craving
nor transgressing, there is no sin on him. Surah 2:173
• We have agreed in the case of saving a soul he may be given to eat even unclean things, until his eyes are lightened from death".Talmud, for instance B. Yoma 83a
• Utensils (pots, pans, plates, etc.) must be religious clean in order to prepare a meal
• A utensil picks up the kosher/halal status of the food. Forbidden foods thus changes to
status of your utensil to non-religious Additional for kosher • Kosher status can be transmitted from the food to the utensil or from the
utensil to the food only in the presence of heat, thus if you are eating cold food in a non-kosher establishment, the condition of the plates is not an issue
• If you are going to use a dishwasher in a kosher home, you either need to have separate dish racks or you need to run the dishwasher in between meat and dairy loads
Same principle that applies to utensils, dishwasher etc, applies in our daily practice to pumps, pipes, tanks, trucks, flexible hoses,....
Religious Foods laws vs Equipment
Citric acid is bought from Kosher certified supplier. Primarily it is bought from certified supplier A
Kosher Certified Producer of Citric
Acid YOU
kosher
(Re)Packer No Certified Producer of Citric Acid
Not kosher
Someday company X switches from bulk to packed ( IBCs). Although it is the same product Kosher status is at stake Packer was not acceptable to Rabbinate as this company (re)packs citric acid from various uncontrolled sources
Religious Foods laws vs Proc. Aids & Add
• Seagoing vessels stows 5 compartments of which 1 with Tallow olein, 4 with CPO
• Ship has combined boiler system • Compartments share metal wall construction
Comp 1 Comp. 2 Comp. 3 Comp.4 Comp. 5
heater
Small leakage in wall construction or heating system might contaminate CPO compartments
Religious Foods laws – Wrong Transport
• No shared boiler systems • Compartments do not share metal wall construction.
Comp 1 Comp. 2 Comp. 3 Comp.4 Comp. 5
heater
heater
heater
Avoid contamination at any stage. Transport/ storage/ production/ transport….
Religious Foods laws – Right Transport
For Halal no hard requirements regarding transport. Advise to follow kosher rules.
Religious Foods laws – Right Transport
● Use Kosher trucks if possible
● Else trucks were 3 previous cargoes are “Kosher neutral”
• no animal
• no dairy
• no alcohol
• no chocolate compounds
Truck Kosherization Simplified • Cold products: Simple washing, drain, dry • Hot products (>50 C): Normal cleaning, 24 hr idle time, flood with boiling water,
drain, dry
For Halal no hard requirements regarding transport. Advise to follow kosher rules
Summary • Avoid Contamination
– in supply chain, storage, process and transport • Transport
– Dedicated trucks or – Paper give up of 3 previous cargoes
• Storage – Mind tank status when external storage
• Process – Mind status of processing aids and additives