korean politics. outline republic of korea –presidential system –national assembly –judiciary...
TRANSCRIPT
Korean Politics
Outline
• Republic of Korea– presidential system– National Assembly– judiciary– parties and elections– external relations
• Democratic People’s Republic of Korea– authoritarian party-state
President of ROK
• Directly elected by all voters
• 5-year term (no 2nd term)
• Head of state
• Chief executive
• Commander-in-chief of the armed forces– power to declare war
• Office and residence: Cheong Wa Dae
Presidential Power
• Appoint Prime Minister, subject to approval by the National Assembly
• Propose legislation
• Appoint the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, subject to approval by the National Assembly
National Assembly
• Unicameral legislature with 300 members, who serve four-year terms
• 246 directly elected from districts
• 54 appointed by political parties proportional to vote share
• law-making
• approve national budget
• impeach President
Local Government
• Three levels:– central government– higher-level local
governments• 8 municipality governments• 9 do (province) governments
– lower-level local governments
• cities, counties, districts
Evolution of Party System
• 1950s: Liberal Party, Progressive Party, ...
• 1961, Park dissolved all political parties, abolished local elections & local councils
• 1980, General Chun banned political activities by party members
• 1987, presidential election
• 1988, National Assembly election
Foreign Direct Investment
• The financial crisis of 1997 was a turning point
• Less than 2,000 foreign-invested companies in 1997
• 14,000 foreign-invested companies in 2010
• US$11.5 billion inward FDI in 2009
• US$16.3 billion inward FDI in 2012
D.P.R.K.
• Workers’ Party of Korea– General Secretary of the Central Committee
• Kim Jong-Il (1994 - 2011)• Kim Jong-Un (2011- )
– Politburo
• Cabinet: premier and ministers
• National Defense Commission
• Supreme People’s Assembly
The Six-Party Talks since 2003