Økodesign ‘chiller’ med naturlige kuldemedier · 2019-06-25 · •gc1 (glycol cooled) and gc2...
TRANSCRIPT
Økodesign ‘Chiller’ med naturlige kuldemedierArmin Hafner
Kveldsmøte
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Introduction• European Directive 2009/125/EC: since2018 chillers with a
rated cooling capacity not exceeding 2 MW must fulfill aseries of “ecodesign” requirements to be placed on themarket and/or put into service
• Carbon dioxide (R744) is the an environmentally-friendlyrefrigerant classified as A1
• R744 is, at least initially, not the first choice for airconditioning or chiller units due to its special thermo-physicalproperties
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Aim of the work• This work aims at experimentally proving that R744 chillers
can satisfy the ecodesign requirements by recovering part ofthe available expansion work with the aid of two-phaseejectors.
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Regulation 2016/2281• This is the most important executive regulation related to the
Ecodesign Directive for comfort chillers• Minimum required seasonal space cooling energy efficiency
Comfort chiller tier 1 tier 201.01.2018 01.01.2021ηs,c [%] ηs,c [%]
Air‐to‐water chillerscooling capacity < 400 kW 149 161cooling capacity ≥ 400 kW 161 179Water/brine to water chillersCooling capacity < 400 kW 196 200400 kW ≤ cooling capacity < 1.5 MW 227 252
cooling capacity ≥ 1.5 MW 245 272
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Air-to-water and water/brine-to-water comfort chillers• Rating points for the calculation of the seasonal space
cooling energy efficiency (ηs,c)
Comfortchiller
RatingPoint
PartLoadRatio
Outdoor side heat exchanger Indoor side heat exchangerInlet temp.
[°C]Outlet temp.
[°C]Inlet temp.
[°C]Outlet temp.
[°C]
Air‐to‐water
A 100% 35 ‐ 12 7B 74% 30 ‐ 12 7C 47% 25 ‐ 12 7D 21% 20 ‐ 12 7
Water/brine to water
A 100% 30 35 12 7B 74% 26 ‐ 12 7C 47% 22 ‐ 12 7D 21% 18 ‐ 12 7
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Air-to-water and water/brine-to-water comfort chillers(2)
• European cooling season for comfort chillers and air conditioner
Point Tamb[°C]
tannum[h]
EER calculation
ηload
[%]Point Tamb
[°C]tannum[h]
EER calculation
ηload
[%]
1 +17 205 EER (D) 21 13 +29 88 Linear interpolation 68.62 +18 227 EER (D) 21 14 +30 63 B ‐ measured value 743 +19 225 EER (D) 21 15 +31 39 Linear interpolation 79.24 +20 225 D ‐ measured value 21 16 +32 31 Linear interpolation 84.45 +21 216 Linear interpolation 26.2 17 +33 24 Linear interpolation 89.66 +22 215 Linear interpolation 31.4 18 +34 17 Linear interpolation 94.87 +23 218 Linear interpolation 36.6 19 +35 13 A ‐ measured value 1008 +24 197 Linear interpolation 41.8 20 +36 9 EER (A) 1009 +25 178 C ‐ measured value 47 21 +37 4 EER (A) 10010 +26 158 Linear interpolation 52.4 22 +38 3 EER (A) 10011 +27 137 Linear interpolation 57.8 23 +39 1 EER (A) 10012 +28 109 Linear interpolation 63.2 24 +40 0 EER (A) 100
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Experimental setup
Super‐Smart Facility, sponsored by Advansor
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Experimental setup: Active (used) parts• Two inverter controlled
compressors• GC1 (glycol cooled) and GC2
(water cooled) are used, while GC3is bypassed
• EJAC indicates a multi-ejectorblock designed for highentrainment ratio and low pressurelift
• EVAPAC,1 indicates a plate heatexchanger evaporator whose heatload is provided by an auxiliaryglycol loop
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Test procedure• Test conditions -> set-points
Comfortchiller
Ratin
g Po
int Part
LoadRatio
Outdoor side heat exchanger Indoor side heat exchanger
Condensation
temp. [°C]
High pressure [barabs]
Gas cooler outlettemp. [°C]
Evaporation temp.[°C]
Air‐to‐water
A 100% ‐ over 74 +37 +6B 74% ‐ over 74 +31 +6C 47% +30 71 +26 +6D 21% +25 64 +21 +6
Water/brine to water
A 100% ‐ over 74 +32 +6B 74% +29.5 70.3 +28 +6C 47% +25.5 64.5 +24 +6D 21% +21.5 59 +20 +6
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Test results • Conditions as measured
Comfortchiller
RatingPoint
PartLoadRatio
Outdoor side heat exchanger Indoor side heat exchanger
Condensationtemp. [°C]
High pressure [barabs]
Gas cooler outlettemp. [°C]
Evaporation temp.[°C]
Air‐to‐water
A 100% ‐ 89.8 +37.1 +6B 74% ‐ 79.8 +31.3 +5.9C 47% +30.6 72.8 +26.1 +6D 21% +23.8 62.1 +21.1 +5.9
Water/brine‐to‐water
A 100% ‐ 80.5 +32.3 +5.9B 74% +29.3 70.0 +28.2 +5.6C 47% +25.4 64.3 +24.2 +5.4D 21% +22.2 60.0 +20.3 +6
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Results
Comfort chiller
Rating Point
Part Load Ratio
Cooling capacity [kW]
Powerconsumption [kW]
EER[‐]
Tin,gl[°C]
Tout,gl[°C]
Air‐to‐water
A 100% 53.2 18.2 2.9 +17.4 +11.3B 74% 39.5 10.7 3.7 +15.2 +10.1C 47% 25.1 5.2 4.8 +11.5 +8.5D 21% 11.2 2 5.6 +10.5 +8.3
Water/brine‐to‐water
A 100% 53.3 15.2 3.5 +16.1 +9.1B 74% 39.5 9.0 4.4 +21.0 +7.9C 47% 25.1 4.6 5.4 +15.9 +7.0D 21% 11.2 1.9 5.9 +9.8 +7.3
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Results(2)• Most of the test conditions are very close to the
required one• The resulting glycol inlet and outlet temperatures
are not even close to the required conditions:– This is due to the fact that the used plate heat exchanger
is not designed to handle the required load at thesetemperature differences (the focus of study is to achievethe required cooling capacity)
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Results(3): Air-to-water chillers
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
Minimum value from 1 January 2018 Minimum value from 1 January 2021 Obtained value
Season
al spa
ce coo
ling en
ergy
effic
iency of coo
ling prod
ucts [%
]
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Results(4): Air-to-water chillers+21,7%
+12,7%
0,0
5,0
10,0
15,0
20,0
25,0
Minimum value from 1 January 2018 Minimum value from 1 January 2021
Percen
tage abo
ve m
inim
um Sea
sona
l space cooling en
ergy efficiency of
cooling prod
ucts [%
]
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Results(5): Water/brine to water chillers
0
25
50
75
100
125
150
175
200
225
Minimum value from 1 January 2018 Minimum value from 1 January 2021 Obtained value
Season
al spa
ce coo
ling en
ergy
effic
iency of coo
ling prod
ucts [%
]
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Results(6): Water/brine to water chillers
+3,7%
+1,6%
0,0
1,0
2,0
3,0
4,0
5,0
6,0
7,0
8,0
9,0
10,0
Minimum value from 1 January 2018 Minimum value from 1 January 2021
Percen
tage abo
ve m
inim
um Sea
sona
l space cooling en
ergy efficiency of
cooling prod
ucts [%
]
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Sammendrag
• Det er mulig å produsere CO2chillere som oppfyller økodesign kravene også etter 2021.
Other supplier delivering units with natural working fluids
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Eksempler fra Frigo Plus
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Unit #1
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Unit #2
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Unit #3
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Eksempler fra Frigo Plus
Ecodesing Directive2009/125/EC
www.frigo‐plus.hrv.1
Ecodesign directive – what is it ?• Framework for the setting of ecodesign requirements for energy-related
products• For chillers ecodesign directive is implemented through 2 main Commission
regulation:• 1. Commission Regularion (EU) 2015/1095 - implementing Directive
2009/125/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council with regard to ecodesign requirements for professional refrigerated storage cabinets, blast cabinets, condensing units and process chillers
• 2. Commision Regulation (EU) 2016/2281 - implementing Directive 2009/125/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council establishing a framework for the setting of ecodesign requirements for energy-related products, with regard to ecodesign requirements for air heating products, cooling products, high temperature process chillers and fan coil units
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Energy-related products
Process chiller
SEPR (*)
(EU) 2015/1095
LT regime-25 °C
MT regime-8 °C
(EU) 2016/2281
HT regime+7 °C
Comfort chiller
SEER (**)
(EU) 2016/2281
HT regime+7 °C
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(*) SEPR - seasonal energy performance ratio(**) SEER - seasonal energy efficiency ratio
First tier minimum seasonal space cooling energy efficiency of comfort chillers, expressed in %(From 1 January 2018)
Unit type Rated cooling capacity, [kW] Min. ηs,c (SEER)
AW chiller< 400 149
≥ 400 161
WW chiller
< 400 196
≥ 400 and < 1500 227
≥ 1500 245
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COMFORT CHILLER - SEER
Second tier minimum seasonal space cooling energy efficiency of comfort chillers, expressed in %(From 1 January 2021)
Unit type Rated cooling capacity, [kW] Min. ηs,c (SEER)
AW chiller< 400 161
≥ 400 179
WW chiller
< 400 200
≥ 400 and < 1500 252
≥ 1500 272
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COMFORT CHILLER - SEER
First tier seasonal energy performance ratio of high temperature process chillers (From 1 January 2018)
Unit type Rated cooling capacity, [kW] Min. SEPR value
AW chiller< 400 4,5
≥ 400 5,0
WW chiller
< 400 6,5
≥ 400 and < 1500 7,5
≥ 1500 8,0
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HIGH TEMPERATURE PROCESS CHILLER - SEPR
Second tier seasonal energy performance ratio of high temperature process chillers (From 1 January 2021)
Unit type Rated cooling capacity, [kW] Min. SEPR value
AW chiller< 400 5,0
≥ 400 5,5
WW chiller
< 400 7,0
≥ 400 and < 1500 8,0
≥ 1500 8,5
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HIGH TEMPERATURE PROCESS CHILLER - SEPR
Second tier seasonal energy performance ratio of process chillers (From 1 July 2018)
Unit type Operating temperature
Rated cooling capacity, [kW]
Min. SEPR value
AW chiller
Medium≤ 300 2,58
> 300 3,22
Low≤ 200 1,70
> 200 1,84
WW chiller
Medium≤ 300 3,29
> 300 4,37
Low≤ 200 2,09
> 200 2,42
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PROCESS CHILLER - SEPR
Frigo Plus Calculator
Frigo Plus Calculator
•Interactive chiller selection tool
Chiller configuration
•Selection of the components
Calculation of technical data
Automatic calculation of
SEPR and SEER value
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Lower dT on condenser +Lower dT on evaporator +More capacity steps =Higher efficiency and SEPR and SEER values
Outputs:36 min krav fra 2021: >161
Thank you for your attention!
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www.frigo‐plus.hr
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ENRAD fra Sverige
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Takk for oppmerksomheten!
Armin Hafner