knowledge representation 6 6.0issues in knowledge representation 6.1a brief history of ai...
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KNOWLEDGE REPRESENTATION6
6.0 Issues in Knowledge Representation
6.1 A Brief History of AI Representational Systems
6.2 Conceptual Graphs: A Network Language
6.3 Alternatives to Explicit Representation
6.4 Agent Based and Distributed Problem Solving
6.5 Epilogue and References
6.6 Exercises
Slide 6.1
A R T I F I C I A L I N T E L L I G E N C E: Structure and Strategies for Complex Problem Solving, 4th Edition George F. Luger © 2002 Addison Wesley
Slide 6.2
Figure 6.1: Semantic network developed by Collins and Quillian in their research on human information storage and response times (Harmon and King 1985).
A R T I F I C I A L I N T E L L I G E N C E: Structure and Strategies for Complex Problem Solving, 4th Edition George F. Luger © 2002 Addison Wesley
Slide 6.3
Network representation of properties of snow and ice
A R T I F I C I A L I N T E L L I G E N C E: Structure and Strategies for Complex Problem Solving, 4th Edition George F. Luger © 2002 Addison Wesley
Slide 6.4
Figure 6.3: Three planes representing three definitions of the word “plant” (Quillian 1967).
A R T I F I C I A L I N T E L L I G E N C E: Structure and Strategies for Complex Problem Solving, 4th Edition George F. Luger © 2002 Addison Wesley
Slide 6.5
Figure 6.4: Intersection path between “cry” and “comfort” (Quillian 1967).
A R T I F I C I A L I N T E L L I G E N C E: Structure and Strategies for Complex Problem Solving, 4th Edition George F. Luger © 2002 Addison Wesley
Slide 6.6
Figure 6.5: Case frame representation of the sentence “Sarah fixed thechair with glue.”
A R T I F I C I A L I N T E L L I G E N C E: Structure and Strategies for Complex Problem Solving, 4th Edition George F. Luger © 2002 Addison Wesley
Slide 6.7
Conceptual dependency theory of four primitive conceptualizations
A R T I F I C I A L I N T E L L I G E N C E: Structure and Strategies for Complex Problem Solving, 4th Edition George F. Luger © 2002 Addison Wesley
Slide 6.8
Figure 6.6: Conceptual dependencies (Schank and Rieger 1974).
A R T I F I C I A L I N T E L L I G E N C E: Structure and Strategies for Complex Problem Solving, 4th Edition George F. Luger © 2002 Addison Wesley
Slide 6.9Some basic conceptual dependencies and their use in representation
A R T I F I C I A L I N T E L L I G E N C E: Structure and Strategies for Complex Problem Solving, 4th Edition George F. Luger © 2002 Addison Wesley
Slide 6.10Figure 6.9: Conceptual dependency representing “John ate the egg”
(Schank and Rieger 1974).
Figure 6.10: Conceptual dependency representation of the sentence “John prevented Mary from giving a book to Bill” (Schank and Rieger 1974).
A R T I F I C I A L I N T E L L I G E N C E: Structure and Strategies for Complex Problem Solving, 4th Edition George F. Luger © 2002 Addison Wesley
Slide 6.11
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A R T I F I C I A L I N T E L L I G E N C E: Structure and Strategies for Complex Problem Solving, 4th Edition George F. Luger © 2002 Addison Wesley
Slide 6.12A restaurant script (Schank and Abelson 1977)
A R T I F I C I A L I N T E L L I G E N C E: Structure and Strategies for Complex Problem Solving, 4th Edition George F. Luger © 2002 Addison Wesley
Slide 6.13
A R T I F I C I A L I N T E L L I G E N C E: Structure and Strategies for Complex Problem Solving, 4th Edition George F. Luger © 2002 Addison Wesley
Slide 6.14
Figure 6.12: Part of a frame description of a hotel room. “Specialization” indicates a pointer to a superclass.
A R T I F I C I A L I N T E L L I G E N C E: Structure and Strategies for Complex Problem Solving, 4th Edition George F. Luger © 2002 Addison Wesley
Slide 6.15
Figure 6.13: Spatial frame for viewing a cube (Minsky 1975).
A R T I F I C I A L I N T E L L I G E N C E: Structure and Strategies for Complex Problem Solving, 4th Edition George F. Luger © 2002 Addison Wesley
Slide 6.16
Figure 6.14: Conceptual relations of different arities.