know your organisational knowledge management orientation
DESCRIPTION
Identify your knowledge management orientation!TRANSCRIPT
A Presentation On
Knowledge Management & Organizational Orientation
Himanshu Dutt
Ph. D Scholar
Centre for Management Studies,
Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi
4 Pillars of Knowledge
Experience,Interpretation &
Context
Data & Information (in action)
Learning
Intellectualness= Competence
+
Commitment
KNOWLEDGE
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2 Basic Knowledge Forms
EXPLICIT/ embodied in language,
tools, & rules
(integrated knowledge)
TACIT/ embedded in routine
(interactive knowledge)
Object
Process
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Integrating into Definition:
Defining Knowledge Management
KM is an assimilated mix of Intellectualness developed through Experience, Learning & its Interpretation in/to some Context that uses Data & Information to derive customer/business Value to yield Competitive Advantage.
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A Simple Organization KM System
Data
Information
Knowledge Creation
Application
Dissemination
Monitoring Value
Document
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Individual-based
group-
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A General KM Framework
motivating potential receivers to accept & usethe incoming knowledge
knowledge inflow 7.
building effective & efficient channels fortransfer of knowledge
knowledge transmission6.
motivating potential senders of knowledge toshare it
knowledge outflow5.
uncovering opportunities for sharing knowledge identification4.
ObjectiveProcess
Knowledge MobilizationStage – II
minimizing the loss of proprietary knowledge knowledge retention 3.
internalizing external knowledgeknowledge acquisition 2.
learning by doingknowledge creation1.
ObjectiveProcess
Knowledge AccumulationStage – I
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Varied Constituents of Knowledge
– Scientific, Technical & Social
– Experience, Context, Interpretation & Reflection
– Commitment & Competence
– Culture, Structure, Process, Leadership & Technology
– Best Practice & Failed Practice
– Individual & Group
– Skill, Creativity, & Learning
– Factual, Conceptual, Procedural & Meta-Cognitive
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Organizational Knowledge Orientation
Meta-cognitive(strategies for learning, thinking and problem-solving)
Procedural
(skills, algorithms, techniques, methods specific to product/ process)
Conceptual (theories, models, principles and generalizations)
Factual (terminology, specific details and elements)
Dissemination (%)Application (%)Creation (%)Contribution of
Percent Contribution of Each in Knowledge Management
The example describes the use of Factual,
Conceptual, Procedural & Meta-cognitive knowledge constituents by an organization
that describes its orientation to these
knowledge constituents.
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Creating A Knowledge Orientation -
Ask Yourself?
• What does the term organizational knowledge means to you (intellectual capital, core competence, organizational learning)?
• What is estimated strategic value of knowledge to you?
• What are most critical factors of knowledge composition (experience, intuition, context, interpretation, reflection)?
• How do organizations manage themselves to make knowledge (process, place, purpose, mission)?
• At what levels in organizations knowledge is mostly found embedded?
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Various Contexts to Knowledge
Intangible source of economic growth and corporate value; input for product development;organizational outcome, strategic action to problem or opportunities, innovation etc.
Various other authors (2003-2008)
Knowledge is justified belief, validated by experience, shaped to benefit organization. Bij, Song and Weggeman (2003)
Knowledge life cycle : creation, mobilization, diffusion and commoditization.
Knowledge exists in 3 locations: codified information sets, inside individuals and in teams.Peter Murray (2002)
Birkinshaw and Sheehan (2002)
4 knowledge dimensions: factual, conceptual, procedural & meta-cognitive
Cognitive and Community based knowledge models for innovation.Sorensen & Snis (2001)Salisbury & Plass (2001)
Product of experience and human reflection; located in an individual; embedded in
a routine or process; embodied in language, concepts, rules and tools.3 types – human (individual know-how), social (relationships between individuals or
within groups) & structured (organization systems, processes)
Intellectual capital = f{stock of knowledge accumulated by individuals and units} x {extent to which this knowledge is mobilized}
Knowledge constructing, imbibing, interchanging & using is a social process.McAdam & Reid (2000)
Gupta & Govindrajan (2000)
Long & Fahey (2000)
Meaningfully organized accumulated information; Knowledge is an object (stored) and process; Interactive (tacit) & integrated (explicit) knowledge
Knowledge is information that could be acted upon.Lim, Ahmed & Zairi (1999)Zack (1999)
Embedded & embodied knowledge types
Knowledge means customer or commercial value created.Ulrich (1998)
Madhvan & Grover (1998)
Experience, context, interpretation are components of knowledge.Davenport, Long & Beers (1998)
Tacit & explicit theory of knowledge transfersNonaka & Takeuchi (1995)
Knowledge as source of distinctive capabilities and competitive advantageHamel & Prahalad (1994)
Intellectual capital = commitment x competence = knowledge Quinn (1992)
Ranked knowledge as scientific, technical & social Henry & Walker (1991)
Effective use of knowledge depends upon organizational learning.Senge (1990)
Context of KnowledgeAuthors
