knee problems by billy wilson. chondromalacia chondromalacia is due to an irritation to the...
TRANSCRIPT
Knee Problems
By Billy Wilson
Chondromalacia
Chondromalacia is due to an irritation to the undersurface of the kneecap.
The undersurface is covered with a smooth layer of cartilage that normally glides across the knee effortlessly during bending of the joint. Chondromalacia occurs when the kneecap rubs against one side of the knee joint and causes an irritation in the cartilage.
Abnormal patellar tracking pulls the kneecap toward one side of the femur instead of pulling it in a straight line.
Chondromalacia
Chondromalacia
It is the most common cause or chronic knee pain
It is also sometimes called “housemaid’s knee”, “secretary’s knee”, or “runner’s knee”
Women are more commonly affected
Symptoms and Treatment
Symptoms Discomfort of the inner knee area
Aggravated by activity Aggravated by prolonged sitting
Tightness in knee area Loss of quadriceps muscle strength Mild swelling
Treatment NSAIDs and Ice for pain management Avoid motions that irritate the knee Rehabilitation focuses on the stretching and strengthening of the
quadriceps and hamstring muscle groups Possible surgery
Iliotibial Band Friction Syndrome
The iliotibial band is the superficial thickening of tissue on the outside of the thigh, extending from the outside of the pelvis, over the hip and knee, and inserting just below the knee
It is crucial to stabilizing the knee during running, moving from behind the femur to the front during the gait cycle
Continual rubbing of the band over the lateral femoral epicondyle may cause the area to become inflamed or the band itself may suffer irritation
Can also occur where IT band connects at hip, but this is less likely as a sports injury
Iliotibial Band Friction Syndrome
Ober’s Test
Patient laying on side with unaffected side down with unaffected knee and hip at 90 degrees
Examiner stabilizes the pelvis, then abducts and extends the affected leg until in line with rest of body
Affected leg then lowed into adduction
If band is tight leg will remain in abduction and pain will be experienced in lateral portion of knee
Symptoms and Treatment
Symptoms Pain to outside of knee or hip Local tenderness and inflammation Dull pain during run or sharp pain while running downhill
Treatment RICE NSAIDs Stretching the IT Band Ultrasound Deep-tissue massage Local steroid injection
Meniscus Tear
Results when the knee is weight bearing and experiences a rotational force while extending or flexing
Also caused by degenerative processes seen in older patients
Menisci are made of tough cartilage There are two menisci in our knee; each rests
between the femur and the tibia Medial meniscus is more likely to be injured than
the lateral meniscus
Meniscus Tear
Symptoms and Treatment
Symptoms Effusion developing over 48-72 hours Joint line pain Loss of motion Intermittent locking and giving away Pain with squatting If chronic: recurrent swelling, obvious muscle atrophy around knee, knee
collapsing, popping sensation Treatment
RICE Many people do nothing for their meniscus tear because they see no symptoms
and it doesn’t interfere with activity Surgery
Meniscus repair Meniscectomy
Meniscus Injuries
Other types of meniscus injuries: Longitudinal tear- a tear that occurs along the length
of the meniscus Bucket-handle tears- an exaggerated form of a
longitudinal tear where a portion of the meniscus becomes detached from the tibia forming a flap that looks like a bucket handle
Degeneration- frayed edge on the meniscus Radial tear- tear across the radius of the meniscus