kld tech data

7/30/2019 KLD Tech Data

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Why Go Keyless?

Traditional Connection Methods for Rotating Power Transmission ComponentsTraditionally, drive elements like gears, sprockets, lever arms, etc. were afxed to rotating shats using a keyway

and key, perhaps with a setscrew to fx axial positioning during operation. These connections, while relativelysimple and reliable when transmitting smooth, consistent power, prove inadequate when vibratory, shock orreversing loads are present. Keyed connections subjected to such extreme operating environments will poundout over time, as each time the load reverses or cycles o and on the drive element spins on the shat through theclearance between key and keyway, then stops abruptly upon contacting the key. This phenomenon is typicallyreerred to as backlash. Further, the rubbing between shat and component bore suraces during this slippageleads to retting corrosion, which over time can cause cold welding o components and could ultimately lead toweakened shats and/or shat ailures. Splined connections, albeit to a lesser degree, suer rom the samelimitations as keyed connections, with their extremely high abrication costs an additional drawback.

Interference FitsA rictional connection between shat and component solves the problems associated with backlash, andadditionally eliminates the machining operations required or keyways. Further, shats, along with any otherrequired drive elements, can be made smaller once the keyway notch actor is removed. These rictionalconnections, in the orm o heat shrink or press fts, provide an even pressure distribution and are entirelybacklash-ree. As a result, an intererence ft will never pound out or ret, provided the intererence preload issufciently greater than the applied load. The limitations o this approach, however, quickly become apparentduring assembly and removal, where application o heat and/or very high orces is required.

CLIMAX Keyless Locking Devices provide the ultimate solution by delivering all of the advantages ofinterference ts with none of the installation and removal limitations. Our Locking Assemblies, Shrink Discsand Keyless Rigid Couplings offer a zero-backlash component mounting or coupling solution using multiple

high strength screws and opposing tapers to develop a mechanically generated interference t. Installationand removal is accomplished with simple hand tools, greatly simplifying component positioning and eld

maintenance.

CLIMAX Keyless Locking Devices offer advantages over all other component mounting technologies:

CLIMAXKeyless

Locking

Devices

Key and

KeywaySpline

QD orTaper Lock

Bushing

Shrink or

Press Fit

Provide a zero-backlash

connection - - - Eliminate keyway notch factor/

allow smaller shafts - - - Easily installed and removedwith hand tools -Permit innite axial andangular timing - - - -

Transmit torque, bending and

axial thrust - - -


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Torque

Many CLIMAX Keyless Locking Devices will be used in applications subjected to torque only. In theseapplications the Peak Torque = T must be calculated and compared to the Rated Torque Capacity Mt o theCLIMAX KLD being considered.

Mt (rom speciication tables) >T

IPeak Torque T cannot be determined with accuracy, it is recommended that Nominal Torque = Tnom beused instead, along with an appropriate Service Factor to account or start-up or stall conditions, massaccelerations, impact loads, etc.

Nominal Torque Tnom can be calculated as ollows:

Mt (rom speciication tables) >Tnom x Service Factor

Note that in all cases our published Rated Torque Capacity Mt is calculated without using a saety actor.Accordingly, it should be assumed that a CLIMAX Keyless Locking Device connection will slip i a torquehigher than Mt is applied.

All published capacities and contact pressures assume that locking screws are tightened to the publishedLocking Screw Tightening Torque Ma according to CLIMAX Installation and Removal Instructions. Irequired, torque capacities and contact pressures or installed units can be manipulated within certain limitsby adjusting Locking Screw Tightening Torque Ma rom its published value, as ollows:

Series C200: ........................................................ up to 20% higher or up to 40% lowerSeries C133/C193:..............................................up to 40% lowerSeries C123: ........................................................ up to 10% lowerSeries C170: ........................................................ up to 20% lowerSeries C405/C415:..............................................up to 40% lower

Within these limits, Rated Torque CapacityMt, Rated Thrust CapacityFax and Contact Pressures PsandPh are a linear unction oLocking Screw Tightening Torque Ma.

For applications requiring 2 or more CLIMAX Keyless Locking Devices installed in series, please consultwith CLIMAX or proper selection.

Tnom (ft-lb) =5252 x HP

RPM

Selection

CLIMAX Keyless Locking Devices are designed to transmit torque, bending, thrust and radial loads, both staticand dynamic, individually and in various combinations. The ollowing inormation is provided to assist in properselection:

Engineering / Technical Information


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Thrust

The radial orce applied to the shat and mounted component by a CLIMAX KLD will resist a signiicantamount o axial thrust. The Rated Thrust CapacityFax o any CLIMAX KLD is determined using theollowing equation:

Fax (lbs.F) =

Mt = Rated Torque Capacity (rom speciication tables)d = shat diameter (in)

Bending Moments

Reversing bending moments are a requently overlooked sizing actor in mechanical power transmission

applications. Bending loads are present whenever a radial load rom the weight o components, belt orchain tension, etc. acts outside the centerline o the shat/hub connection. Reversing bending momentsoccur when such loads cycle between tension and compression as a mounted component rotates through360 degrees, as is the case on rolls or conveyor pulleys. Most traditional component mounting technologies keys and keyways, QD-style or Taper-Lock bushing systems, etc. are not designed to transmit reversingbending loads and these conditions will typically lead to ailure, whether o the connection itsel, the mountedcomponent or the shat.

CLIMAX Keyless Locking Devices are speciically designed to transmit reversing bending moments withinthe ollowing limits:

CLIMAX Series

Rated Bending

Moment Capacity Mb

C200 22% oMt

C733, C732 and C600 25% oMt

C123, C133, C192 and C193 28% oMt

C415 32% oMt

C405 35% oMt

Combined Loads

It is not uncommon or CLIMAX Keyless Locking Devices to be subjected to some combination o torque,

axial thrust and reversing bending. Our products are well suited or these environments, but properselection requires calculating a resultant torque using the various applied loads, as ollows:

T = Peak Torque (t-lbs)F = Peak Thrust (lbs.F)B = Peak Bending Moment (t-lbs)d = shat diameter (t)

Mt (rom speciication tables) >Tresand Mb (see above) > B

Tres = T2 + (F x )2 + (2 x B)2

d_2

Engineering / Technical Information (Continued)

24 x Mtd


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Radial Loads

Radial loads, typically associated with pin or axle connections, occur when an applied load Frad actsperpendicular to the centerline o the shat. Selection o a suitable CLIMAX Keyless Locking Device isbased on determining the equivalent contact pressure on the shat Prad, as ollows:

Frad = applied radial load (lbs.F)d = shat diameter (in)L = KLD contact length (in) (rom speciication tables)

Then an acceptable radial load application is one in which Ps > Prad, AND Ps + Prad< YP, where:

Ps = shat contact pressure (rom speciication tables)YP = tensile yield point o shat material (psi)

Prad=Fradd x L


Material

CLIMAX Keyless Locking Devices are manuactured rom high carbon and alloy steel.

Surface Finish and Lubricity

CLIMAX Keyless Locking Devices carry rated capacities that rely upon both lubricity and surace inish.Components to be mounted using a CLIMAX KLD should be machined to achieve a surace inish o between63 and 125 IN RMS. A surace inish outside this range could result in a reduction o the load carrying

capacity o the connection. Lubricity is likewise critically important to the successul application o our products,as it directly aects the Coeicient o Friction (COF) between mated components. Our internal Locking

Assemblies are supplied and installed with ordinary machine oil on all locking screws and mated suraces toachieve a COF equal to .12. Our external Shrink Discs and Keyless Rigid Couplings require a solvent cleanedand dry shat interace to achieve a COF equal to .15.

Temperature

CLIMAX Keyless Locking Devices are designed to operate through a temperature range o 0 to 400 F. Notethat mated components o dissimilar materials may react to temperature increases at dierent rates. Pleaseconsult with CLIMAX regarding such applications.

Mounting Over Existing Keyways

CLIMAX Keyless Locking Devices can be installed over existing empty keyways. Both CLIMAX LockingAssemblies and Shrink Discs should be rotated to position inner ring radial slits approximately opposite thekeyway and a locking screw directly over the keyway. CLIMAX Keyless Locking Devices are not de-rated wheninstalled over existing empty keyways.


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Non-Standard Shaft Diameters

In situations where the measured shat diameter does not match any standard CLIMAX Locking Assembly, perhapsas a result o damage or excessive wear, a simple adaptor sleeve can be abricated to eectively shim theexisting shat to a standard nominal diameter. These adaptor sleeves can be slit lengthwise or let solid, with slitsleeves allowing more relaxed machining tolerances. Wall thickness should not exceed 12.5% o measured shatdiameter. Recommended machining tolerances are as ollows:

+0 / -.002" on the sleeve OD;-0 / +.001" .002" on the bore o a solid sleeve;-0 / +.002" .004" on the bore o a slit sleeve.

For slit adaptor sleeves rated torque capacities or these connections is taken directly rom the CLIMAX LockingAssembly selected, provided the adaptor sleeve/shat interace is clean and dry (or a coeicient o riction equal

to .15) and the adaptor wall thickness is within prescribed limits.

Plating

CLIMAX Locking Assemblies and Keyless Rigid Couplings are stocked unplated, while Shrink Discs are suppliedwith zinc-plated outer rings. Upon request, all CLIMAX Keyless Locking Devices can be quoted with either o twoater-market plating options: industry-standard electroless Nickel or Armoloy Thin Dense Chrome (TDC). Bothplating solutions oer excellent corrosion resistance with no reduction o rated torque capacity.

Calculations to Ensure Adequate Hub Dimensions

As CLIMAX Keyless Locking Devices exert high compression and expansion orces, the ollowing ormulas arepresented to assist with calculations required to ensure that components mounted with our products are oadequate strength.


Hub Strength

Applications Using CLIMAX Locking Assemblies

To ensure adequate wall thickness o the mounted component, use the ollowing equation:

D = the published OD (in inches) o the Locking Assembly selected (rom speciication tables)Ph = hub contact pressure (in psi) o the Locking Assembly selected (rom speciication tables)

YP = the tensile yield point (in psi) o the mounted componentC = a Pressure Reduction Factor selected based on the relationship between the length-thru-bore (LTB) othe mounted component and the contact length (L) o the Locking Assembly selected, as shown below:

Dn = DYP (Ph x C)

YP + (Ph x C)

For C123, C133, C192, C193, C200 and C170When LTB < 1.5 x L,When 1.5 x L LTB < 2 x L, C = .8When LTB 2 x L,

For C405 and C415When LTB < 1.25 x L,When 1.25 x L LTB < 1.5 x L, C = .8When LTB 1.5 x L,

C = 1.0

C = .6 C = .6

C = 1.0


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Applications Using CLIMAX Shrink Discs

The component hub wall thickness or Shrink Disc applications is nominally the dierence between theShrink Disc ID and the shat diameter. As we do not wish or the use o our products to weaken thedrive system, our speciications limit the size o the shat diameter recommended or use with eachShrink Disc to a size which results in a component hub that is at least as strong, both in bending and intorsion, as the underlying shat.

In general, component hub material with a minimum tensile yield point o 45ksi is recommended. Castiron component hubs are acceptable, but we recommend selecting the next larger size Shrink Disc orthese applications.

To eliminate possible retting corrosion and associated complications, when machining a hub or useunder a Shrink Disc, it is recommended that the it length be limited to the Shrink Disc inner ring length

(L rom the speciication tables), with the remaining LTB relieved using a non-toleranced clearance. Seethe illustration atop Page 28.


Our C600 Series Keyless Rigid Coupling is designed to simultaneously transmit the combined torque andreversing bending common to shat-mounted drive applications. Proper coupling selection is achieved throughthe ollowing procedure:

Identiy nominal diameters o shats to be joined (note that unequal shat diameters up to a size ratio oapproximately 2:1 can be accommodated). The C600 Type is selected based on the larger shat diameter.

Reer to Figure 1 below and establish all required dimensions, including:A= Distance (t) rom Torque Arm fxture point to C600 centerB = Distance (t) rom CG o prime mover to C600 centerL = Torque arm length (t)

T = Maximum torque (t-lbs) to be transmitted, includingany desired Service Factor

W = weight (lbs.F) o the prime mover

Then

FTR (lbs.F) = T L

MB (ft-lbs) = (W x B) + (FTR x A)

TRES (ft-lbs) = [(T)2 + (2 x MB)2]

The Series C600 selection is approved provided BOTH:Mt (rom specifcation tables) >TRES AND MB < 0.25 x Mt

For applications where the above analysis yields marginalresults, please contact us or possible design alternatives thatmay qualiy the application.

C600 Keyless Rigid Coupling Engineering Information

Fig. 1

L

B

A


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Shaft and Hub Tolerances Hub Diameter (inch)

over 0.24 1 1.97 2.56 4.72 9.25 12.01 14.76including 1 1.97 2.56 4.72 9.25 12.01 14.76 25*

Hub Diameter (mm)

over 6 25.4 50 65 120 235 305 375including 25.4 50 65 120 235 305 375 635

C193 [-0.0]inch +0.001 +0.001 +0.001mm +0.025 +0.025 +0.025

C123/C133 [-0.0]inch +0.002 +0.002 +0.002 +0.002 +0.003 +0.003 +0.004 +0.004mm +0.05 +0.05 +0.05 +0.05 +0.08 +0.08 +0.10 +0.10

C170 [-0.0]inch +0.002 +0.002 +0.002 +0.003 +0.003mm +0.05 +0.05 +0.05 +0.08 +0.08

C405/C415 [-0.0]inch +0.002 +0.002 +0.002 +0.002 +0.003 +0.003 +0.004 +0.004mm +0.05 +0.05 +0.05 +0.05 +0.08 +0.08 +0.10 +0.10

C200 [-0.0]inch +0.002 +0.002 +0.003 +0.003 +0.004 +0.005 +0.005 +0.006mm +0.05 +0.05 +0.08 +0.08 +0.10 +0.13 +0.13 +0.15

Shaft Diameter (inch)

over 0.24 1 1.97 2.56 4.72 9.25 12.01 14.76including 1 1.97 2.56 4.72 9.25 12.01 14.76 25*

Shaft Diameter (mm)

over 6 25.4 50 65 120 235 305 375including 25.4 50 65 120 235 305 375 635

C193 [+0.0]inch -0.001 -0.001 -0.001mm -0.025 -0.025 -0.025

C600 [+0.0]inch -0.003 -0.006 -0.006 -0.006 -0.006mm -0.08 -0.15 -0.15 -0.15 -0.15

C405/C415 [+0.0]inch -0.002 -0.002 -0.002 -0.002 -0.003 -0.003 -0.004 -0.004mm -0.05 -0.05 -0.05 -0.05 -0.08 -0.08 -0.10 -0.10

C200 [+0.0]inch -0.002 -0.002 -0.003 -0.003 -0.004 -0.005 -0.005 -0.006mm -0.05 -0.05 -0.08 -0.08 -0.10 -0.13 -0.13 -0.15

C170 [+0.0]inch -0.002 -0.002 -0.002 -0.003 -0.003mm -0.05 -0.05 -0.05 -0.08 -0.08

C123/C133 [+0.0]inch -0.002 -0.002 -0.002 -0.002 -0.003 -0.003 -0.004 -0.004mm -0.05 -0.05 -0.05 -0.05 -0.08 -0.08 -0.10 -0.10

*Consult CLIMAX or diameters in excess o those shown


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