kjell lundén nordic branch office sanyo co 2 technologies at ahlsell seminar in norway sanyo...

Kjell LundénNordic Branch Office

SANYO CO2 Technologiesat

Ahlsell Seminar in Norway

SANYO Airconditioners Europe.

21 April, 2008

1. Introduction of CO2 Products

2. Why CO2 as refrigerant for Heat Pump ?

3. Technology of Sanyo CO2 ECO 3-1. Compressor Design

3-2. Introduction of CO2 ECO

4. Summary

CONTENTS

CONTENTS





4. Summary

HEAT PUMPHEAT PUMP

HEAT PUMPHEAT PUMP

House-hold Refrig.,using small amount of HC

HC （ R600a）

Heat Pump Water Heater4.5-6kW

CO2 （ R744 ）

Hydro Space Heater4.5-9kW

Ammonia HP chillerFor A/C

Ammonia （ NH3 ）ＣＯ２ /AmmoniaCascade system

High side NH3 and Low side CO2

Commercial HP Water Heater

25-600kW

Vending MachinesBottle Coolers

CO2 （ R744）

CO2 （ R744 ） CO2 （ R744）

Natural Ref. used Products all around the world

CO2 (R744) is the promising refrigerant as post HFC.

ResidentialResidential CommercialCommercial

It is not the Future Technology at all !

25 39 8070 93148

209259

292330

368

28

65

123

169

220

267

336

80

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

03年 04年 05年 06年 07年 08年 09年 10年

460Ｌ以上370Ｌ300Ｌ以下小型機

（ Thousands ）

130

225

350

450

550

650

800

81

460L ~

370L

~ 300LSmall self contained type

COCO22 Heat Pump Water Heater Market in Japan

03 04 05 06 07 (08) (09) (10)

In Japan, most of HPWH uses COCO22 instead of HFC, simply because COCO22 is more suitable than HFC for heating application

.. … WHY ??

■the number of units sold in Thousands (Sanyo estimate)





4. Summary

CONTENTS

■ Characteristics of natural refrigerants

ODP GWP Flammability Toxicity Natural

Substance

Natural

Refrigerant

CO2 0 1 －－ Yes

HC 0 3 ++ － Yes

NH3 0 ≒0 + + Yes

HFC

R134a 0 1300 －－ No

R410A 0 1900 －－ No

R407C 0 1600 －－ No

HCFC R22 0.055 1700 －－ No

Montreal Protocol. Kyoto Protocol → 　 Natural refrigerant with Energy savings

CO2 is Environmentally Friendly: No ODP, negligible GWP CO2 is Safe: Nonflammable, Nontoxic, no recovery required,

Reason #1. CO2 is Natural

CO2 (R744) do not condense at high side of Heat Pump cycle because the critical point is lower than working pressure. (Transcritical Cycle)

High Volumetric Capacity, Small Pressure Drop.

Reason #2. CO2 is Good for Heat Pump

Enthalpy (kJ/kg)

CO2 (R744) has high pressure and high density even at low ambient such as -20 . ℃ High Heat Pump Performance even at Nordic Area.

Point 1Point 1

Point 2Point 2

Critical Point（ 31℃）

CO2

HFCs

Critical Point　 R410A 72℃　 R407C 86℃　 R134a 101℃ R404A 72℃

Temperature curve

Pre

ssu

re ［

MP

a］

●

●

Temp.

Temp.

HFC CO2

condensation

of refrigerant

Ref. OUT

Ref. IN

Water

Water

65℃

90℃

　 In addition to the non-condensation property, CO2 has high heat transference ratio.　　→　 better Heat Pump efficiency, and Hot Water （ 90℃ ） can be obtained. 　

The larger the temp.difference, the betterthe efficiency.

Inlet temp also affect the system efficiency a lot.

Because it is Transcritical cycle, efficiently heat up the water.

Reason #2. CO2 is Good for Heat Pump

Point 3Point 3

Point 4Point 4

Water OUT

Water IN

Ref. OUT

Ref. IN

Water OUT

Water IN

Green Green RefrigerantRefrigerant

COCO22

High pressure （ 12MPa or more ） & Large pressure difference

1. Environmentally friendly (ODP=0, GWP=1)2. Nonflammable, Nontoxic3. No recovery or recycling required4. Worldwide availability5. High volumetric capacity and Heat transfer6. Heat pump ability at low temperature ambient

Advanced technologies were required, especially for Compressor and Refrigeration system..

Advantages: 　

Challenge: 　

Best Refrigerant for Heat Pump!Especially in the Cold Climate (-20 )℃

Summary: Characteristics of CO2 as refrigerant

Technology Break-through by SanyoTechnology Break-through by Sanyo





4. Summary

CONTENTS

・ SANYO’s Unique Technologies 　 Excellent Processing & Assembly Technology Optimized Pump Dimension System Advantages belong to only 2-Stage Compressor

High Performance 　High Reliability

Low-VibrationLow-Noise

Compact Design

・ Internal Intermediate Pressure Structure　　　　 against high working pressure

・ 2-Stage Compression Mechanism in One Compressor against large pressure difference

Since Y2001, The World’s First Rotary 2-Stage CO2 Compressor

Feature of Sanyo CO2 Compressor

・ Very efficient DC Brushless Inverter Motor 　　　　 comply with varied Heating Load

1st Stage

2nd Stage

Motor ShellLowPressure

HighPressure

Internal Intermediate Pressure

Working for Heating Applications.



HighPressure

Internal IntermediatePressure

Working for Heating Applications.


100 200 300 400 500 6000

2

4

6

8

10

12

1440 50 60 70℃

100 200 300 400 500 6000

2

4

6

8

10

12

1440 50 60 70℃

過熱能力高い高温出湯可能

圧力（ＭＰａ）

ｴﾝﾀﾙﾋﾟー

２段圧縮：低温時の過熱能力高い（高圧縮比運転可能）

100 200 300 400 500 6000

2

4

6

8

10

12

1440 50 60 70℃

100 200 300 400 500 6000

2

4

6

8

10

12

1440 50 60 70℃

過熱能力高い高温出湯可能

圧力（ＭＰａ）

ｴﾝﾀﾙﾋﾟー

２段圧縮：低温時の過熱能力高い（高圧縮比運転可能）

Heat the Water without condensation

2-stage Compression realizes the high isentropic efficiency and high reliability

Enthalpy (kJ/kg)

Pressure (MPa)





4. Summary

CONTENTS

CO2 ECO System Features

First St.

Second St.

Inter . Heat

Excha nger

Evaporator

Gas Cooler

Expansion Device(No.1) (Main)

Compressor Accumlator

Hot Water

Cold Water

Expansion Device(No.2)

(Bypass )

Ｐ

Heater (radiator)

Heater 9kW

Heater

6kW

Water Pump

Mixing Valve

For Shower

W-WHX

For HP

Only Available for Sanyo Original 2-stage CO2 Cycle !

First St.

Second St.

Inter. Heat

Exchanger

Evaporator

Gas Cooler

Expansion Device(No.1) (Main)

Compressor Accumulator

Hot Water

Cold Water


(Bypass )

This Technology was applied to new 9kW CO2 ECO!

Sanyo Original CO2 Technology

State of the Art Technology !

New Refrigerant Circuit “Split Cycle”

Only Available for Sanyo Original 2-stage CO2 Cycle !

First St.

Second St.

Inter. HeatExchanger

Evaporator

Gas Cooler Expansion Device(No.1)(Main)


Hot Water Cold Water


(Bypass )

First St.

Second St.


Evaporator





(Bypass )

First St.

Second St.


Evaporator





(Bypass )

CO2 Compressor

Water Supply

Mixing Tap

Expansion Valve

Evaporator

Gas cooler

Radiatorfor Space Heating

Tank

Heat Pump Unit Tank Unit

Pump

PumpCO2 Compressor

Water Supply

Mixing Tap

Expansion Valve

Evaporator

Gas cooler

Radiatorfor Space Heating

Tank

Heat Pump Unit Tank Unit

Pump

Pump

(Data) New Refrigerant Circuit “Split Cycle”

First St.

Second St.


Evaporator





(Bypass )

First St.

Second St.


Evaporator





(Bypass )

First St.

Second St.


Evaporator





(Bypass )

Conventional Cycle OutdoorTemp. 20℃ 3.0kW 40→55℃（－、、）

02468

101214

400 500 600 700 800 900Enthalpy(kJ / kg)

Pre

ssur

e (M

pa)

Main Cir.

Split Cycle Outdoor Temp. 20℃ 3.0kW 40→ 55℃（－、、）

02468

101214

400 500 600 700 800 900Enthalpy(kJ / kg)

Pre

ssur

e (M

pa)

Main Cir.Bypass Cir.

Split Cycle Outdoor Temp. 20℃ 4.0kW 40→ 55℃（－、、）

02468

101214

400 500 600 700 800 900Enthalpy(kJ / kg)

Pre

ssur

e (M

pa)

Main Cir.

Bypass Cir.

- Heat Pump Unit COP is increased- Heat Pump Unit COP is increased byby 17% at -20 ,℃ by 16% at 　 -10℃.. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　- Heating Capacity is increased - Heating Capacity is increased byby 50%50% at -20℃at -20℃.. （（ Return Temp. ;40 ,Output Temp.℃Return Temp. ;40 ,Output Temp.℃ ；； 55℃55℃

））

- Heating System Ave. - Heating System Ave. COP is increased byCOP is increased by 8%8%. .

※Data source: Sanyo test data

Addition of split cycle

Adjustment of COMP Hz

Outlet Water

Air

Heat Pump Unit

Tank UnitInlet Water

Gas – Water Heat 　 Exchanger

Compressor

Accumulator

Expansion Valve

Air

Air – GasHeat Exchanger

Sanyo Original Freeze Prevention Coil

Actual Effect of Evaporator

High PressureHigh Pressure Hot GasHot Gas

Low PressureLow Pressure

GasGas

Air Flow

*Cross-section Diagram at the bottom of the Evaporator

Special Refrigerant flow was adopted to prevent heat exchanger coil from

freezing without stopping the operation. (No Heater, No reverse cycle required)

Strength of CO2 ECO for Northern Europe

Model Co. A Co. B Co. CSANYOSANYOSHP-SHP-

C90GDNC90GDN

Outlook

DimensionH1045W1200D 500

H1040W1280D 407

H 952W1086D 600

H1230W 930D 340

Weight 132kg 135kg 150kg 105kg

Refrigerant R404A2.0kg

R407C2.2kg

R407C2.6kg

CO21.6kg

Amb. Temp.

-20 ℃

Heating Capacity[k

W]

STOP at-20℃

STOP at-11℃

5.0 8.0

COP ― ― 1.6 1.8

Amb. Temp.

7 ℃

Heating Capacity

[kW]10.4 9.0 9.0 9.0

COP 3.2 3.2 3.0 3.21

2

3

4

- 30 - 20 - 10 0 10 [℃]外気温度

CO

P [-

]

NIBE_Fighter 2020CTC_EcoAirKCC_Arctec 10

_SHP- C90GDN三洋

_ HPﾍﾝ゙ﾁﾏｰｸ欧州ﾒｰｶ製の加熱能力の比較

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

- 30 - 20 - 10 0 10

[

W]

加熱

能力

ｋ

NIBE_Fighter 2020CTC_EcoAirKCC_Arctec 10

_SHP- C90GDN三洋

三洋

NIBE

CTCKCC

Heat Pump Capacity ComparisonHeat Pump Capacity Comparison

Ambient Temp ( )℃

He

at

Pu

mp

Ca

pa

city

(kW

) Sanyo 9kW

Ambient Temp ( )℃

CO

P (

W/W

)

COP ComparisonCOP Comparison

Strength of CO2 ECO for Northern Europe

Co. A

Co. CCo. B

Co. ACo. BCo. CSANYO 9kW

Co. ACo. BCo. CSANYO 9kW

Actual Test Results by Sanyo Labo.Actual Test Results by Sanyo Labo.

Correlations between Outdoor Temp. and HP Performance

10kW

5kW 4.5kW CO2

NEW 3phase-400V 9kW

Demanded Heat Level for a house

-20℃ 10℃0℃-10℃-25℃ 10℃

Conventional 9

.0kW HFC

Conventional 6.0kW HFC

NEW 1phase-230V 9kW

1. CO2 HP is widely used in Japan and best matches the use in cold climate. (works even at -25 ) ℃

Big Energy Saving compared to HFCs.

2. Easy Installation. (No Drilling, No connection kit)

3. Sanyo 2-stage compression enabled the very reliable CO2 cycle and cutting edge technology, “Split Cycle”.

4. CO2 ECOCO2 ECO is the best and only product for Nordic!

SUMMARY

How CO2 can be applied to Cooling ?

Internal Intermediate Pressure Structure Internal Intermediate Pressure Structure

Internal intermediate pressure structure Internal intermediate pressure structure gives high reliability and light weight design.gives high reliability and light weight design.

High Pressure Structure

Intermediate Pressure Structure

Intermediate Pressure Structure

High Pressure Structure

Pre

ssu

re i

n C

ham

ber

[ M

Pa] ON OFF ON

100% 65%The fluctuation of Inner Pressure is below 25% compared with high Pressure Structure.

Thickness 　　　　　　： 65%Weight of the vessel ： 50%

△F h

△F i


Lower Vibration & Noise Lower Vibration & Noise

2-Stage Compression Mechanism by 2-Rolling Pistons2-Stage Compression Mechanism by 2-Rolling Pistonscan achieve high discharge pressure while suppressingcan achieve high discharge pressure while suppressingboth vibration and noise.both vibration and noise.

0 90 180 270 360

100

0

Crankshaft Angle [deg]

To

rqu

e F

luc

tuat

ion

-100

25

-25

Comparison of compression torque fluctuation

1-Stage Compression

2-Stage Compression


1st Stage


HighPressure

Intermediate Pressure 2nd Stage

Inter Cooler

Working for Cooling Applications.


AT ：32℃

RH ：65 ％

Animation　　 Only belongs to Sanyo’s 2 stage compressor! 　　


CO2 Compressor Conventional Rotary Compressor for AC

Parts and materials used for CO2 compressor are almost same as those for conventional HFC or HCFC rotary compressor for AC.

If the production quantity of CO2 compressors is closer to that of the conventional rotary compressors for AC, the incremental cost of CO2 compressor will ultimately become the difference of material usage.

Motor

Oil

Cylinder


Co. ASwing-Rotary

20kg

Co. BScroll 18kg

Co. CScroll15kg

Sanyo2-stage Rotary

9kg

▲146mm

Same Heating Capacity, Half size.

Smallest andLightest

Comparison of various CO2 Compressors for 4.5kW ～ 6.0kW


Let’s go with the natural choice!Let’s go with the natural choice!

32

ＳＡＮＹＯＮｅｗＶＩＳＩＯＮＳＡＮＹＯＮｅｗＶＩＳＩＯＮ

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kjell lundén nordic branch office sanyo co 2 technologies at ahlsell seminar in norway sanyo...

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