KINGDOM PROTISTA

Biology 106

By: Sameera Haq

Professor Taylor Anderson-McGill

How are protists different from other

kingdoms?

Most protists are found to be mainly unicellular and

sometimes as colonial/multicellular (unspecialized

cells)

They have characteristics that are almost animal,

plant, or fungi like but do not exactly fit into those

kingdoms

What are some general characteristics

of protists ?

Composed of eukaryotic cells

Membrane bound organelles

DNA found in the nucleus

Plant-like-autotrophs, non-motile

Animal-like-heterotrophs, motile

Fungi-like - decomposers, some motility

What are the three kind of cellular

movements found in animal-like protists ?

Flagella- which are long tail like structures that is moved back and fourth

Ex. Euglena

Pseudopod- (false foot) changes it shape by pushing the cytoplasm in one direction

Ex. Paramecium

Cilia- are small hair like structures that move back and forth creating movement

Ex. Amoeba

Animal-like Phyla

Phylum Zoomastigophora

Phylum Rhizopoda

Phylum Ciliophora

Phylum Sporozoa

Phylum Foraminifera

*All of these phyla are unicellular

Phylum Zoomastigophora

All use flagella for locomotion

Heterotrophic

Ex. TrichonymphaFlagellas

Phylum Rhizopoda

Forms psuedopods for movement

Heterotropic (cellular eating)

Ex. Amoeba

proteus Psuedopods

Phylum Ciliophora

Uses many cilia for locomotion as well as for

feeding

Heterotrophic

Ex. Paramecium

Cilia

Phylum Sporozoa

Parasite

No locomotion (nonmotile)

Heterotrophic

Ex. Plasmodium

(causes malaria)

Plasmodium

Red blood cells

Phylum Foraminifera

Uses podia (similar to pseudopods) for movement

Heterotrophic

Ex. Foram Shells

Plant-like Phyla

Phylum Chlorophytha

Phylum Phaeophyta

Phylum Rhodophyta

Phylum Bacillarophytha

Phylum Chlorophyta

Unicellular or Colonial

Autotrophic

Some organisms are motile

Also known as green algae

Ex. Chlamydomonas

Flagella present

therefore motile

Chloroplast

Phylum Phaeophyta

Multicellular

Autotrophic

Also known as brown algae/brown sea weeds

Ex. Macrocystis

Phylum Rhodophyta

Multicellular

Autotrophic

Also known as red algae

Ex. Chondrus crispus

Phylum Bacillarophytha

Unicellular or colonial

Both autotrophic and heterotrophic

Most of them have exoskeletons (shells)

Ex. Diatoms

Fungi-like Phyla

Phylum Myxomycota

Phylum Arasciomycota

Phylum Oomycota

Phylum Myxomycota

Unicellular and Multicellular

Heterotrophic

Use flagella for locomotion

Ex. Plasmodial slime molds

Phylum Arasciomycota

Unicellular and Multicellular

Heterotrophic

“Slug like” movement

Ex. Cellular slime molds

Phylum Oomycota

Unicellular and Multicellular

Heterotrophic

Uses flagella for locomotion

Ex. Phytopthora infestans

Practice Questions

Try practicing using a key

What is the domain?

Eukarya

What is the kingdom?

Protista

What is the phylum?

Ciliophora

What is the genus name?

Paramecium

What are the tiny hair like projection?

Cilia

Is it heterotrophic or autotrophic?

Heterotrophic

Where is and what is the function of

the contractile vacuole?

Its function is to regulate water and salt

balance

Is this eukaryotic or prokaryotic?

Eukaryotic

How does this organism produce

movement?

Flagella

Is this unicellular or multicellular?

Unicellular

What is the phylum?

Phylum Chlorophyta

What is that also known as?

Green Algae

What is the genus name?

Volvox

Are they unicellular or colonial?

Colonial

What is the common name?

Seaweed

What is the phylum?

Phylum Phaeophyta

How does this organism move?

Using pseudopods

How does this organism feed?

Through phagocytosis