KINGDOM PLANTAE

CLASSIFYING PLANTS

• The terrestrial members of the Plant Kingdom are generally divided into 2 groups

1. Non Vascular or Bryophytes- lack specialized tissues for conduction of

water

2. Vascular or Tracheopytes-have specialized tissues for transporting water and

nutrients

TRACHEOPHYTES

BRYOPHYTES

CLASSIFYING PLANTS

TWO SYSTEMS OF PLANT CLASSIFICATION

1.Natural System- Based on evolutionary relationships among

plants

2. Artificial System- based mainly on size,water requirement, abilityto manufacture food,

habitat and life span

Bases of Artificial System

1. Size

a. Microscopic

- Those that are not visible to the unaided eye

b. Macroscopic

-those that can be seen with the unaided eye

Bases of Artificial System

2. Water requirement

a. Xerophytes

-live in places with little amount of water

b. Mesophytes

-require a moderate amount

of water

c. Hydrophytes

-live in habitats with

abundant water

XEROPHYTES

MESOPHYTES

HYDROPHYTES

Bases of Artificial System

3. Ability to manufacture food

a. Autotrophic

-plants that manufacture their own food

b. Heterotrophic

-plants that depend on other organisms or dead organic matter for food

Heterotrophic Plant

Bases of Artificial System

4. Habitat

a. Aquatic

- plants live in water

b. Terrestrial

- plants live on land

c. Aerial

- plants live above the

ground

Bases of Artificial System

5. Life Spana. Annual

- live for one growing seasonex. Onions, garlic, patola

b. Biennials- complete their life cyclein 2 yearsex. Okra, parsley,

sunflowerc. Perennials

- live for many years

Bases of Artificial System

6. Habit – refers to body appearance

a. Trees- woody perennial plantswith a single stem or trunk

b. Shrubs – plants with severalmain stems arising at or near the ground

c. Herbs-come with soft stem

d. Vines- climbing plants

TREES

VINES

HERBS

SHRUBS

NONVASCULAR PLANTS

• They live in moist and damp places since they do not have xylem and phloem to move water from one part to another

• They are usually small in size due to this missing part

• Bryophytes do not have true roots, stem and leaves

NONVASCULAR PLANTS

• They are called thalloid plants

• These plants grow from spores

• Composed of mosses, liverworts and hornworts

• they are regarded as the “amphibians” of the plant world since they need a lot of water even if they are terrestrial in habitat

LIVERWORTS

NONVASCULAR PLANTS

1. LIVERWORTS- liver because of its liver shape

appearance and wort, which means plant or herb

-2 types of gametophyte1. Antheridium- male reproductive that producesthe sperm cell2. Archaegonium- femalereproductive that producesthe egg cell

HORNWORTS

NONVASCULAR PLANTS

2. HORNWORTS

-they seldom exceed 2 cm in height

- usually found in moist soil and shaded areas or may be attached to trees

MOSSES

NONVASCULAR PLANTS

3. MOSSES- are of 2 types; the gametophyte

and the sporophyte

- they differ from anyother plants becauseof the absence ofmesophyll tissues,

stomata and veins

WHISK FERN

VASCULAR PLANTS

1. WHISK FERNS

- small plants with fork like branches that look like a broom

- they are considered the

simplest of all living

vascular plants

CLUB MOSSES

VASCULAR PLANTS

2. CLUB MOSSES

- they just grow wildly and luxuriantly along the roadside specially during rainy season

- the spores are found on

their tips

HORSETAIL

VASCULAR PLANTS

3. HORSETAILS

- its stem are rough with silica crystals, Thus, it is ideal for scrubbing pots and dirty kettles

FERNS

VASCULAR PLANTS

4. FERNS

- the largest group of seedless vascular plants

- they may reach 3 to 5 meters in height

- they have vasculartissues and strongroots

GYMNOSPERMS

• Came from the Greek word ‘gymnos’ meaning naked and ‘sperma’ seed or naked seeds

• They are cone bearing plants

• They grow very well in

temperate region

GINKGO

GYMNOSPERMS

1. Ginkgos- Ginkgo biloba as its popular name

- Large tree with numerous spreading branches

- Leaves are fan shapethat gives off a pungent

odor

GNETUMS

GYMNOSPERMS

2. GNETUMS

- believe to be the ancestor of the flowering plants

- have cones that resembles a flower

- smaller than ginkgo. Not

common in the Philippines

CYCADS

GYMNOSPERMS

3. CYCADS-second largest group of gymnosperms

-leaves are compound and composed of several leaf-like parts

-they grow well in tropicalcountries

CONIFERS

GYMNOSPERMS

4. CONIFERS

- biggest group of gymnosperms found in most part of the world

- large, tall trees with highly

branched stems

- leaves are usually

long, scaly, and needle-like

ANGIOSPERMS

• Vascular plants that bear flowers and produced fruits with seeds that are usually found inside the fruit

• There are two kinds of flowering plants based on the number of cotyledons.

A.Monocotyledon

B.Dicotyledon