KINGDOM FUNGI

CHARACTERISTICS OF FUNGI multicellular organisms that are plant-

like in appearance. incapable of photosynthesis because

they lack chloroplasts. they absorb nutrients from other living

organisms or decaying organic matter. their bodies are described as thallus. MYCOLOGY is the study of fungi The cell wall of fungi is made up of

chitin

The fruiting body of a fungus.

The body of a fungus is called mycelium.

(a mass of threadlike hypae)The hyphae absorbs nutrients from the

surface.

REPRODUCTION OF FUNGI

ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION in the process called budding or spore formation.

BUDDING

ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION THROUGH SPORE FORMATION

Sporogenesis is the term used to refer to the process of reproduction via spores.

Reproduction via spores involves the spreading of the spores by water or air.

SEXUAL REPRODUCTION

THE DIFFERENT PHYLA OF FUNGI

They are mostly terrestrial in habitat, living in soil or on decaying plant or animal material.

Zygomycota are commonly thought of as bread molds, but there are many species of fungi within this classification.

The Zygomycota take their name from their method of sexual reproduction, involving the production of conjugating gametangia, leading to the production of zygospores. 

Zygomycota

RHIZOPUS STOLONIFERRhizopus stolonifer is more commonly known as black bread

mold. 

is a mold that lacks chlorophyll, is non-motile, filamentous, and a decomposer of organic material.

They are mostly saprophyte growing on various things like bread, jams, pickles, cheese, moist food stuffs, leather goods, soft fruits and vegetables.

ASCOMYCOTA

Ascomycota, also called sac fungi, a phylum of fungi (kingdom Fungi) characterized by a saclike structure, the ascus. It is within the ascus that nuclear fusion and meiosis take place.

Like other fungi, Ascomycota are heterotrophs and obtain nutrients from dead or living organisms.

Reproduction

Ascomycota can make spores sexually (ascospores)

Conidiospores are fungal spores that are produced asexually on the conidiophore.

REPRESENTATIVES OF PHYLUM ASCOMYCOTA

YEAST

a microscopic, UNICELLULAR organism.

Yeast is necessary to make leavened bread, beer, cheese, wine, and whiskey. 

Yeasts are found in the soil, in water, on the surface of plants, and on the skin of humans and other animals. Like other fungi, yeasts obtain food from the organic matter around them; they secrete enzymes that break down the organic matter into nutrients they can absorb.

REPRESENTATIVES OF PHYLUM ASCOMYCOTA

Mildew is defined as a thin, superficial, usually whitish growth consisting of minute fungal hyphae (filaments,) produced especially on living plants or organic matter such as wood, paper or leather.

REPRESENTATIVES OF PHYLUM ASCOMYCOTA

MORELS

The morel (Morchella) is a genus of edible cup fungi.

Although sought-after as good edible fungi, morels should always be well cooked before eating and never be eaten raw. They contain toxins which are denatured by heat, and if eaten raw can cause stomach irritation.

BASIDIOMYCOTA

Basidiomycota are unicellular or multicellular, sexual or asexual, and terrestrial or aquatic.

The most diagnostic feature is the production of basidia (sing. basidium), which are the cells on which sexual spores are produced, and from which the group takes its name. 

REPRESENTATIVES OF BASIDIOMYCOTA

MUSHROOMS

REPRESENTATIVES OF BASIDIOMYCOTA

Calvatia gigantea, commonly known as the Giant puffball, is a puffball mushroom commonly found in meadows, fields, and deciduous forests worldwide usually in late summer and autumn. It is common throughout Europe and North America.

All true puffballs are considered edible when immature, but can cause digestive upset if the spores have begun to form, as indicated by the color of the flesh being not pure white (first yellow, then brown).

REPRESENTATIVES OF BASIDIOMYCOTA

BRACKET FUNGUS

Characteristically, they produce shelf- or bracket-shaped fruiting bodies called conks.

They are mainly found on trees (living and dead) andcoarse woody debris, and may resemble mushrooms.

REPRESENTATIVES OF BASIDIOMYCOTA

DEUTEROMYCOTAThe division Deuteromycota is also called

the Fungi Imperfecti or Imperfect Fungi.

This group of fungi produces their spores asexually.

 Fungi producing the antibiotic penicillin and those that cause athlete's foot and yeast infections are imperfect fungi.