Kingdom Animmalia

ByKendall Reyes

Diana Ramirez Itcelia Segoviano

Phylum: Porifera• They feed through pores

on their outer walls.• They’re driven by flagella.• Different cells perform

different functions. • They are both asexual and

sexual.• Their skeleton is made up

of collegen and spicules.• Porifera are known as

Sponges.• Their bodies are hollow

and made of a jelly-like substance.

• It can filter up to 100 liters of water everyday.

Phylum: Cnidaria• They’re armed with stingy

cells called nematocysts.• 4 major groups: Anthozoa,

Cubozoa, Hydrozoa, and Scyphozoa.

• At some point in their lives they develop a medusa and a polyp ( vase-shaped, sedentary stage of Cnidarian life cycle) stage.

• They have a gastrovascular cavity that helps them eat prey. It consists of tentacles around it.

Ctenophora

Phylum: Platyhelminthes (Flatworms)• THE BODY OF THESE ORGANISMS DEVELOP FROM

THREE GERM LAYERS: ECTODERM, MESODERM AND ENDODERM.

• THEY HAVE BILATERALLY SYMMETRICAL BODIES, WITH DORSAL AND VENTRAL SURFACES, RIGHT AND LEFT SIDES, AND ANTERIOR AND POSTERIOR ENDS.

• THERE’S MORE THAN 20,000 SPECIES THAT DIVIDE IN FOUR CLASSES.

• PARASITIC ORGANISMS MAY HAVE EVOLVED FROM FREE-LIVING ORGANISMS.

Class Turbellaria • The majority of the 4,500 species in

this class live in the ocean.• The most familiar turbellaria is the

freshwater planarian Dugesia. • They have a soft epidermis that’s

ciliated on the ventral surface.• Most are marine, but some are found

in fresh water or on land.• They eat small animals or dead and

decaying material. Food that’s not digested exits through the mouth.

• Excretory: has flame cells whose cilia removes excess water and nitrogenous bases.

• Nervous: there’s eye spots that are sensitive to light and pointed lobes that are sensitive to touch.

• Reproduction: asexual and sexual.

Classes Trematoda and Monogenea

Trematoda and Monogenea

• They both consist of parasitic flukes: leaf-shaped flatworms that parasitize mammals.

Trematoda

• They’re parasitic and leaf-shaped.

• They have a thick cuticle to prevent digestion from the host.

• Nervous/Muscular systems are mostly absent.

• They produce 1,000’s of eggs because many die. Trematoda

Monogenea

Class Cestoda• About 5,000 species of tapeworms exist in this

class.• Tapeworms are parasitic.• They live in mammals and elk.• Excretory, muscular and nervous systems may be

absent.• Nutrients enter by diffusion.

Phylum: Rotifera (Rotifers)• There are approximately 17,500 species in this phylum.

• Most live in fresh water, but some live in damp soil and salt water.

• They’re transparent, multicellular, and free-living.

• Males are smaller than females (both may range between 100 to 500µm.)

• They survive long periods without water; however, when wet conditions reappear, they absorb it.

• Cilia surrounds their mouth and pulls in food.• They reproduce in the process of

parthenogenesis: unfertilized eggs develop into adults.

Class Seisonidea• Reproduce by sexual reproduction

only.• They are a marine class.• They live in the gills of crustaceans.

Class Bdelloida

• Reproduce by parthogenesis.

• They can survive extreme temperatures and desiccation for years.

• They’re named “Wheeled Animacules” for being the first rotifers to be described.

Class Monogononta• Reproduce by

parthogenesis.• There’s both fresh water

and marine species in this class.

• This class contains the largest number of species counting with over 70% of them occupying the phylum rotifera.

Phylum: Mollusca (Mollusks) • There are more than

112,000 species.

• Mollusks comes from the Latin molluscus, meaning “soft.”

• Some are fast-moving predators with complex nervous systems.

• They are coelomates.

• Most mollusks go through a larval stage called a trochopore.

• Their body is divided in two main regions: the head-foot and the visceral mass.

Class Polyplacophora

• They’re commonly known as chitons.

• They are marine and the majority inhabit rocky seashore environments.

• They will roll up into a ball to protect their under surface. This condition allows them to roll safely in the waves.

• Most are herbivores, but some are carnivores.

• They’re nocturnal in behavior.

Class Gastropoda

• The largest and most diverse class of mollusks with over 40,000 species.

• During larval development, they undergo torsion: twisting that brings the mantle cavity, gills, and anus to the front.

• They move smoothly thanks to wavelike muscular contractions of the foot.

• They’re commonly called gastropods.• They have an open circulatory system.

Class Bivalvia

• Species whose shells are divided into halves (valves) connected by a hinge.

• This species can close its shell with their muscles that are attached to the inside of each valve.

• The valves consist of three layers.

• Their nervous systems consist of three pairs of ganglia: one pair near the mouth, another in the digestive system and one in the foot.

Class Cephalopoda

• They’re marine and are commonly called cephalopods: head-foot.

• Specialized for free-swimming, and predatory existence.• Tentacles stretch out from their heads.• Their jaws resemble a parrots beak. • Their nervous system is the most advanced of all mollusks.• The cells in tentacles sense chemicals in the water.• They have a closed circulatory system.• Many release a dark fluid to distract enemies.

Class Monoplacopho

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• They were thought to be extinct.• They’re limpet-shaped mollusks that are segmented like worms. In each segment, the internal vital organs are duplicated. • They live only in the deeper ocean areas where they’re away from predators.

Class Aplacophora• There’s about 100 known species.

• Most live in deep water.• Some bury themselves in sand or mud in the oceans to eat

annelids and other small invertebrates.• They have no shell.• Posses a trace of mantle cavity.• Their feet are absent.• They don’t have specialized sense organs.• Males release their sperm into the water and females

release their eggs.

Class Scaphapoda

Phylum: Annelida (Segmented Worms)

• Annelid is a term that comes from Latin meaning “little rings.”

• This phylum consists of about 15,000 species of worms.

• Most have external bristles called setae and some have fleshy protrusions called parapodia.

• If one segment breaks, the others will still function properly.

• They have true coeloms and develop from a trochopore.

Class Oligochaeta • They live in soil or in fresh

water.• Oligochaeta means ”few

bristles.”• The most common species is

the earthworm.

Class Polychaeta• About 60% of the species in this phylum are part of this

class. • Polychaeta means “many bristles.”• They have antennae and have specialized mouthparts.• Most are marine.• Some are swimmers that use their jaws to eat small

animals. While others eat sediment or search the bottom of the ocean for food.

Class Hirudinea• Consists of

about 500 species of leeches.

• The smallest class of annelids.

• Most leeches live in calm fresh water.

Nematoda

Arthropoda

Echinodermata

Chordata

References :D • http://www.wallpapersonweb.com/image-207460.html• http://free-animated-backgrounds.com/desktop/background-ppt.html• http://www.wallsave.com/wallpaper/1024x768/powerpoint-backgrounds-for-christmas-free-christi

an-25390.html• http://www.backgroundppt.com/jenkin-blog-swirl-backgrounds-powerpoint-template• http://animated-desktop-wallpaper.blogspot.com/2011/08/powerpoint-background-templates.ht

ml• http://www.powerpoint.org.cn/ppt/FoodPowerpoint/ppt_61485.html• http://www.kidport.com/reflib/science/animals/mollusks.htm• http://www.fcps.edu/islandcreekes/ecology/flatworm.htm• http://www.okc.cc.ok.us/deanderson/dennis_worms/class_turb.html• http://www.sfu.ca/~fankbone/v/lab05.html• http://www.kmle.co.kr/search.php?Search=monogenea&SpecialSearch=HTMLWebHtdig&Page=1• http://www.esu.edu/~milewski/intro_biol_two/lab__10_platy_nemat/taenia_scolex.html• http://sfrc.ufl.edu/planktonweb/taxonomy.htm• http://mrslait.weebly.com/uploads/1/4/6/5/1465667/phylum_platyhelminthes_web_notes.pdf• http://www.infoplease.com/ce6/sci/A0860433.html• http://www.bumblebee.org/invertebrates/ROTIFERA.htm• http://bio.fsu.edu/~bsc2011l/sp_05_doc/Mollusca_2-22-05.pdf• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gastropoda• http://slowmuse.wordpress.com/2008/10/26/bivalvia-in-excelsis/• http://tolweb.org/Cephalopoda• http://www.gulfspecimen.org/catalog/specimens/PhylumAnnelida.html• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oligochaeta

References :D • http://nathistoc.bio.uci.edu/Annelids/Nereis2.htm• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leech• http://www.biology.iastate.edu/Courses/211L/Porif/%20Porifindx.htm• http://students.ncwc.edu/bio101/invertebrates/characteristics_of_cnidaria.htm• http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/cnidaria/cnidaria.html• http://www.manandmollusc.net/advanced_introduction/moll101polyplacophora.html• http://www.manandmollusc.net/advanced_introduction/moll101monoplacophora.html• http://www.manandmollusc.net/advanced_introduction/moll101aplacophora.html