kinds of sentence structure
TRANSCRIPT
Contents
I. Introduction to sentencesII. Kinds of sentences
1. Simple Sentences2. Compound Sentences3. Complex Sentences4. Compound-Complex Sentences
III. SummaryIV. References
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I. Introduction to Sentences Structure
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Thank goodness for sentences and sentence structure! Without sentences, we'd probably all be walking around like a bunch of babbling idiots. See. They're pretty important. Let's show them some respect and learn more about them!
Okay, now it's time for us to explore its definitions and its types!
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What is a sentence?• A sentence is a group of words that we can use to communicate our ideas.• A sentence is a group of words that usually contains a subject and a verb, and expresses a complete idea. (Longman dictionary)
Every sentences is formed from one or more clauses and express a complete thought.
I. Introduction to Sentences Structure
II. Kinds of Sentences
There are four kinds of sentences as:
- Simple sentence- Compound sentences- Complex sentences- Compound-complex sentences
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1. Simple Sentences
A simple sentence is one independent clause.
Ex: Freshwater boils at 100 degrees Celsius
at sea level. Dara and Lida study at the same school.
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Simple subject with simple verbS+ V+ C.
Ex: We did assignment at Tela Mart.Room A403 is my English classroom.Applied Linguistic is an important subject.
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1. Simple Sentences(con.)
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Compound subject with simple verbS+ Conj.+S+ V+ C.
Ex: Chetra and Leaphea are in group4.Sambor and Kesor are a couple.Nita or Pisey stays at home.
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1. Simple Sentences(con.)
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Simple subject with compound verbS+ V+ Conj.+ V+ C.
Ex: Dara goes to school at seven o’clock and comes back home at eleven o’clock everyday.
Menghoir talks on phone with Seavhong until midnight and gets up at eleven o’clock in the morning.
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1. Simple Sentences(con.)
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Compound subject with compound verbS+ Conj.+ S+ V+ Conj.+ V+ C.Ex: Menghoir and Chetra did the assignment and drank fresh water at Tela Mart.
Seyla and Leaphea play facebook but don’t like my photos.
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1. Simple Sentences(con.)
2. Compound Sentences
A compound sentences is two or more independent clause joined together. Ex: They study at the weekday, and they work at the weekend.There are three ways to join the clauses to become a compound sentences.- Join with a coordinator - Join with a conjunctive adverb- Join with a semicolon 11
Compound sentences with coordinatorA compound sentence can be formed as follows:Independent clause, + coordinator + independent clause.Ex: Salt water boils at a lower temperature than freshwater, so food cooks faster in saltwater.There are seven coordinators, which are also called coordinating conjunctions. You can remember them by the phrase FANBOYS (For, And, Nor, But, Or, Yet, So). 12
2. Compound sentences(con.)
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Coordinators Meaning
For To add a reasonAnd To add a similar, equal ideaNor To add a negative equal ideaBut To add an opposite ideaOr To add an alternative possibilityYet To add an unexpected or surprising
continuationSo To add an expected result
2. Compound sentences(con.)
Compound sentences with conjunctive adverbsA second way to form a compound sentence is as follow:Independent clause; + conjunctive adverb, + independent clause.Ex: Salt water boils at a higher temperature than freshwater; therefore, food cooks faster in salt water.Punctuation Note: Put a semicolon before and a comma after the conjunctive adverb.
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2. Compound sentences(con.)
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Conjunctiveadverbs Meaning
Also, beside, furthermore, in addition, moreover
To add a similar, equal idea
However, nevertheless, nonetheless, still
To add an unexpected or surprising continuation
On the other hand, in contrast
To add a complete contrast
otherwise To give an alternative possibilityAccordingly, as a result, consequently, hence…
To add an expected result
For example, for instance
To add an example
2. Compound sentences(con.)
Compound sentences with SemicolonsA third way to form a compound sentence is to connect the two independent clauses with a semicolon alone: Ex: Three hundred guests attended his weeding ; two attended his funeral.This kind of compound sentence is possible only when the two independent clauses are closely related in meaning. If they are not closely related, they should be written as two simple sentences, each ending with a period.
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2. Compound sentences(con.)
3. Complex Sentences
A complex sentence contains one independent clause and one (or more) dependent clauses(s). In a complex sentence, one idea is generally more important than the other one.
There are three kinds of dependent clauses such:- Adverb clauses- Adjective clauses- Noun clauses
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Complex Sentences with adverb clausesAn adverb clauses acts like an adverb; that is, it tells where, when, why, and how. An adverb clauses beings with a subordinator, such as when, while, because, although, if, so, or that. It can come before or after an independent clause.
Ex: A citizen can vote in Cambodia when he or she is 18 years old.
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3. Complex Sentences(con.)
Complex Sentences with adjective clausesAn adjective clause acts like an adjective; that is, it describes a noun or pronoun.
An adjective clause begins with a relative pronoun such as who, whom, which, whose, or that, or with relative adverb, such as where and when. It follows the noun or pronoun it describes.Ex: Last year we went to Sihaknok Ville, where is the most beautiful beach in the world. 19
3. Complex Sentences(con.)
Complex Sentences with noun clausesA noun clause beings with a wh- question word, that, whether, and sometime if.
A noun clause acts like a noun; it can be either the subject or an object of the independent clause.
Ex: The government says that the education policy must be reformed next year.
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3. Complex Sentences(con.)
4. Compound-Complex Sentences
A compound-complex sentence has at least three clauses, at least two of which are independent. We can use almost any combination of dependent and independent clauses. Just be sure that there is at least one independent clause. Ex: I wanted to travel after I graduated from
university; however, I had to go to work immediately.
I could not decide where I should work or what I should do, so at first I did nothing.
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4. Compound-Complex Sentences(con.)
Although I like to go camping, I haven't had the time to go lately, and I haven't found anyone to go with.• independent clause: "I haven't had the time to go lately"• independent clause: "I haven't found anyone to go with"• dependent clause: "Although I like to go camping... "
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III. Summary1. Simple sentences s+ v+ c s+ conj +s +v+ c s+ v+ conj+ v+ c s+ conj+ s+ v+ conj+ v+ c
2. Compound sentence Simple sentence+,+FANBOYS+simple sentence Simple sentence+;+Simple sentence Simple sentence+;+conjunctive adverb+,+ Simple sentence
III. Summary
3. Complex sentenceIndependent clause+ dependent clauseDependent clause+,+independent clause
4. Compound complex sentencecombination of two independent clauses
and one or more dependent clauses.
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IV. Reference
Chanra, N. (2012). Sentence Skills. Phnom Penh.Kean Soklaing, Reach Rithy, Pann Rethae. (2011). Academic
Writing Year2 Semester1. Phnom Penh: CICI Publication.Obrien, E. (2009). Grammar Revolution. Retrieved June 23, 2015, from http://www.english-grammar revolution .com/sentence-structure.htmlLearn American English Online. (2012). Retrieved June 23, 2015, from http://www.learnamericanenglishonline.com/ Orange%20Level/O5%20Compound Complex%20 Sentences.html
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Thank for watching
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