KHULISA CRIME PREVENTION INITIATIVE

PRESENTATION TO

DCS PORTFOLIO COMMITTEE

JUNE 2005

VISION

The reduction of crime in South Africa through the building capacity amongst individuals and the community.

MISSION STATEMENT

Khulisa is a values-driven organisation committed to the reduction of crime through the professional development and delivery of programmes and initiatives that empower individuals, restore relationships and develop communities.

ABOUT KHULISA

• Established in 1997

• Offers national programmes

• Offices in Gauteng, KwaZulu Natal, North West, Western Cape

KHULISA CRIME PREVENTION INITIATIVE: A HOLISTIC APPROACH

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EARLY INTERVENTION

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REINTEGRATION

CRIME

PROGRAMMEOVERVIEW

• Make It Better (MIB) Programme• New Directions Diversion Programme• Awaiting Trial Programmes (prisons, places

of safety, etc)• Discovery Rehabilitation Programme• Destinations Reintegration Programme• Peer Education Programmes• Staff Development & Training Programmes

MAKE IT BETTER(MIB) PROGRAMME

• Trains groups of young adults to implement local community development initiatives.

• Process involves youths/young adults between the ages of 18/30

• 310 youths trained as MIB leaders in 16 communities since 2000

• Approximately 80,000 learners reached through MIB group programmes

EXAMPLES OF PROJECTSUNDERTAKEN BY

MIB YOUTH GROUPS

• School drugs/HIV/AIDS programmes

• Drop-in centres for HIV/AIDS orphans

• Creches• Recreation clubs• Street Children• Schools of Industry

• Life skill programmes• Extra mural activities• Saturday schools• Mentoring• Sewing clubs• Vegetable gardens

DIVERSIONOPTIONS

• The Child Justice Bill sets out three diversion options.

• Khulisa provides programmes under Options One and Two.

– 15-week life skill and personal enrichment programme.

– A 6 or 9-week “mini” diversion option (which caters for children younger than 13 – junior level, and older than 14 – senior level).

– Additional options include: victim offender mediation (restorative justice); home-based supervision; community service; school attendance;monitoring, etc

DIVERSIONSTATISTICS

• Estimated 700 children diverted in past 3 years

• Khulisa’s diversion programmes comply with minimum standards as set out by the Department of Social Welfare & Population Development

REHABILITATION TO REINTEGRATION

REHABILITATED OFFENDER

REINTEGRATED EX-OFFENDER

Post-Release/After Care

Programmes Whilst Incarcerated

“DISCOVERY” REHABILITATION

PROGRAMME

• An in-prison correctional and personal development programme known as “My Path” delivered over a period of approximately one year.

• Suitable for all ages, male and female

• Delivered to approximately 1,400 prisoners since 1997.

MY PATH

AIMS & OBJECTIVES

• To teach offenders to become accountable for their behaviour

• To provide offenders, through a year-long in-prison programme, creative writing skills, vocational skill development, personal transformation and group therapy

• To support and strengthen the family through workshops, in order to enable them to participate effectively in offender reintegration and crime prevention programmes

• To provide education and life skills, thus promoting their opportunities to pursue a life outside criminal activity upon release

DURATION OF PROGRAMME

• My Path includes 3 phases or steps

• Each phase is 12 weeks long

• Each week includes at least one facilitated two hour session (illiterate programme includes two such sessions) and self-guided activity for each day of the week.

CONTENT PER STEP

Step One: Self-discovery and the establishment of a

recovery plan (Identity, emotions, self-care, effective

communication and dealing with the challenge of change)

Step Two: Restoration of self, victim impact, relationships and

community, gender roles, non-violence, destructive cycles,

development of change agreements, beliefs & values, personal

accountability and conflict resolution

Step Three: Preparation for legitimate self-sustainability post-

release (Career guidance, job hunting, interview skills, CV’s,

learnership, entrepreneurship, community work)

MY PATH LEVELS

• My Path Tertiary - Grade 12 +

• My Path FET - Grades 10-12

• MY Path GED - Grades 7-9

• My Path Fundamental - catering for illiterate offenders.

Placement on these courses requires a literacy assessment which gauges functional literacy level.

LITERACY

• Very low levels of English literacy exist even amongst matriculants

• Assessments with both adult and juvenile offenders reveal that matriculated offenders range in levels of literacy from Grade 5 to Grade 10

• My Path is, therefore, developed to address the needs of different literacy levels.

LANGUAGES

In due course these programmes will be offered in other languages to meet the needs of participants.

ASSESSMENT

With the goal of encouraging self-reflection andproviding feedback on change (behaviour modification) and personal development, a range of assessmenttools are included:• Pre and post bio-psychosocial assessment• Qualitative homework analysis• Self-assessment of learning outcomes and self-

development• Integrity and literacy assessments (pre and post

programme)

A formal external evaluation has also been conducted.

REPORTING

Individual reports provide detail regarding:1) Attendance2) Attitude3) Performance throughout the programme4) Overall development; and 5) Recommendations into additional

rehabilitation/reintegration needs and issues.

Can be tailored for sentence planning andparole board purposes

FEMALE PRISONS

• Research was conducted in April 2004 to determine specific needs of female inmates.

• Programmes currently in progress to address these needs.

• Handcraft and other practical skills development programmes launched in March 2005.

• Strong relationship development component with emphasis on forgiveness included

DRUGS PEER EDUCATOR PROGRAMMES

AIMS & OBJECTIVES

• To provide and implement a strategic drug awareness support and counselling service.

• The provision of life skills and drug awareness programmes and the establishment of drug free sections.

• To reduce the illegal drug activities within the prison environment.

• Reduction of addiction rates.• Assist inmates with addiction problems.• Provide alternative activities• Improve employability of prisoners (post-release)• Empower staff 

JOHANNESBURGMEDIUM C PRISON

CASE STUDY• Programme initiated in 2002

• 24 peer drug educators trained

• 96% of drug educators tested drug-free

• Over 1,000 youth from schools have visited the prison (community outreach programme)

• 3 drug-free sections established

• Offenders constantly work with over two-thirds of prison population

• 50% involved in drug programme (+ 3 educators per section)

• Over 40 support groups established and 260 sessions held with inmates in 7 sections

• 471 inmates participated in support groups

• 89% of programme participants indicated support groups contribute positively to the lives of inmates

HIV/AIDS PEER EDUCATOR

PROGRAMMES

AIMS & OBJECTIVES

• To provide and implement an HIV/AIDS education, awareness and support service

• To provide a project structure allowing offenders to have access to HIV/AIDS education

• To offer offenders some protection against risk in the prison environment through ongoing monitoring and support

• To provide each peer educator with the skills to provide low cost HIV/AIDS education support to the inmates on a sustainable basis and to become self-sustaining upon release

• To gain lifelong learning on the subject, which will equip them for suitable behaviour modification throughout their lives.

• To promote voluntary disclosure testing in a controlled environment.

REACH

Offenders:• 322 peer educators trained in 30 prisons –

May 2003 – July 2005• 288 peer educators trained (Gauteng) –

May – June 2005Estimated reach: 5,000 per annum

Staff:• 265 peer educators trained – May –

November 2004

EXTERNALEVALUATION EXTRACTS

DECEMBER 2004

• 75% of inmates reached in 7 prisons sampled had gone for VCT.

• Change in gang behaviour and reduction of sodomy

• In some cases, peer educators had gone to schools in communities to train children on HIV/AIDS

AWAITING TRIALPOLLSMOOR PRISON

CASE STUDY

• Since the programme’s inception over 350 inmates have attended the classes. According to prison records reports of both sodomy and common assault have dropped by 50%.  

In addition, according to staff members the inmates:• Have become less aggressive towards staff and fellow inmates • Have become more respectful of DCS staff members • Have become more hygienic - as evidenced by cleaner and

neater cells • Have willingly participated in all Khulisa's programmes

including evening life skill sessions • Have shown an interest in improving their education, with

several, for the first time, learning to write at least their names

PRE-RELEASEPROGRAMME

AIMS & OBJECTIVES

• To prepare offenders and their families for their release

• To provide offenders with skills specific to needs of individuals, families and communities

• To prevent recidivism

METHODOLOGY

Facilitated weekly group sessions that utilise experiential learning, role plays and drama,case studies, discussions and personalreflective assignments.

• 12 two hour sessions (ideally run over a 12 week period)

• Family workshops• Offender/Victim/Family Mediation Sessions• Community Peacebuilding initiatives• Recruitment/identification of community mentors

RESTORATIVEJUSTICE

• Restoration and restorative justice form an integral part of Khulisa’s rehabilitation/reintegration philosophy

• In the past year 74 restorative justice cases (victims/family) have been facilitated

• Reintegration is supported not only by working with the offender but also by a supportive social and family context.

POST-RELEASEPROGRAMME

(Reintegration)

AIMS/OBJECTIVES

The 6-month programme aims to:

• Provide and/or establish networks that offer social, emotional and practical support to recently released offenders.

METHODOLOGY

• Weekly individual counselling and mentoring sessions

• Streaming of participants into one of the following groups - further studies, learnerships, formal employment, informal employment, community work.

• Weekly group sessions on topics relevant to stream. • Facilitated monthly group discussions, where

possible, led in part by group members or other ex-offenders.

• Family work if and where required.

ASSESSMENT

• Feedback from offenders

• Random drug tests and polygraph testing where deemed appropriate

• Feedback from family members

• Feedback from community mentors

SAMPLE STATISTICS

• Research conducted by Khulisa (2004) indicates that from a random group of 64 graduates tracked since release in 1999, + 70% have not relapsed back into crime.

• Since the introduction of the Khulisa programme at Ekuseni (KwaZulu Natal) over 200 prisoners have participated. During the first year 65% completed the course and graduated. 41% of these are now involved in ongoing projects within the prison environment.  

• Since the inception of the programme at Ekuseni 50 prisoners have been released, and 14 transferred. Of those who have been released 70% are involved in Khulisa’s Reintegration Programme either through learnerships, employment or community service projects. 

STAFF DEVELOPMENT& TRAINING

Personal development approach to preparing staff to participate in the rehabilitation environment (White Paper compliance)

PROGRAMMEDELIVERY

• Traditionally by Khulisa staff• Peer educator programmes available to allow

suitable long-term prisoners to participate• Khulisa would welcome facilitation

participation by DCS staff• Ideally Khulisa would place a local support

unit to provide programmes long-term to service individual correctional establishments

PROGRAMMEACCREDITATION

Khulisa programmes are all in various stages of evaluation or preparation for accreditation by the Services Seta

CHALLENGES

• Funding from the Department

• Department under-resourced

• Commitment of staff, in some instances the opportunity to talk and be heard

COSTS

To the State of Imprisonment:

R42,000 per inmate per annum

Khulisa: Rehabilitation Programme:

R13,000 per inmate; and

Reintegration Programme:

Approximately R6,000 per parole

Newcastle Integrated Crime Prevention Prgramme - Phase 1 2002/3

DiversionNewcastle MentoringMadedeniOsisweni

Newcastle MIB

RehabilitationEkuseni

Khulisa October 2003.

Newcastle Integrated Crime Prevention Programme - Phase 2 2003/4

Reintegration

CharlestownProject

DiversionNewcastleMadedeni School ofOsizweni Mentors IndustriesUtrecht

DannhauserDundeeGlencoe Social

Charlestown MIB 1 Crime PrevIngogo & MIB 2

Drugs Progs ("Greater"Ekuseni Newcastle) Recreation

Khulisa Activities CommunitiesNewcastle Urban

HIV/Aids Progs RuralEkuseni Drugs Progs

RehabilitationEkuseni

SchoolsHIV/Aids Urban

Reintegration Progs RuralNewcastle

Durban

Khulisa May-04

KZN Midlands Integrated Crime Prevention Programme 2004/5

Reintegration

CharlestownProject

DiversionNewcastleMadedeni School ofOsizweni Mentors IndustriesUtrecht

DannhauserDundeeGlencoe Social

Charlestown MIB 1 Crime PrevIngogo & MIB 2

Drugs Progs ("Greater"Ekuseni Newcastle) Recreation

Khulisa Activities CommunitiesNewcastle Urban

HIV/Aids Progs RuralEkuseni Drugs Progs

RehabilitationEkuseni

SchoolsHIV/Aids Urban

Reintegration Progs RuralNewcastle

Durban

Diversion St PaulsBuford School

Driefonteein LondonWatersmeetLadysmith Mentoring

Diversion Ezakheni PartnershipsSteadville

DrugsProgs

Khulisa Khulisa MIBVryheid Ladysmith

HIV/Aids SchoolsProgs

MIBRecreationActivities

Khulisa Crime Prevention Initiative September 2004.

HOW COULD THE DEPARTMENT HELP

KHULISA TO HELP THEM1. Khulisa needs to know where it stands with the

Department 2. A formal relationship to be established with clear

communication channels3. Confirmation that its programmes are approved4. An understanding of existing and proposed DCS

requirements in terms of programme development, so that it can comply

5. Support for staff members involved at correctional facilities

6. Funding from DCS to assist to promote the cause with funders

FUNDERS• Billiton Development Trust• British High Commission• Departments of Safety and

Liaison, Social Welfare & Population Development, Health

• DFID• Exel Supply Chain Services

(SA) (Pty) Ltd• Government of Finland• Johannesburg City Council• Nashua• Nelson Mandela Children’s

Fund

• Open Society Foundation• Royal Danish Embassy• SAIH• Samancor Foundation• The Tower Group• United Nations Office on

Drugs and Crime• USAID• US Embassy• Various personal trusts