CommanderCommander KFOR:KFOR:Lt Gen. Giuseppe E. GayLt Gen. Giuseppe E. Gay, ,

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COMMZ(S)COMMZ(S)

LL t.Gen GiuseppeE. Gay attendedthe Italian Mili-

tary Academy in Mo-dena, and was com-missioned as a SecondLieutenant in 1971.Following two years ofspecialization training inTurin, he was assignedas a First Lieutenant tothe 182nd "Garibaldi"armored Regiment andlater, as a Captain, hecommanded a tankcompany in the 13th"M.O.Pascucci"TankBattalion.Following the Basic andAdvanced Courses ofthe Italian Army GeneralStaff College, he served as a Staff Officer at theNorth Eastern District's Estate & FacilitiesOffice, the Army General Staff's PersonnelDivision, the 5th Army Corps' HQ (Chief G3),the Army General Staff's Logistic Division(Chief G4) and the 1st Command Force ofDefense (COS).LTG Gay's command experience includesCommander of the 7th Tank Battalion "M.O. DiDio" in Vivaro, Commander of the 1st ArmoredRegiment in Teulada, Deputy Commander andCommander of the 132nd "Ariete" ArmoredBrigade in Pordenone - during this assignment,he commanded the Multinational Brigade Westin Pec/Peja (Kosovo 1999 - 2000) - DeputyCommander of the Kosovo Force, inPristina/Pristhinë (2003 - 2004), DeputyCommander of the Allied Rapid ReactionCorps (2004 - 2007) during this appointment,he spent a tour as Deputy Commander

(Stability) of ISAF IX inKabul (2006) - Com-mander of Land ForcesSupport HQ (2007) andCommander of the NATORapid Deployable Corps -ITA (2007-2008). As of the 29th of August2008, he assumed co-mmand of Kosovo Fo-rces.He has received nume-rous military decorations,badges and ribbons. Be-sides this he has beenawarded the Italian ArmyBronze Medal for Gal-lantry, the First ClassMedal "Don AlfonsoHENRIQUES" of thePortuguese Army, the

German Army Gold Cross for Honor, Slovacmilitary medal “For Service at PeacekeepingOperations of 1st degree” and MeritoriousOfficer Cross with Swords of Malta'sSovereign Military Order. He also was conferred with the title ofCommander of the Italian Republic Order ofMerit, and the title of Knight of the ItalianMilitary Order.LTG Gay holds a Bachelor's degree and aMaster's degree in Strategic Sciences from theUniversity of Turin, a Bachelor's degree inInternational and Diplomatic Sciences from theUniversity of Trieste and a post-graduatedegree in Classical Sciences from the"Accademia Agostiniana" - Lateran Universityof Rome.

He is married to Anna and they have twoadult children.

Lieutenant General Giuseppe E. GayLieutenant General Giuseppe E. Gay, Italian , Italian ArmyArmy

1

KK osovo lies in the southern Balkans andhas a mixed population of which themajority are ethnic Albanians. Until

1989, the region enjoyed a high degree ofautonomy within the former Yugoslavia, whenSerbian leader Slobodan Milosevic altered thestatus of the region, removing its autonomy andbringing it under the direct control of Belgrade,the Serbian capital. The Kosovar Albaniansstrenuously opposed the move. During 1998,open conflict between Serbian military and policeforces and Kosovar Albanian forces resulted inthe deaths of over 1,500 Kosovar Albanians andforced 400,000 people from their homes. Theinternational community became gravelyconcerned about the escalating conflict, itshumanitarian consequences, and the risk of itspreading to other countries. PresidentMilosevic's disregard for diplomatic effortsaimed at peacefully resolving the crisis and thedestabilizing role of militant Kosovar Albanianforces was also of concern. This led to theconsideration of a large number of possiblemilitary options. On October 13th, 1998,following a deterioration of the situation, theNATO Council authorized Activation Orders forair strikes. This move was designed to supportdiplomatic efforts to make the Milosevic regimewithdraw forces from Kosovo, cooperate inbringing an end to the violence and facilitate thereturn of refugees to their homes. At the lastmoment, following further diplomatic initiativesincluding visits to Belgrade by NATO's SecretaryGeneral Javier Solana, US Envoys RichardHolbrooke and Christopher Hill, the Chairman of

NATO's Military Committee, GeneralKlaus Naumann, and the SupremeAllied Commander Europe (SACEUR), General Wesley Clark, Pre-sident Slobodan Milosevic agreed tocomply and the air strikes were calledoff. UN Security Council Resolution(UNSCR) 1199, among other things,expressed deep concern about theexcessive use of force by SerbianSecurity Forces and the YugoslavArmy, and called for a cease-fire byboth parties to the conflict. In the

spirit of the UNSCR, limits were set on thenumber of Serbian forces in Kosovo, and onthe scope of their operations, following aseparate agreement with Generals Naumannand Clark. It was agreed, in addition, that theOrganization for Security and Cooperation inEurope (OSCE) would establish a KosovoVerification Mission (KVM) to observecompliance on the ground and that NATOwould establish an aerial surveillancemission. The establishment of the twomissions was endorsed by UN SecurityCouncil Resolution 1203. Several non-NATOnations that participate in Partnership forPeace (PfP) agreed to contribute to thesurveillance mission organized by NATO. Insupport of the OSCE, the Allianceestablished a special military task force toassist with the emergency evacuation ofmembers of the KVM, if renewed conflictshould put them at risk. This task force was

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deployed in the Former Yugoslav Republic ofMacedonia under the overall direction of NATO'sSupreme Allied Commander Europe. Despite thesesteps, the situation in Kosovo flared up again at thebeginning of 1999, following a number of acts ofprovocation on both sides and the use of excessiveand disproportionate force by the Serbian Army andSpecial Police. Some of these incidents weredefused through the mediation efforts of the OSCEverifiers but in mid-January, the situationdeteriorated further after escalation of the Serbianoffensive against Kosovar Albanians. Renewedinternational efforts were made to give new politicalimpetus to finding a peaceful solution to theconflict. The six-nation Contact Group establishedby the 1992 London Conference on the FormerYugoslavia met on January 29th. It was agreed toconvene urgent negotiations between the parties tothe conflict, under international mediation. NATOsupported and reinforced the Contact Group effortsby agreeing on January 30th to use air campaign ifrequired, and by issuing a warning to both sides inthe conflict. These concerted initiatives culminatedin negotiations in Rambouillet near Paris, fromFebruary 6th to the 23th, followed by a secondround in Paris, from March 15th to the 18th. At theend of the second round of talks, the KosovarAlbanian delegation signed the proposed peaceagreement, but the talks broke up without asignature from the Serbian delegation. Immediatelyafterwards, Serbian military and police forcesstepped up the intensity of their operations againstthe ethnic Albanians in Kosovo, moving extratroops and modern tanks into the region, in a clearbreach of compliance with the October agreement.Tens of thousands of people began to flee their

homes in the face of this systematicoffensive. On March 20th, the OSCEKosovo Verification Mission waswithdrawn from the region, having facedobstruction from Serbian forces to theextent that they could no longer continueto fulfill their task. US AmbassadorHolbrooke then flew to Belgrade, in afinal attempt to persuade PresidentMilosevic to stop attacks on the KosovarAlbanians or face imminent NATO airstrikes. Milosevic refused to comply,

and on March 23rd the order was given for athe air campaign (Operation Allied Force).On June 10th, 1999, after an air campaignlasting 78 days, NATO Secretary GeneralJavier Solana announced that he hadinstructed General Wesley Clark, SupremeAllied Commander Europe, temporarily tosuspend NATO's air operations againstYugoslavia. This decision was taken afterconsultations with the North AtlanticCouncil and confirmation from GeneralClark that the full withdrawal of Yugoslavforces from Kosovo had begun. Thewithdrawal was in accordance with aMilitary-Technical Agreement concludedbetween NATO and the Federal Republic ofYugoslavia on the evening of June 9th. Theagreement was signed by Lieutenant GeneralSir Michael Jackson, on behalf of NATO,and by the General Svetozar Marjanovic ofthe Yugoslav Army and Lieutenant GeneralObrad Stevanovic of the Ministry of InternalAffairs, on behalf of the Governments of theFederal Republic of Yugoslavia andRepublic of Serbia. The withdrawal was alsoconsistent with the agreement between theFederal Republic of Yugoslavia and theEuropean Union and Russian special envoys,President Ahtisaari of Finland and Mr. VictorChernomyrdin, former Prime Minister ofRussia, reached on June 3rd. The NATOSecretary General announced that he hadwritten to the Secretary General of theUnited Nations, Mr. Kofi Annan, and to thePresident of the United Nations SecurityCouncil, informing them of these develo-

3

pments. The Secretary General of NATO urgedall parties to the conflict to seize the opportunityfor peace and called on them to comply with theirobligations under the agreements that had nowbeen concluded and under all relevant UNSecurity Council resolutions. Paying tribute toGeneral Clark and to the forces which hadcontributed to Operation Allied Force, and to thecohesion and determination of all the Allies, theSecretary General stated that NATO was ready toundertake its new mission to bring the peopleback to their homes and to build a lasting and justpeace in Kosovo. On June 10, the UN SecurityCouncil passed a resolution (UNSCR 1244)welcoming the acceptance by the FederalRepublic of Yugoslavia of the principles on apolitical solution to the Kosovo crisis, includingan immediate end to violence and a rapidwithdrawal of its military, police and paramilitaryforces. The Resolution, adopted by a vote of 14 infavor and none against, with one abstention(China), announced the Security Council'sdecision to deploy international civil and securitypresences into Kosovo, under United Nationsauspices. Acting under Chapter VII of the UNCharter, the Security Council also decided that thepolitical solution to the crisis would be based onthe general principles adopted on May 6th by theForeign Ministers of the Group of Seven

industrialized countries and the RussianFederation - G8 and the principles containedin the paper presented in Belgrade by thePresident of Finland and the SpecialRepresentative of the Russian Federationwhich was accepted by the Government ofthe Federal Republic on June 3rd. Bothdocuments were included as annexes to theResolution. The principles included, amongothers, an immediate and verifiable end toviolence and repression in Kosovo; thewithdrawal of the military police andparamilitary forces of the Federal Republic;deployment of effective international andsecurity presences, with substantial NATOparticipation in the security presence andunified command and control; establishmentof an interim administration; the safe andfree return of all refugees; a political processproviding for substantial self-government, aswell as the demilitarization of the KosovoLiberation Army (KLA); and a compre-hensive approach to the economic deve-lopment of the region. The Security Councilauthorized Member States and relevantinternational organizations to establish theinternational security presence and decidedthat its responsibilities would includedeterring renewed hostilities, demilitarizing

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the KLA and establishing a secure environment forthe return of refugees and in which the internationalcivil presence could operate. The Security Councilalso authorized the UN Secretary General toestablish the international civil presence andrequested him to appoint a Special Representativeto control its implementation. Following theadoption of UNSCR 1244, General Jackson, actingon the instructions of the North Atlantic Council,made immediate preparations for the rapiddeployment of the security force (Operation JointGuardian), mandated by the United NationsSecurity Council. The first elements enteredKosovo on June 12th. As agreed in the MilitaryTechnical Agreement, the deployment of thesecurity force, Kosovo Force (KFOR) wassynchronized with the departure of Serb securityforces from Kosovo. By June 20th, the Serbwithdrawal was complete and KFOR was wellestablished in Kosovo. At its full strength, KFORwill comprise nearly 50,000 personnel. It is amultinational force under unified command andcontrol with substantial NATO participation.Agreement was been reached on the arrangementsfor participation by the Russian Federation. Morethan twelve other non-NATO nations indicatedtheir intention to contribute to KFOR. Also on June20th, following confirmation by the SACEUR thatSerb security forces had vacated Kosovo, theSecretary General of NATO announced that, inaccordance with the Military Technical Agreement,he had formally terminated the air campaign.NATO forces have been at the forefront of thehumanitarian efforts to relieve the support of widerinternational efforts to build peace and stability inthe area. Many thousands of refugees were forced to fleeKosovo by the Serbian ethnic cleansing campaign.In the Former Yugoslav Republic of MacedoniaNATO troops built refugee camps, refugeereception centers and emergency feeding stations,as well as moving many hundreds of tons ofhumanitarian aid to those in need. In Albania,NATO deployed substantial forces to providesimilar forms of assistance. NATO has also assistedthe United Nations High Commissioner forRefugees (UNHCR) with coordination ofhumanitarian aid flights as well as supplementing

these flights by using aircraft from membercountries. The Euro-Atlantic DisasterResponse Coordination Center (EADRCC)established at NATO in May 1998 has alsoplayed an important role in the coordinationof support to UNHCR relief operations. In March, 2007, after eight years of Kosovobeeing led by the United Nations InterimAdministration Mission in Kosovo(UNMIK), UN Special Envoy MarttiAhtisaari proposed supervised inde-pendence. A long round of negotiations wasnot successful to find a solution to Kosovostatus. On February 17th, 2008, Kosovo'sAssembly declared independence.

5

KK FOR will continue in line with itsoperational mandate to cooperate withand assist the United Nations, the

European Union, the Institution in Kosovo andthe International Community to support thedevelopment of a stable, democratic, multi-ethnic and peaceful Kosovo.According to our schedule, 2009 will mark theaccomplishment of additional tasks for KFOR.In fact the Kosovo Security Force will reach bySeptember 2009 the Initial OperationalCapability. In my view given the missionassigned to the KSF, such as to react to crisis,natural disasters and other emergencies, allethnic communities should feel the moralobligation to commit their best youths, in orderto have a say for a better future. I want to focusour attention to those areas where more than oneethnicity is living alongside the other.

There tolerance has been achieved but coope-ration is still far away. So we have to encouragea more constructing attitude of the people,concentrating our common efforts on projectswich may be helpful to different communities.I want to turn those areas of potential conflictinto opportunities for mutual understanding andcooperation. I give to this idea the name "KosovoDevelopment Zones"; it will be highly beneficialto the people as well as to the reputation ofKosovo. I am ready to support within means andcapabilities any kind of project that will fosterthe reconciliation and the cooperation among theinhabitants of Kosovo We have to transmit ourdetermined enthusiasm and positive outlook, ourvision of the future, trying to convince ourfriends in Kosovo to work together for a betterfuture. An example of Unity of Effort!

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II n accordance with UNSCR 1244, themission of KFOR is to:

Establish and maintain a secure environment in Kosovo, including public safety and order.

KFOR has the mandate to enforce law and orderuntil the UN Mission in Kosovo can fully assumethis responsibility. This is achieved by patrols, airsurveillance, checkpoints, response to emergencycalls, search operations, border controls,investigation of criminal activities and arrest ordetention of suspected criminals. After just three months spent in Kosovo, KFORtroops have arrested hundreds of suspectedcriminals, confiscated quantities of weapons andammunition, and restored the overall security andstability of the province. KFOR presence hasallowed more than 775,000 refugees and displacedpeople to come back to Kosovo and feel secureagain. A constant drop in the rate of murder, arsonand looting confirms that a return to normal life isnot far ahead. Special attention is now paid to theprotection of minorities, who are often the victimsof ethnic tensions and hatred.

Monitor, verify and when necessary, enforcecompliance with the conditions of the MilitaryTechnical Agreement and the UCKUndertaking

KFOR is actively involved in the demilitarizationof Kosovo. With the arrival of KFOR, military andpolice forces from the Federal Republic of

Yugoslavia completed their withdrawal andmet the final timelines of the MilitaryTechnical Agreement. Also KosovoLiberation Army (KLA) forces have beencompliant with the terms of the Undertakingof demilitarization and Transformation.This undertaking is a voluntary commi-tment for immediate cessation of hostilitiesand for a step-by-step demilitarisation of theKLA, which was completed on 20September 1999. Already tons of weapons and ammunitionhave been seized or handed to KFOR.This includes thousands of pistols and rifles,hand grenades, anti-personnel mines, rocketlaunchers, artillery pieces, mortar bombs,rifle bombs, anti-tank mines, fuses,explosives, and even anti-tank rockets andmissiles. The KLA has been disbanded and all KLAweapons have been stored in secureweapons storage sites under the control ofKFOR. The transformation of the formerKLA is underway through resettlementprograms, the creation of the Kosovo PoliceService and the stand-up of the KosovoSecurity Force.

Provide assistance to the UN Mission inKosovo (UNMIK)

KFOR and UNMIK are partners in aninternational effort to restore Kosovo andhelp the local population to transform theprovince into a free and democratic societyopen to all.

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NATO Trust Fund is being implemented by alocal partner Non-Governmental organization(APPK) under the supervision of the UNDevelopment Program (UNDP).

Stand-up of the Kosovo Security Force (KSF)

NATO is responsible for supervising andsupporting the stand-up and training of a multi-ethnic, professional and civilian controlledKSF. The Kosovo-wide recruitment campaignfor the KSF started on 21 January 2009.Reaching out to Kosovo's minority com-munities and encouraging them to apply for theKSF remains a priority. The KSF shall be a lightly armed force andpossess no heavy weapons, such as tanks,heavy artillery or offensive air capability. The KSF shall have primary responsibility forsecurity tasks that are not appropriate for thepolice such as emergency response, explosiveordnance disposal and civil protection. Thismultiethnic professional, all-volunteer bothgender force will be trained according to

IInitial KFOR tasks have included assistancewith the return or relocation of displacedpersons and refugees; reconstruction and

demining; medical assistance; security and publicorder; security of ethnic minorities; protection ofpatrimonial sites; border security; interdiction ofcross-border weapons smuggling; implement-tation of a Kosovo-wide weapons, ammunitionand explosives amnesty programme; weaponsdestruction; and support for the establishment ofcivilian institutions, law and order, the judicialand penal system, the electoral process and otheraspects of the political, economic and social lifeof the province. Special attention continues to bepaid to the protection of minorities. This includesregular patrols near minority enclaves, checkpoints, escorts for minority groups, protection ofheritage sites such as monasteries, and donationsincluding food, clothes and school supplies.

New

On 12th June 2008, NATO agreed to startimplementing its new tasks in Kosovo, i.e assistin the standing-down of the Kosovo ProtectionCorps (KPC) and in the establishment of theKosovo Security Force (KSF), as well as thecivilian structure to oversee the KSF. These tasksare implemented in close coordination andconsultation with the relevant local andinternational authorities.

Stand-down of the KPC

The KPC was conceived as a transitional post-conflict arrangement, under the responsibility ofthe United Nations Mission in Kosovo(UNMIK). Its mandate was to provide disasterresponse services, perform search and rescue,provide a capacity for humanitarian assistance inisolated areas, assist de-mining and contribute torebuilding infrastructure and communities. Dissolution of the KPC took place in parallelwith the creation of the Kosovo Security Force(KSF) to ensure that key capabilities continue tobe available for emergency situations.Those KPC members not recruited into the KSFwill be resettled, reintegrated or retired withdignity. A resettlement programme funded by a

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NATO standards and placed under civilian-led,democratic control. To date, the recruitmentprocess has reached out across society and wascarried out in two official languages: Albanian andSerbian. In the end, but not before two or threeyears the KSF will comprise no more than 2500active personnel and 800 reservists. Trainingactivities and courses started on 2 February 2009.The aim for this is reaching initial operationalcapability.

Establish a civilian-led body to supervise the KSF

NATO assists the authorities in Kosovo inestablishing a ministry for the Kosovo SecurityForce. Primary responsibility for this task restswith NATO HQ in Brussels; KFOR is tasked tosupport the NATO Advisory Team that has beenestablished in Pristina.

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TT he Headquarters of Kosovo Force(HQ KFOR) is located inPristina/Pristinë, Kosovo. It

supports a NATO-led mission of fiveMultinational Task Forces, with 33 nationsand more than 14,000 peacekeepers intheir effort to contribute providing a safe

and secure environment for all peopleliving in Kosovo. HQ KFOR reports to theCommander of Joint Force CommandNaples (COM JFCN) in Naples, Italy.COM JFCN is Admiral Mark Fitzgerald,U.S. Navy.

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KK FOR completed its transition from fourMultinational Brigades (MNB East, Center,Northeast, Southwest) to five Multinational

Task Forces (MNTF) in june 2006 a Regiment ofItalian Carabinieri (MSU) a Portuguese Battalion(KTM) an headquarters Support Group (HSG) and aCommunication Zone (South): - MNTF Center based in Lipljan/Lipjan; - MNTF North based in Novo Selo/Novo Sellë; - MNTF East based in Urosevac/Ferizaj.- MNTF South based in Prizren/Prizrenj; - MNTF West based in Pec/Peja;

KFOR's transition process was aimed atimproving the effectiveness of the forces andtheir ability to operate flexibly throughoutKosovo without restriction. In addition, it placed more emphasis onintelligence-led operations, with MNTFsworking closely with both the local police andthe local population to gather information.The MNTF’s come under a single chain ofcommand, under the authority of CommanderKFOR (COMKFOR).

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TT he main MNTF N mission is to act inthe frame of UNSC Resolution 1244and the particular frame of a military

technical agreement. It is to control the area andensure freedom of movement; to defend thepatrimonial sites and the vital infrastructures; tosupport UNMIK, OSCE, and other internationalagencies. Daily, it means to provide a safe and secureenvironment through random actions in orderto ensure effects; foot or car patrols, temporarycheckpoints in the entire area of responsibility.MNTF-N is very active in civilian and militarycooperation (CIMIC). Thus, it participates fullyin supporting various projects regardingeducation and cultural matters, health,

environment, water and energy. In addition, MNTF N takes part in public rebuilding efforts(roads, bridges, public building, etc…) incooperation with the inhabitants particularlythose of isolated villages.Previously known as Multinational BrigadeNorth (MNB-N), it was renamed MultinationalTask Force North, December 1st, 2005. Today, with more than 2.500 soldiers, MNTF-Nis composed of seven contributing Nations.The MNTF N's Headquarter is based in NovoSelo/Maxhunaj.MNTF N's AOR which spreads over 2.000 km²,has an estimated population of about 200,000Kosovo-Albanians, 80,000 Kosovo-Serbs and5,000 from other ethnicities.

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MM ultinational Task Force Center(MNTF C) was previously known asMultinational Brigade Center (MNB

C). This formation was renamed on January 17th,2006. Its Headquarters is at Camp Ville inLipljan/Lipjan, having previously been in SlimLines in Pristina/Prishtine until 2004. At thesame time MNB C became the first formation tostart the transition into the present Task Forcestructure.MNTF C's Area of Responsibility (AOR) is2,240 km2. It consists of seven municipalities,which are Glogovac/Gllagoc, Lipljan/Lipjan,Stimlje/Shtime, Kosovo Polje/Fushe Kosove,Pristina/Prishtinë, Obilic/Obiliq and Podujevo/Podujeve. It contains a mixture of terrain,including valleys with urban centers and forestedmountain ridges.MNTF C's AOR has the highest population ofany Task Force, it is estimated that one millionpeople live there, which is approximately half thepopulation of Kosovo.The vast majority of the population is Kosovo-Albanian. However, there are also several areaswith Kosovo-Serbs and other minorities. In

Obilic/Obiliq municipality, for example,approximately 15 percent of the population isfrom minorities, while the areas Graca-nica/Gracanice, Caglavica/Cagllavice and Lip-ljan/Lipjan are considered Kosovo-Serbianenclaves.The Monastery in Gracanica/Gracanice is animportant center for the Kosovo-Serbs in theMNTF's AOR and accordingly it is a focus ofsignificant operational attention. Similarly, theGazimestan Monument and certain buildings inObilic/Obiliq, which house internally displacedpersons, are also of major operational interest.The main tasks for MNTF C are to maintain a

safe and secure environment for all, includingfreedom of movement, and the protection ofethnic minority communities.As a result MNTFC places a very high emphasis on its flexibility. Itlives by its motto "Ad Ultrumque Paratus",Ready for everything.

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TT he armed conflict in Kosovo came to animmediate end with the passage to theUnited Nations Security Council

Resolution 1244, on June 10th, 1999. It alsoprovided for international civil and securityforces to operate within the province, under UNauspices.That presence was immediately felt within thereaches of Multinational Task Force East; area ofresponsibility, as approximately 4,000 U.S.troops were part of the initial force. Thisincluded the 1,900 Marines of the 26th MarineExpeditionary Unit (MEU), 1,700 Army troopsfrom Task Force Hawk and 200 U.S. soldiersfrom Germany who stood up a Headquarters forU.S. forces.The U.S. forces within MNTF E, at that timewere referred to as Task Force Falcon, were builtaround the 1st Infantry Division's AssaultCommand Post and 2nd Brigade. The 13thTactical Group (Russian), 501st MechanizedInfantry Battalion (Greek), 18th Air AssaultBattalion (Polish), the 14th Squadron HelicopterDetachment and the 37th Support Company(Ukrainian), a composite platoon fromLithuania, and a composite battalion from theUnited Arab Emirates, completed the Brigade'sfirst operational forces. Besides the U.S. forces,

there were 830 Russian, 559 Polish, 429 Greek,240 Ukrainian, 30 Lithuanian, and 115 soldiersfrom the United Arab Emirates.The mission that MNTF E Soldiers perform is asvaried as the Soldiers themselves. Frompatrolling city streets and rural towns, providingmedical check-ups in remote villages,conducting patrols to cordon and searchoperations, MNTF E Soldiers are committed tofulfilling their role as peacekeepers.Among the many missions accomplished byMNTF E troops are: monitoring, verifying andenforcing the provisions of the MilitaryTechnical Agreement in order to provide a safeand secure environment; providing humanitarianassistance in support of the United Nations HighCommissioner for Refugees efforts; helpinglocal law enforcement agencies enforce basiclaw and order; and establishing and supportingthe resumption of core civil functions.The United States is the lead nation for MNTF Ewith more than 2300 soldiers, which also hasunits from Armenia, Greece, Lithuania, Poland,Romania and Ukraine.

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II t has been established on May 15, 2006.Alphabetically, Austria, Bulgaria,Germany, Switzerland and Turkey are the

seven contributing nations in MNTF S. AOR ofMNTF S includes the southern municipalities ofKosovo, covering 2004 km², which equals to18.5% of the overall area of Kosovo. Theborderlines stretch over a length of 297 km.The AOR comprises five municipalities, namely,Orahovac/Rahovec, Malisevo/Malishevë, SuvaReka/Suvarekë, Prizren/Prizrenj andDragas/Dragash and one pilot project, namelyMamusa/Mamushë . There is a total number of234 villages. The biggest city in the AOR ofMNTF S is Prizren. The population of the wholeAOR is estimated to be 480,000 (approx. 24% ofthe overall population of Kosovo).Multinationality is not only encountered insidethe headquarters of MNTF S, but also in themultitude of subordinate formations and units.During various framework and security

operations which are carried out within theentire AOR, soldiers from seven nationscooperate in harmony in order to render theircontribution to the preservation of a safe andsecure environment (SASE) and freedom ofmovement (FOM).The operational forces of the Task Force, the so-called Manoeuvre Battalions (ManBn) areorganized as follows: HQ MNTF S, which isbased at Camp Prizren/Prizren.Austrian Maneuver Battalion (ManBN Dulje),which is based at Camp Casablanca/Suva Reka.MAN BN Turkish Maneuver Battalion(ManBN Dragash), which is based at CampSultan Murat/Prizren and Camp SultanMultinational Aviation Battalion. All in all, five nations and more than 3,400soldiers render their contributions to accomplishthe mission of MNTF S - true to their motto:"One Team - One Mission".

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NNovember 12th, 2002, the Italian-ledMultinational Brigade West and the German-led Multinational Brigade South fused together

as Multinational Brigade Southwest (MNB SW), withan AOR of 42 percent of Kosovo. The first Brigadecommander was German. The headquarters was locatedin Prizren, with interchanging contingent commandersbetween Italians and Germans every year. On May 16,2006 MNB SW was divided into MNTF S and MNTFW. MNTF W established its Headquarters in VillaggioItalia (Pec/Peja).Currently, the AOR of MNTF W is divided into threeAORs of the Maneuver Task Forces (TF). In the westernarea of Pec/Peja, Decani/Decane and Dakovica/Gjakovamunicipalities, TF Aquila operates under Italiancommand supported by Romanian soldiers. In the north,TF Tizona is under Spanish command in themunicipality of Istok/Istog. In the eastern area ofPec/Peja and Klina/Kline municipalities, TF FALCOoperates under Italian command supported byHungarian and Slovenian soldiers. Apart from theManeuver Task Forces there are the Italian engineers ofTF ASTRO and the Spanish IEDD. TF Ercole is placedat Gjakova Airfield providing helicopters to MNTF W.TF Command, Control, Communications andComputers (C4) provides communications and

information systems (CIS) to MNTF W. TFPsychological Operations (PSYOPS) is another unitsupporting MNTF W.Overall, five nations and more than 3,200 soldierscurrently contribute to the mission of MNTF W. Thesecountries are Italy, Spain, Slovenia, Hungary andRomania.During the seven-year mission in Kosovo, severalmilitary bases have been established, some of which areVillaggio Italia and Hunter's House in Pec/Peja, BaseEspaña and Camp Osojane in Istok/Istog, Camp Spartain Decani/Decane and Dakovica Airfield inDakovica/Gjakova.Statistically, the AOR of MNTF W comprises 2,316km2, including five municipalities. Approximately450,000 inhabitants live in 442 cities and villages. Majorcities are Pec/Peja and Dakovica/Gjakova. Importantpatrimonial sites are the Patriarchate in Peja/Pec, themonastery in Decani/Decane, the monastery inGoriok/Gorock and the monastery inBudisavci/Budisallc.

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TT he MultinationalSpecialized Unit(MSU) is a police

force with military status,with an overall policecapability. The MSUHeadquarters is located inPristina/Prishtinë under theItalian Carabinieri Com-mand. The MSU has subs-tantial experience in figh-ting and combatting orga-nized crime and terrorism.It possesses human resou-rces and dedicated investi-

gative tools to analysesubversive and criminalorganizational structures.This Unit also provideprevention and repressionresources to be used as aKFOR asset and CRCtraining for other KFORassets and other bodies.The MSU is COMKFOR'smilitary specialized assetfor the management of lawenforcement and civildisturbance issues.

TT he KFOR Tactical Reserve maneuver Battalion (KTM) is a PortugueseBattalion since 2005, designed to quickly respond to potentialchanges of the security situation. It is under operational control of

COMKFOR, who can reassign its command relations asneeded to enhance specific mission success. It's tasks are:Relief or reinforce, conduct crowd control/public orderoperations, interdiction and anti-smuggling operations, force

multiplier.The Force is currently stationed at JubileeBarracks in the outskirts of

Pristina/Pristinë.

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TT he mission of theCOMMZ(S) is tofacilitate RECE-

PTION, STAGING and ONONWARD MOVEMENTthroughout its area ofresponsibilityTo accomplish the missionit:-Facilitates the Reception, Staging and Onward Movement (RSOM) of KFOR contingents.

-Receives , offloads and marshals personnel, equipment and material from home bases at ports of embarkation-debarkation.

-Stages Liaisons with Host Nation in the provisi-on of accommodation, messes and transports requirements whilst awaiting movement tofinal destinations.

- On Onward Movement - Plans and executes the

safe movement of per- sonnel, equipment and material from staging areas through Northern Greece to final destinations.

- Monitors KFOR move- ments within its area of responsibility.

TT he mission of TheHeadquarters Sup-port Group is to

provide Service Support toHQ KFOR and all of itscontingency operations.To accomplish the missionit:- Secures HQ KFOR

against external/internal threats

- Maintains order within HQ KFOR

- Ensures safe and secure access to HQ KFOR

- Maintains HQ KFOR infrastructure and

engineering services- Provides HQ KFOR

Firefighting service- Operates all HQ KFOR

Moral Welfare Activities- Provides transport

support to HQ KFOR- Manages the billeting of

all personnel in Film City

- Manages the In / Outp- rocessing

- Provides ID-Cards- Coordinates and su-

pervises activities of National Support Elements.

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II nside Film City there are a lot of resources like two dining facilities, and two gyms (oneNATO and one American gym) in which it is possible to practice every kind of sport frombasketball; volleyball; tennis; weight lifting and use the latest machines for fitness.

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Dakovica /Gjakovë -Hadum Mosque

Pristina /Prishtinë -Old Mosque

Prizren /Prizreni - Mosque

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Decane/Deçani Monastery

Letnica / Catholic Church

Letnica / Catholic Church

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Pristina/Prishtinë University Library

Mitrovica/Mitrovicë Austerlitz Bridge

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Pec/Peja -Rugova valley

Urosevac /Ferizaj - Monastery and Mosque

Prizren/Prizreni by night

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