key words (natural grammar)

8/18/2019 Key Words (Natural Grammar)

1/106

all1 determiner, predeterminer, pronoun

all1 S1 W1 /é:l $ ã:l/1 the whole of an amount, thing, or type of thing:

Have you done all your homework?all your life/all day/all year et !"during the whole of your life, a day, a year et#He had worked all hi life in the mine%&he 'oy played video game all day%&hey were (uarrellingall the time !"very often or ontinuouly#%Hannah didn)t ay a ingle word all the way 'ak home !"during the whole of the *ourney#%all of +lmot all of the mui wa from talian opera%)ve heard it all 'efore%She)d given up all hope of having a hild%

- every one of a num'er of people or thing, or every thing or peron of a partiulartype:Someone) taken all my 'ook.Will all the girl pleae tand over here%+ll hildren hould 'e taught to wim%1 per ent of all new ar old in Wetern 0urope thee day are dieelengined%&hey all peak e2ellent 0nglih%all of important hange that will affet all of u3 the only thing or thing:+ll you need i a hammer and ome nail%

+ll )m aking for i a little repet%4 formal everything:)m doing all an to help her% hope all i well with you%+ll wa dark and ilent down 'y the har'our wall%5 ued to emphai6e that you mean the greatet poi'le amount of the (uality youare mentioning:7an any of u ay in all honety that we did everything we ould? at all ued in negative tatement and (uetion to emphai6e what you are aying:&hey)ve done nothing at all to try and put the pro'lem right%He) not looking at all well%)8o you mind if tay a little longer?) )9o, not at all%)Ha the ituation improved at all? all ort/kind/type of omething many different kind of omething:Soial worker have to deal with all kind of pro'lem%; of all people/thing/plae et ued to emphai6e that your tatement i true of one partiular peron, thing, or plae more than any other:


2/106

> all in all ued to how that you are onidering every part of a ituation:+ll in all, it had 'een one of the mot miera'le day of Henry) life%1 for all omething in pite of a partiular fat:@or all hi fault, he) a kindhearted old oul%@or all my love of landape, nothing ould peruade me to pend another day in the

Highland%11 in all inluding every thing or peron:n all, there were -15 andidate%We reeived A155 in ah and promie of another A5, making A-- in all%1- and alla# inluding the thing or thing *ut mentioned:&hey ate the whole fih head, 'one, tail, and all% '# poken informal ued to emphai6e a remark that you have *ut added:+nd you an take that melly old oat out of here, and all.13 all of 5p/- minute et pokenued to emphai6e how large or mall an amountatually i:

&he game lated all of 5; eond%&he repair are going to ot all of A15,%14 it) all or nothing ued to ay that unle omething i done ompletely, it i notaepta'le:Halfheartedne won)t do it) got to 'e all or nothing%15 give your all to make the greatet poi'le effort in order to ahieve omething:&he oah e2pet every player to give their all in every game%1 it wa all ould do to do omething ued to ay that you only *ut ueeded indoing omething:t wa all ould do to top them hitting eah other%1 when all) aid and done pokenued to remind omeone a'out an important pointthat need to 'e onidered:When all) aid and done, he) only a kid%


3/106

all- adver'

all- S1 W11 Balway C ad*etive/adver'/prepoitionD ompletely:

it) all up !with ome'ody# informal Fritih 0nglih ued to ay thatomeone) ue or happine ha ended:f omeone tell the polie, then it)ll 'e all up with me%1 'e not all there informal omeone who i not all there eem tupid orlightly ra6y11 'e all mile/innoene/weetne et to 'e howing a lot of a partiular (uality ortype of 'ehaviour:


4/106

&he mayor and mayore were all mile and kie during the grand eremony%1- 'e all over ome'ody informal to 'e trying to ki omeone and touh them,epeially in a e2ual way:Fefore ould peak, he wa all over me%13 poken very:


5/106

and on*untion

and S1 W1 /Gnd, Gn trong Ind/1 ued to *oin two word, phrae et referring to thing that are related in ome

way:He) gone to get ome fih and hip%&he film tarred Jak Kemmon and Shirley =alaine%We)ve dealt with item one, two, and eleven%He wa tall, dark and handome%He play the guitar and ing folk ong%She didn)t peak to anyone and no'ody poke to her%- ued to ay that one ation or event follow another:Sit down and tell me all a'out it%She piked up the kitten and put it in the 'o2%He knoked on the door and went in%

ued 'etween repeated plural noun to ay that ome thing of a partiular kindare muh 'etter than other:


6/106

)&hey aid thi guy wa an e2pert%) )


7/106

any1 determiner, pronoun

an y1‧ S1 W1 /Leni/1 Buually in (uetion and negativeD ome or even the mallet amount or

num'er:Have you got any money?8o you need any further information?any of +re any of the painting for ale?&hey didn)t invite any of u%+re there any other (uetion?&hey haven)t hown any interetat all in my reearh%&he univeritie have hown few if any ign of a willingne to hange%- ued to refer to a peron or thing of a partiular type when what you are aying itrue of all people or thing of that type:

+ny hild who 'reak the rule will 'e punihed%+lway hek the detail arefully 'efore you ign any written agreement% an ee you any time on =onday%f an help in any way, let me know%any of


8/106

any- adver'

any- S- Buually in (uetion and negativeD1 ued 'efore the omparative form of an ad*etive to mean )even a mall amount):

an)t run any fater%+re you feeling any 'etter?- not any more/longer if omething doe not happen any more or any longer, it ued tohappen 'ut doe not happen now:Sarah doen)t live here any more%He wa told he wan)t wanted any longer%3 +merian 0nglih poken ued with a ver' to mean )at all):We tried talking to him 'ut that didn)t help any%


9/106

a1 prepoition, adver'

a1 S1 W1 /M6 trongI6/1 ued when you are omparing two people, thing, ituation et

a %%% a&om) not a old a you, i he?an old woman with hair a white a nowSome of the dotor are paid almot twie a muh a the nure%We work a hard a any other team in 0ngland%Eleae let me know your deiion a oon a poi'le !"a oon a you an#%Hi lat al'um old half a million opie and we hope thi one will 'e *ut a!"e(ually# popular%- ued to ay what *o', duty, ue, or appearane omeone or omething ha:+ a parent, feel that more hould 'e done to protet our hildren%+ flat tone wa ued a a ta'le%

8ad dreed up a Santa 7lau%3 ued to ay what omeone think or ay a peron or thing i:&he pro'lem i regarded a eriou%&he reult of lat week) eletion will 'e een a a vitory for the rightwing government%He) deri'ed a 'eing in hi late teen, tall, and of lim 'uild%4 when omeone wa in a partiular age group:+ a young man, 0liot had tudied art in Eari%)ll take you to all the plae loved a a girl%N uh a at uh !-# N a one at one- !1#WOP8 7HO70: WOP8 7HO70:

a, like, a if Qe a in omparion in the e2preion a %%% a, with an ad*etive oradver' in 'etween R Faket'all i a popular a foot'all here% R He an)t read a wella hi lamate%a i alo ued in the e2preion not o %%%% a and the ame !%%%# a

R wouldn)t go o far a that% R He i the ame age a me% Qe like inomparion followed 'y a noun R + movie i not like a 'ook !9O& not a a 'ook#%

R Kike other people !9O& a other people#, he value hi privay% Qe a if followed 'y a laue to ompare a real ituation with an imaginary ituationR He talked to them a if they were hildren%.. Some people ue like in thi

ort of omparion R &hey at like they own the plae% t i 'etter not to do thi amany people think it i inorret%..a if annot 'e followed diretly 'y a noun R


10/106

a- on*untion

a- S1 W11 ued in omparion

a %%% a&hey want peae a muh a we do%Helen ome to viit me a often a he an% an)t run a fat a ued to%- in the way that omeone ay or that omething happen, or in the onditionomething i in:8o a ay.We)d 'etter leave thing a they are until the polie arrive%&he money wa repaid, a promied%He did not need to keep moving houe, a hi father had%Po'erta wa late a uual !"in the way that he uually wa#%

3 ued to ay that what you are aying i already known or ha 'een tated 'efore:8avid, a you know, ha not 'een well lately%+ e2plained on the phone, your re(uet will 'e onidered at the ne2t meeting%+ 9apoleon one aid, attak i the 'et method of defene%4 while or when: aw Eeter a wa getting off the 'u%+ time paed, thing eemed to get wore%Jut a the two men were leaving, a meage arrived%5 ued to tate why a partiular ituation e2it or why omeone doe omething:+ it wa getting late, turned around to tart for home%We aked Ehilip to ome with u, a he knew the road% though:Qnlikely a it might eem, )m tired too%&ry a he might, Sue ouldn)t get the door open%+ popular a he i, the Ereident han)t alway managed to have hi own way% a for ome'ody/omething ued when you are tarting to talk a'out omeone oromething new that i onneted with what you were talking a'out 'efore:Titty) got o thin% +nd a for 7arl, he alway eem to 'e ill%


11/106

)8on)t try any funny 'uine, now%) )+ if would%)+ if. poken informal:He aked if )d go out with him% + if. !"it i e2tremely unlikely that would go out withhim#N ee uage note a1

1 it) not a if ued to ay that omething annot 'e the e2planation for a ituation oromeone) 'ehaviour 'eaue it i not true:Why do they never go on holiday? mean it) not a if they)re poor i it? don)t know why you)re o frightened of her, it) not a if he) got any power over you%11 a it ia# 'eaue of the ituation that atually e2it ued when that ituation i different fromwhat you e2peted or need:&hey hoped to finih the kithen 'y @riday, 'ut a it i they)ll pro'a'ly have to ome 'ak ne2t week% '# already:Jut keep (uiet you)re in enough trou'le a it i%

1- a from/of omething tarting from a partiular time or date and ontinuing:+ from today, you are in harge of the offie%+ of now, there will 'e no more paid overtime%13 a againt omething in omparion with omething:Erofit thi year are $-%5 million a againt $4 million lat year%14 a to omethinga# onerning:@rank wa very unertain a to whether it wa the right *o' for him%advie a to whih upplier to approahHe kept hi rival gueing a to hi real intention% '# formal ued when you are tarting to talk a'out omething new that i onnetedwith what you were talking a'out 'efore:+ to our future plan, think need only ay that the ompany intend to e2pand at ateady rate%15 a it were ued when deri'ing omeone or omething in a way that i not (uitee2at:Jim Padliffe 'eame our idol, a it were, the man we all wanted to 'e%1 a i/wa/doe et formal ued to add that what you have aid i alo true of omeoneor omething ele:0ve) very tall, a wa her mother% voted Ka'our, a did my wife%1 a you do Fritih 0nglih pokenin the way that people uually do omethingor how they normally 'ehave often ued humorouly 'y people after they havementioned doing omething trange or unuual:We talked, e2hanged email addree and phone num'er, a you do on plane% wa driving a @errari through town yeterday a you do when aw an oldhoolfriend outide the inema%


12/106

ak1 ver'

ak1 S1 W1 /V:k $ Ik/1(uetion Bintranitive and tranitiveDto peak or write to omeone in order to get an

anwer, information, or a olution:)What) your name?) he aked%8on)t ak him he won)t know%&hat kid) alway aking awkward (uetion%ak who/what/where et aked him where he lived%ak ome'ody omethingWe)ll have to ak omeone the way to the tation%ak ome'ody if/whether Uo and ak &om whether he) oming tonight%ak !ome'ody# a'out omething

iitor uually ak a'out the hitory of the atle%ak around !"ak in a lot of plae or ak a lot of people#)ll ak around, ee if an find you a plae to tay%-for help/advie et Bintranitive and tranitiveD to make a re(uet for help, advie,information et:f you need anything, you only have to ak%ak ome'ody to do omething+k John to mail thoe letter tomorrow%ak to do omethingTaren aked to ee the dotor%ak for Some people find it diffiult to ak for help%ak ome'ody for omethingHe repeatedly aked Failey for the report%ak !ome'ody# if/whether you an do omething+k your mom if you an ome with u%ak thatWa it too muh to ak that he 'e allowed ome privay?3prie BtranitiveD to want a partiular amount of money for omething you areelling:How muh i he aking?ak $5/$1, et for omethingHe) aking A-, for hi ar%&hey)re aking a fortune for that houe%4invite Btranitive uually C adver'/prepoitionD to invite omeone to your home, togo out with you etak ome'ody to do omethingKet) ak them to have dinner with u ome time%ak ome'ody out !"ak omeone, epeially omeone of the oppoite e2, to go to a film,a retaurant et with you#


13/106

Jerry) too ared to ak her out%ak ome'ody in !"invite omeone into your houe, offie et#8on)t leave them tanding on the doortep ak them in.ak ome'ody over/round !"invite omeone to ome to your home#We mut ak our new neigh'our over for a drink%

5demand BtranitiveD if you ak omething of omeone, you want them to do it for you:t would 'e 'etter if he ooperated, 'ut perhap )m aking too muh%ak omething of ome'ody poken don)t ak me ued to ay you do not know the anwer to omething:)Where) he gone then?) )8on)t ak me.)1 poken don)t ak ued to ay that omething i too em'arraing or trange toe2plain:)What wa that woman elling?) )8on)t ak%)11 poken 'e aking for it ued to ay that omeone deerve omething 'adthat happen to them:t) hi own fault he got hit he wa aking for it%1- 'e ome'ody) for the aking informal if omething i your for the aking,you an have it if you want it:&he *o' wa her for the aking%WOP8 @O7QS: ak WOP8 @O7QS: ak re(uetto offiially ak for omethingonultto ak omeone for adviedemand to ak for omething very forefullynag/peter to keep aking for omething many time, in an annoying way 'eg/plead to ak for omething in an an2iou or urgent way, 'eaue you want it verymuh(uetion/interrogate to ak omeone (uetion ued epeially a'out the polie or thearmygrill informal to ak omeone a lot of diffiult (uetionroe2amine to ak omeone (uetion in ourt ued a'out lawyer poll to ak a lot of people for their opinion a'out omethingak after ome'ody phraal ver'if you ak after omeone, you want to know whether they are well, what they are doinget: poke to Jame today% He wa aking after you%ak for ome'ody phraal ver'if you ak for omeone, you want to peak to them:


14/106

&here) omeone at the door aking for 8ad%WOP8 7HO70: WOP8 7HO70:

ay, tell, give, ak


15/106

ak- noun

ak-a 'ig ak a ituation in a port ompetition when omeone need to get a lot of

point or do omething very diffiult in order to win :We need to win the ne2t three game% t) a 'ig ak, 'ut )m onfident we an do it%

at prepoition

at S1 W1 /at trong It/1 ued to ay e2atly where omething or omeone i, or where omething happen:&hey live at 1; itoria Street%8oe thi train top at Ereton?

wa waiting at the 'u top%Ki6 and her friend at down at a orner ta'le%&urn left at the hurh%We)ll meet at Harry) !"at Harry) houe#% pent an unpleaant hour at the dentit)%8ad) at work !"in the plae where he work#%at the top/'ottom/end et !of omething#+t the top of the tair, he paued%- ued to ay what event or ativity omeone i taking part in: met my wife at a dio%&he matter wa diued at a meeting of the finane ommittee%)m orry, Eam) at lunh *ut now%3 ued to ay that omeone i tudying omewhere regularly: Jeia till at hool?Hulme wa a tudent at O2ford in the 1>%4 ued to ay e2atly when omething happen:&he film tart at ; o)lok%5 during a partiular period of time:=y hu'and often work at night%We go to =idnight =a at 7hritma% ued to ay whih thing or peron an ation i direted toward or intended for:He ga6ed up at the ky%


16/106

; ued to ay whih u'*et or ativity you are talking a'out when you ay whetheromeone i kilful, ueful et or not:Far'ara) getting on really well at her new *o'%good/'ad et at !doing# omething)ve alway 'een good at math%

=att) 'ad at handling people%He) an e2pert at making thing out of *unk%> ued to ay that omeone or omething i in a partiular tate:two nation at war =any hildren are till at rik from neglet or a'ue%1 ued to how a prie, rate, level, age, peed et:old 'ook elling at 1 ent eah


17/106

holiday period, meaning the few day around the holiday R at 0ater R at 8iwali withweekend, in Fritih 0nglih R See you at the weekend. R +t weekend we go out% Qe in

with part of the day R in the morning R in the evening R neverwath & in the daytime% with month, eaon, year, enturie R in =ay R inummertime R in -4R in the -1t entury Qe on with date and peifi day R on

->th July R on &ueday afternoon R on the lat day of term with weekend, in+merian 0nglih R We ometime go there on weekend%&alking a'out poition and plae Qe at with partiular poition or plae R at the end of the orridor R at the 'ak of the room R at the orner of the treet to mean )ne2t to) or )'eide) R She at at her dek% R He topped me at the door% with word for 'uilding, for e2ample airport,univerity, retaurant, art gallery R at the airport R at the Kyeum theatre withity or plae name, when you are talking a'out topping during a *ourney R 8oe thitrain top at Watford?.. FQ& otherwie ue in ee 'elow Qe in with a poitionor plae, when omething or omeone i inide a larger thing uh a a room R in the 'ath R in the kithen R in the garden R in the doorwaywith itie, ountie, tate, andountrie R When will you arrive in &okyo? R He live in Uermany% R She)

working in 7alifornia%with the name of (uare, pla6a et R in &ime S(uare Qe onwith a poition or plae, when one thing i attahed to or touhing another R a poton the end of her noeR a *aket on the 'ak of a hair with treet name R onthe High Street R on 4-nd Street R on Froadway


18/106

'ak1 adver'

'ak1 S1 W1 /'Ik/1return to plae in, into, or to the plae or poition where omeone or omething

wa 'efore:)ll 'e 'ak in a minute%Eut that 'ook 'ak where you found it. 'ak in/to/into etPory plugged the a'le 'ak into the oket% feel like going 'ak to 'ed%go/get/head et 'ak We ought to try and get 'ak 'efore it get dark%He wa'ak home 'y halfpat eleven%t) poi'le to travel there and 'ak in a day%-a 'efore in or into the ondition or ituation you were in 'efore:

Uary woke at 4am and ouldn)t get 'ak to leep%t took me a long time to get my onfidene 'ak%f you deide to marry him, there will 'e no going 'ak !"you will not 'e a'le to get 'ak to your previou ituation#%go/get 'ak to !doing# omething&here) no way )m going 'ak to 'eing poor%t)ll take a while for thing to get 'ak to normal%3previou plae in or to a plae where you lived or worked 'efore 'ak in/atShe wa the one who had fired him from hi firt *o' 'ak in South +fria% 'ak home !"in the plae that you ome from and think of a your home#t reminded me of evening 'ak home%4'akward in the oppoite diretion from the way you are faing BX forwardD:He glaned 'ak at the houe%Tirov tepped 'ak a pae%She tilted her head 'ak to look at him%5reply/reation if you do omething 'ak, you do it a a reply or reation to whatomeone ha aid or done:7an all you 'ak later?)ll pay you 'ak on @riday%)9o, thank.) he houted 'ak%f he hit you, you *ut hit him 'ak%return omething to ome'ody if you give omething, get omething et 'ak, youreturn it to the peron who firt had it or you have it returned to you:7an we have our 'all 'ak, pleae? want all my 'ook 'ak a oon a you)ve finihed with them%Uive me 'ak that letter. t) none of your 'uine.in the pat in or toward a time in the pat:a pile of newpaper dating 'ak to the 1>+ lot of emotional pro'lem an 'e traed 'ak to hildhood%


19/106

Kooking 'ak on it, hould have known he wa unhappy%+t time, think 'ak to my life in =oow% 'ak in&he houe wa 'uilt 'ak in 1-35%three year/two month et 'ak !"three year ago et#

Hi wife died a ouple of year 'ak%He alled me a while 'ak%;again one again:Uo 'ak over your work to hek for any mitake%Kiverpool were 'ak level again two minute later with a uper' goal%> it/lie/lean 'ak to it or lie in a omforta'le rela2ed way:Sit 'ak, rela2, and en*oy the how.1away away from a urfae, peron, or thing:She pulled the 'andage 'ak very arefully%Her hair wa 'ruhed 'ak from her fae%&he woman nodded and tood 'ak, allowing Eatrik to enter%

11 'ak and forth going in one diretion and then in the oppoite diretion, andrepeating thi everal time:We travel 'ak and forth all the time 'etween 7anada and 0ngland%He wa paing 'ak and forth%1- toward 'eginning toward the 'eginning of a 'ook, tape, doument et:&urn 'ak to the ummarie at the end of etion 1%5%Wind the tape 'ak to the 'eginning%7liking on the ion will take you 'ak to the previou we' page%


20/106

Kanguage: Old 0nglihOrigin: 'I

'ak- noun

'ak- S1 W1 Bounta'leD1part of your 'odya# HFHHF+ the part of the 'ody 'etween the nek and leg, on the oppoite ide to thetomah and het:&he at arhed it 'ak and hied%=y feet were ore and my 'ak wa ahing%Teep your head up and your 'ak traight%&o avoid 'ak pro'lem, alway 'end your knee when you lift heavy o'*et%He lay on hi 'ak and ga6ed at the eiling%

Johnny wa lying flat on hi 'ak in the middle of the floor%+nna tood with her 'ak to the window%on ome'ody) 'ak !"arried on omeone) 'ak#&he girl appeared again, now with a little 'a'y on her 'ak% '# the 'one 'etween your nek and the top of your leg B" pineD:He 'roke hi 'ak in a motor'ike aident%-not at front Buually ingularD the part of omething that i furthet from the frontBX frontD:a &hirt with a piture of a nake on the 'ak 'ak of He kied her on the 'ak of her head%Her window faed the 'ak of the houe%in the 'ak !of omething# !"ued epeially a'out the 'ak of a vehile#&wo men were itting in the 'ak of the ar%at the 'ak !of omething#a mall hop with an offie at the 'ak in 'ak !of omething# +merian 0nglih !"in or at the 'ak of omething#Tid hould alway wear eat'elt even in 'ak%out 'ak +merian 0nglih !"'ehind a houe or other 'uilding#&om) working on the ar out 'ak%round/out the 'ak Fritih 0nglih !"'ehind a houe or 'uilding#Have you looked round the 'ak?3le important ide Buually ingularD the le important ide or urfae ofomething uh a a piee of paper or ard BX frontD:Eaul ri''led hi addre on the 'ak of an envelope%&he redit are lited on the 'ak of the al'um%48H@part of eat the part of a eat that you lean againt when you are itting 'ak of He reted hi arm on the 'ak of the ofa%


21/106

5&79'ook/newpaper Buually ingularD the lat page of a 'ook or newpaper BXfrontDat the 'ak !of#&he port page are uually at the 'ak%in the 'ak !of#

&he anwer are in the 'ak of the 'ook% at/in the 'ak of your mind a thought that i at the 'ak of your mind i one you try toignore 'eaue you do not want it to 'e true:+t the 'ak of her mind wa the thought that he might 'e with omeone ele% put/puh omething to the 'ak of your mindHe tried to puh thee unomforta'le thought to the 'ak of hi mind% 'ak to 'ak a# with the 'ak toward eah other:Stand 'ak to 'ak and we)ll ee who) tallet% '# happening immediately one after the other:a ouple of 'ak to 'ak win for the team

N 'akto'ak1; 'ak to frontFritih 0ngliha# in an inorret poition o that what hould 'e at the 'ak i at the front: 'ehind ome'ody) 'ak if you do omething 'ehind omeone) 'ak, you do itwithout them knowing: don)t like the idea of the two of them talking a'out me 'ehind my 'ak% hould have reali6ed that he)d go 'ehind my 'ak !"do omething withouttelling me#%1 when/while ome'ody) 'ak i turned if omething happen when your 'ak iturned, it happen when you are not a'le to ee or know what omeone i doing:What are your kid are up to when your 'ak i turned?11 get/put ome'ody) 'ak up Fritih 0nglih informal to annoyomeone:Simone wa the kind of peron who wa alway putting people) 'ak up%1- get !ome'ody# off ome'ody) 'ak poken to top annoying omeone with a lotof (uetion, ritiim et or to make omeone top annoying you in thi way:=ay'e the only way to get him off my 'ak i to tell him the truth%8o me a favour and get off my 'ak.13 'e on ome'ody) 'ak poken to 'e trying to make omeone do omething they donot want to do:Why are you and 8ad alway on my 'ak?14 on the 'ak of omething a a reult of omething that already e2it or omethingyou have already done:&he ompany hould 'e a'le to generate 'uine on the 'ak of e2iting ontrat%15 on the 'ak of ome'ody uing the work of a partiular group to ahieve omethingthat they will not get any advantage from:


22/106

0onomi properity wa won on the 'ak of the ur'an poor%18Sport a defending player in a port team B" defenderD1 the 'ak of 'eyond informal a plae that i a long way from other plae and idiffiult to get to:t) a nie little ottage 'ut it really i in the 'ak of 'eyond%

1; 'e !flat# on your 'ak a# to 'e lying on your 'ak ued to emphai6e that omeone eem unlikely to get upoon:He wa drunk and flat on hi 'ak on the treet% '# to 'e o ill that you annot get out of 'ed:&heir 'et player wa flat on hi 'ak in hopital%# if a 'uine, ountry, eonomy et i on it 'ak, it i not ueful:&he QT market wa flat on it 'ak%1> put your 'ak into it informal to work e2tremely hard at omething:f we really put our 'ak into it, we ould finih today%- 'e glad/delighted/pleaed et to ee the 'ak of ome'ody/omething to 'e happy

that omeone i leaving or 'eaue you no longer have to deal with omething: 9o, )m not too upet that he left in fat, wa glad to ee the 'ak of him% an)t wait to ee the 'ak of thi pro*et, an tell you !" will 'e happy when itend#%-1 have your 'ak to/againt the wallinformal to 'e in a diffiult ituation with nohoie a'out what to do-- at your 'ak a# 'ehind you:&hey had the wind at their 'ak a they et off% '# upporting you:7aear marhed into Pome with an army at hi 'ak%-3 on your 'ak informal not polite if omeone ahieve omething ontheir 'ak, they ahieve it 'y having e2 with omeone-4 high'aked/traight'aked/low'aked et8H@with a high, traight, low et 'ak:a high'aked hair


23/106

'ak3 ver'

'ak3 S- W31upport Btranitive uually paiveD

a# to upport omeone or omething, epeially 'y giving them money or uing yourinfluene:&he heme ha 'een 'aked 'y everal ma*or ompanie in the region%Some upeted that the re'ellion wa 'aked and finaned 'y the QS%government'aked loan '# alo 'ak up to upport an idea 'y providing fat, proof et:Hi laim are not 'aked 'y any ientifi evidene%-move 'akward Bintranitive alway C adver'/prepoition, tranitiveD to move 'akward, or make omeone or omething move 'akward 'ak into/out of/away from etShe 'aked into a doorway to let the rowd pa 'y%

'ak ome'ody into/toward/out of et omethingHe 'egan to 'ak her toward the open door% 'ak omething into/toward/out of et omething 'aked the ar into the garage%3put omething on the 'ak Btranitive uually paiveD to put a material or u'taneonto the 'ak of omething, in order to protet it or make it tronger:Fak the photo with ard'oard%a plati'aked hower urtain4'e 'ehind omething Btranitive uually paiveD to 'e at the 'ak of omething or 'ehind it:&he Jandia Eeninula i a treth of white and 'aked 'y a mountain range%5mui Btranitive uually paiveD+E= to play or ing the mui that upport themain inger or muiian:&hey performed all their hit, 'aked 'y a 4piee orhetra%rik money BtranitiveD8UU to rik money on whether a partiular hore, dog, team etwin omething 'ak the wrong hore to upport omeone or omething that i not ueful 'ak away phraal ver'1 to move 'akward and away from omething, epeially 'eaue you arefrightened 'ak away fromShe 'aked away from the menaing look on hi fae%- to top upporting a plan or idea, or top 'eing involved in omething 'ak away from&he government ha 'aked away from it nulear weapon trategy% 'ak down phraal ver'to admit that you are wrong or that you have lot an argument:Foth ide have refued to 'ak down% 'ak off phraal ver'1 to move 'akward, away from omeone or omething:


24/106

She 'aked off and then turned and ran%- to top telling omeone what to do, or top ritii6ing them, epeially o that theyan deal with omething themelve: think you hould 'ak off for a while%Fak off, =ar. Ket me run my own life.

3 to top upporting omething, or deide not to do omething you were planning todo:Jerry 'aked off when he reali6ed how muh work wa involved% 'ak off from&he ompany ha 'aked off from inveting new money% 'ak onto omething phraal ver'if a 'uilding 'ak onto omething, it 'ak fae it:&he hotel 'ak onto St =ark) S(uare% 'ak out phraal ver'to deide not to do omething that you had promied to do:t) too late to 'ak out now%

+fter you)ve igned the ontrat, it will 'e impoi'le to 'ak out% 'ak out of &he government i trying to 'ak out of it ommitment to redue pollution% 'ak up phraal ver'1 'ak ome'ody/omething Y up to ay or how that what omeone i aying i true:Jane would 'ak me up if he were here%&here) no evidene to 'ak up hi auation%&hee theorie have not 'een 'aked up 'y reearh%- 'ak ome'ody/omething Y up to provide upport or help for omeone oromething:&he plan) ue depend on how vigorouly the Q9 will 'ak it up with ation%&he polie offier are 'aked up 'y e2tra team of people at the weekend%N 'akup3&8&8 to make a opy of information tored on a omputer:=ake ure you 'ak up% 'ak omething Y up&hee devie an 'ak up the whole ytem% 'ak omething Y up onto omethingFak all your file up onto floppy dik%N 'akup4&&7 epeially +merian 0nglih to make a vehile move 'akward:&he truk topped and then 'aked up% 'ak omething Y up 'aked the ar up a little%5 to move 'akward:Fak up a 'it o that everyone an ee%N 'akup if traffi 'ak up, it form a long line of vehile that annot move:&he traffi wa tarting to 'ak up in 'oth diretion%


25/106

if a toilet, ink et 'ak up, it 'eome 'loked o that water annot flow outof it


26/106

'ak4 ad*etive

'ak4 S- W3 Bonly 'efore nounD1 at or in the 'ak of omething BX frontD:


27/106

'e1 au2iliary ver'

'e1 S1 W1 /'i trong 'i:/ pat tene wa, were, pat partiiple 'een, preent

partiiple 'eing firt peron ingular am eond peron ingular and pluralarethird peron ingular i1 ued with a preent partiiple to form the ontinuou !4# tene of ver':8on)t ditur' me while )m working%Uemma wa reading%&hey)ve 'een aking a lot of (uetion%&hat guy) alway auing trou'le%We)ll 'e tarting in a'out an hour%He in)t leaving, i he?- ued with pat partiiple to form thepaive:Smoking i not permitted%

wa told a'out it yeterday%&he houe i 'eing painted%She) 'een invited to a party%&he flame ould 'e een everal mile away%&he polie hould have 'een informed a'out thi%3 'e to do omething formala# ued to talk a'out arrangement for the future:+udrey and Jimmy are to 'e married in June%&wo men are to appear in ourt on harge of armed ro''ery% '# ued to give an order or to tell omeone a'out a rule:


28/106

Were we to offer you the *o', would you take it? '# ued in onditional entene to introdue an aim when you are aying whatmut 'e done in order to ahieve itif ome'ody/omething i to do omethingf we are to ueed in thi enterprie, we hall need to plan everything very arefully%

old ueued intead of )have) to form the perfet3 tene of ome ver':&he hour i ome%


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Kanguage: Old 0nglihOrigin: 'eon

'e- ver'

'e- S1 W11 Blinking ver'D ued to ay that omeone or omething i the ame a the u'*et of the entene:=y name i Suan%&hee are my favourite piture%He) my 'rother%&he pro'lem i finding the time to get thing done%Our aim wa to redue the num'er of aident%- Bintranitive alway C adver'/prepoitionD ued to ay where omething or omeone i:

Jane) uptair%+re my key in the drawer?&he prinipal) in hi offie%How long ha he 'een here?3 Bintranitive alway C adver'/prepoitionD ued to ay when omething happen:&he onert wa lat night%&he party i on Saturday%4 Blinking ver'D ued to deri'e omeone or omething, or ay what group or typethey 'elong to:&he ky wa grey%Spider are not really inet%=r 7ardew wa a tall thin man%She want to 'e a dotor when he leave hool%Her dre wa pure ilk%)m not ready yet%5 there i/are ued to ay that omething e2it or happen:&here) a hole in your trouer%&here wa a loud e2ploion%) thought there wa going to 'e a party%) )9o, there in)t%) there a pro'lem? Blinking ver'D to 'ehave in a partiular way:He wa *ut 'eing rude%8on)t 'e illy% Blinking ver'D ued to talk a'out the prie of omething:


30/106

)How muh are the melon?) )&he 'ig one are A- eah%)1 Blinking ver'D to 'e e(ual to a partiular num'er or amount:3- divided 'y ; i 4%11 'e that a it may formal ued to ay that even though you aept that omething itrue, it doe not hange a ituation:

)He wa only *oking%) )Fe that a it may, illy remark like that an do a lot of harm%)1- BintranitiveD formal to e2it:What wa one a great and powerful empire ha effetively eaed to 'e%13 'e yourelf to 'ehave in a natural way, rather than trying to pretend to 'e different:8on)t try too hard *ut 'e yourelf%14 not 'e yourelf to 'e 'ehaving in a way that i unuual for you, epeially 'eaueyou are ill or upet:Sorry )m not myelf thi morning%15 the 'eall and endall the mot important part of a ituation or of omeone) lifethe 'eall and endall of @or Jim, making money wa the 'eall and endall of hi *o'%

Kanguage: Old 0nglihOrigin: ge'eon

'een

'een /'i:n, 'Zn $ 'Zn/12ref the pat partiiple of 'e-a# ued to ay that omeone ha gone to a plae and ome 'ak 'een to)ve never 'een to Japan%have 'een to do omethingHave you 'een to ee the an Uogh e2hi'ition yet? '# Fritih 0nglih ued to ay that omeone ha ome to a plae and left again:&he potman han)t 'een yet%3 'een there, een that, done that poken ued to ay that you are no longer interetedin doing omething, 'eaue you already have a lot of e2periene of itWOP8 7HO70: WOP8 7HO70:

'een in, 'een to, went to Qe 'een in when you are living or taying in a plaeR How long have you 'een in Kondon? R He had 'een in hopital for everal day%Qe 'een to when you have viited a plae and ome 'ak again R Have you


31/106

ever 'een to Tyoto? R She) 'een to the hopital for a hekup% Qe went to !theimple pat# to talk a'out a peifi trip you made in the pat R Kat =ay went to aonferene in =ontreal%

'eing1 ver'

'e ing1 /L'i:Z[/ Blinking ver'D‧12ref the preent partiiple of 'e

- ued to give the reaon for omething:Feing a (uiet ort of peron, didn)t want to get involved%


32/106

'ut1 on*untion

'ut1 S1 W1 /'Mt trong '\t/1 ued to onnet two tatement or phrae when the eond one add omethingdifferent or eem urpriing after the firt one:t) an old ar, 'ut it) very relia'le%&hey ruhed to the hopital, 'ut they were too late%We)ve invited the 'o, 'ut he may deide not to ome%an e2penive 'ut e2tremely ueful 'ook )Ha he got any e2periene?) )9o, 'ut he) keen to learn%)- ued to introdue a tatement that e2plain why the thing you have mentioned didnot happen or i not poi'le:

)d like to go 'ut )m too 'uy%&hey would have married ooner, 'ut they had to wait for her divore%3 ued after a negative to emphai6e that it i the eond part of the entene that itrue:He lied to the ourt not *ut one, 'ut on everal oaion%&he purpoe of the heme i not to help the employer 'ut to provide work for young people%4 e2ept:What an we do 'ut it and wait? had no hoie 'ut to aept the hallenge% 9ot a day goe 'y 'ut think of dear old Karry !" think of him every day#%5 'ut for a# ued when you are aying that omething would have happened if omething oromeone ele had not prevented it:Fut for thee interruption, the meeting would have finihed earlier%&he ore ould have 'een higher 'ut for ome e2ellent goalkeeping 'y Simon% might never have got to univerity 'ut for you% '# e2ept for omething or omeone:+ll wa ilent 'ut for the ound of the wind in the tree% 'ut then !again# pokena# ued when you are adding a tatement that ay almot the oppoite of what you have *ut aid:John might 'e ready to help u, 'ut then again, he might not%


33/106

)&hey won)t even diu the pro'lem%) )Fut how tupid.); ome'ody annot 'ut do omethingformal ued to ay that omeone ha to doomething or annot top themelve from doing it: ould not 'ut admire her%> poken ued when diagreeing with omeone:

)t wa a good idea%) )Fut it didn)t work%)1 poken ued to emphai6e a word or tatement:t)ll 'e a great party everyone, 'ut everyone, i oming%&hey)re rih, 'ut mean rih%11 pokenued to hange the u'*et of a onveration:Fut now to the main (uetion%Fut tell me, are you really planning to retire?1- poken ued after e2preion uh a )e2ue me) and ))m orry):02ue me, 'ut )m afraid thi i a nomoking area%

'ut- prepoition

'ut- S- W31 apart from B" e2eptD: ould ome any day 'ut &hurday%&here) no one here 'ut me% ould till ee nothing 'ut the piral of deert dut%He wa una'le to wallow anything 'ut li(uid%- the lat 'ut one/the ne2t 'ut two etepeially Fritih 0nglih the lat or ne2t thingor peron e2ept for one, two et:Eauline and 8erek live in the ne2t houe 'ut one !"they live two houe away from u#%

'ut3 adver'

'ut3 S- W3


34/106

only:&hi i 'ut one e2ample of what an happen when thing go 'adly wrong%t) going to 'e diffiult% +nyway, we an 'ut try%We have relationhip of many different ort with our hildren, our parent, our 'oand our friend, to name 'ut a few%

'ut4 noun

'ut4 /'\t/

'ut BpluralD poken reaon that omeone give for not doing omething or agreeingwith omething:) don)t want to hear any 'ut,) Jo napped%He i the 'et player no if, and, or 'ut a'out that%

'y1 prepoition

'y1 S1 W1 /'aZ/1who/what doe omething ued epeially with a paivever' to ay who orwhat doe omething or make omething happen: wa attaked 'y a dog%a hurh deigned 'y the famou arhitet, Sir 7hritopher WrenWe are all alarmed 'y the rie in violent rime%interferene 'y the tate in the affair of the 7hurhhi appointment 'y the FF7 a a produer -mean/method ued to ay what mean or method omeone ue to do omething:


35/106

He wa taken from hi home 'y fore%3road/door ued to ay whih road, entrane, door et omeone ue to get to a plae:&hey ame in 'y the 'ak door%t) (uiker to go 'y the ountry route%4taking hold ued to ay whih part of an o'*et or of a peron) 'ody omeone

take hold of:He took 0laine 'y the arm and led her aro the road%She gra''ed the hammer 'y the handle%5writer/ompoer et ued to give the name of omeone who wrote a 'ook, produed afilm, wrote a piee of mui et:the )9ew World Symphony) 'y 8vorak a hort tory 'y 7harle 8ikenWho) it 'y?'eide 'eide or near omething:She tood 'y the window%Jane went and at 'y Eatrik%

pat pat omeone or omething without topping:He walked right 'y me without even aying hello% pa 'y the farm every day on my way to work%;'efore 'efore or not later than a partiular time:&he doument need to 'e ready 'y ne2t @riday% rekon the film hould 'e over 'y >%3%Fy the end of the day we had old over - tiket%Fy the time we got home we were tired and hungry%>aording to aording to a partiular rule, method, or way of doing thing:


36/106

We walked through the palae garden 'y moonlight%1 'y day/night during the day or the night:a tour of Eari 'y night1*o'/nature et ued when you are giving information a'out omeone) harater, *o', origin et:

Ueorge and Ueorge were Uerman 'y 'irth%7autiou 'y nature, Simpkin wa relutant to interfere%Po'ert Tey wa a teaher 'y profeion%1;viiting in order to viit a peron or plae for a hort time:On the way, topped 'y the pot offie%1> !all# 'y yourelf a# ompletely alone:8ave pent 7hritma all 'y himelf% '# without help from anyone:


37/106

'y- S1 W11 pat omeone or omething:+ wa tanding on the platform, the Kiverpool train went whi66ing 'y%Jame walked 'y without even looking in my diretion%- ued to ay that time pae:

+ the ummer day lipped 'y, it wa eay to forget a'out the war%&en year had gone 'y ine had lat een =arilyn%3 'eide or near omeone or omething:+ rowd of people were tanding 'y, waiting for an announement%4 in order to viit a peron or plae for a hort time:Why don)t you top 'y for a drink after work?5 'y and large ued when making a general tatement:Fy and large, the new arrangement have worked well% 'y and 'y old ueoon:She will 'e 'etter 'y and 'y%

an1 modal ver'

an1 S1 W1 /kMn trong kIn/ negative hort form an)t1a'ility to 'e a'le to do omething or to know how to do omething:


38/106

5eeing/hearing et ued with the ver' )ee), )hear), )feel), )tate), and )mell), and withver' onneted with thinking, to mean that omeone ee omething, hear omethinget:Here they are an ee their ar%7an you mell omething 'urning?

an)t undertand why you)re o upet%He an)t remem'er where he put the tiket%not true Bin negativeD ued to ay that you do not 'elieve that omething i true:&hi an)t 'e the right road%t an)t 'e eay aring for a man and a hild who are not your own%hould not Bin (uetion and negativeD ued to ay that omeone hould not or mutnot do omething:


39/106

ome1 ver'

ome1 S1 W1 /k\m/ pat tene ame /keZm/ pat partiiple ome BintranitiveD1move toward ome'ody/omethingto move toward you or arrive at the plae whereyou are BX goD:Ket me know when they ome%7an you ome here for a minute?7ome a 'it loer and you)ll 'e a'le to ee 'etter%What time will you 'eoming home?ome in/into/out of et&here wa a knok on the door and a young woman ame into the room%ome to/toward

ould ee a figure oming toward me%ome aro/down/up et+ they ame down the trak, the ar kidded%ome to do omething)ve ome to ee Ehilip%ome and do omething)ll ome and help you move the ret of the 'o2e%7ome and look at thi.ome running/flying/peeding etJe ame flying round the orner and 'anged traight into me%ome to dinner/lunhWhat day are your folk oming to dinner?here ome ome'ody/omething poken !"ued to ay that omeone or omething ioming toward you#+h, here ome the 'u at lat.-go with ome'ody if omeone ome with you, they go to a plae with you:We)re going for a drink thi evening% Would you like to ome?ome with aked Poie if he)d like to ome with u%ome alongt hould 'e good fun% Why don)t you ome along?3travel to a plae to travel to or reah a plae:Whih way did you ome?ome through/aro/'y way of et&hey ame over the mountain in the north%ome fromKegend ha it that the tri'e ame from aro the Eaifi Oean%ome 'y ar/train/'u etWill you 'e oming 'y train?Have you ome far !"travelled a long way# today?


40/106

)ve ome a long way to ee you%ome 5/1 et mile/kilometreSome of the 'ird have ome thouand of mile to winter here%4pot if a letter et ome, it i delivered to you 'y pot B" arriveD:+ letter ame for you thi morning%

&he phone 'ill han)t ome yet%5happen if a time or an event ome, it arrive or happen:+t lat the day ame for u to et off%&he moment had ome for me to 'reak the new to her%&he time will ome when you)ll thank me for thi%7hritma eem to ome earlier every year% 'e/have yet to ome !"ued when omething ha not happened yet 'ut will happen#&he mot e2iting part i yet to ome% knew he)d 'e a'le to take are of himelf, ome what may !"whatever happen#%reah a level/plae Balway C adver'/prepoitionD to reah a partiular level or plaeome up/down

She had 'londe hair whih ame down to her wait%&he water ame up a far a my het%'e produed/old Balway C adver'/prepoitionD to 'e produed or old with partiular featureome in&hi partiular ofa ome in four different olour%7at ome in many hape and i6e%ome with&he omputer ome omplete with oftware and game%;order Balway C adver'/prepoitionD to 'e in a partiular poition in an order, a erie, ora litome 'efore/after E ome 'efore ] in the alpha'et%ome firt/eond etShe ame firt in the - metre%> ome open/undone/looe et to 'eome open et:Hi hoelae had ome undone%&he rope ame looe%1 ome to do omethinga# to 'egin to have a feeling or opinion:He ame to think of taly a hi home% ame to 'elieve that he wa innoent after all% '# to do omething 'y hane, without planning or intending to do it:7an you tell me how the 'ody ame to 'e diovered?ome to 'e doing omething often wondered how ame to 'e living in uh a plae%11 ome and goa# to 'e allowed to go into and leave a plae whenever you want:&he tudent an ome and go a they pleae% '# to keep tarting and topping:


41/106

&he pain ome and goe%1- take omething a it ome to aept omething a it happen, without trying to plan for it or hange it:We *ut take eah year a it ome%He take life a it ome%

13 have omething oming !to you# informal to deerve to 'e punihed or to haveomething 'ad happen to you: do feel orry for him, 'ut )m afraid he had it oming%14 a nie/a tupid et a they ome informal e2tremely nie, tupid et:=y unle Walter i a o'tinate a they ome%15 for year/week/day et to ome ued to emphai6e that omething will ontinue fora long time into the future:&hi i a moment that will 'e remem'ered and ele'rated for year to ome%1 in year/day to ome in the future:n year to ome, ome of the pratie we take for granted now will eem (uite 'ar'ari%1 have ome a long way to have made a lot of progre:

7omputer tehnology ha ome a long way ine the 1>%1; ome a a urprie/relief/'low et !to ome'ody# to make omeone feel urpried, pleaed, diappointed et:&he deiion ame a a great relief to u all%&he new will ome a no urprie to hi olleague%1> ome eaily/naturally !to ome'ody# to 'e eay for omeone to do:Eu'li peaking doe not ome eaily to mot people%Writing ame naturally to her, even a a hild%- ome of agea# to reah the age when you are legally onidered to 'e an adult:He)ll inherit the money when he ome of age% '# to develop into an advaned or ueful form:Spae tehnology didn)t really ome of age until the 1>5%-1 ome right out with omething/ome right out and ay omething informal

to ay omething in a very diret way, often when other people think thi iurpriing:


42/106

- poken ome in. ued to tell omeone who ha knoked on your door toenter your room, houe et:She tapped timidly on the door% )7ome in.) 'oomed a deep voie from inide%-; poken how ome? ued to ak omeone why or how omething happened:How ome you)ve ended up here?

)Kat heard, he wa teahing in =e2io%) )How ome?)-> poken ome to think of it/ome to that ued to add omething that you have *ut reali6ed or remem'ered:7ome to think of it, Ueorge did eem a 'it depreed yeterday%He had never e2peted to have a wife, or even a girlfriend ome to that%3 poken ome July/ne2t year/the ne2t day et ued to talk a'out at a partiular timein the future:7ome pring, you)ll have plenty of olour in the garden%31 poken ome again? ued to ak omeone to repeat what they have *ut aid3- poken don)t ome the innoent/vitim/helple male et with me Fritih0nglih ued to tell omeone not to pretend that they are omething they are not in

order to get ympathy or help from you:8on)t ome the poor truggling artit with me%


43/106

She wa terrified that &revor would ome after her%ome along phraal ver'1 'e oming along informal to 'e developing or making progre B" progreD:He opened the oven door to ee how the food wa oming along%


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- if image, (uetion, fat et ome at you, you feel onfued 'eaue there aretoo many of them at the ame time:]uetion were oming at me from all diretion%3 informal to onider or deal with a pro'lem in a partiular way B"approahD:

We need to ome at the pro'lem from a different angle%ome away phraal ver'1 to 'eome eparated from the main part of omething B" ome offD:One of the wire in the plug had ome away% turned ome of the page and they ame away in my hand%- to leave a plae with a partiular feeling or idea:We ame away thinking that we had done (uite well%ome away with ame away with the impreion that the hool wa very well run%ome 'ak phraal ver'1 to return to a partiular plae or peron B" returnD:

=y mother wa ared that if left home )d never ome 'ak%Uinny) left me, and there) nothing an do to peruade her to ome 'ak%- to 'eome fahiona'le or popular again B↪ ome'akD:Who)d have thought hippy gear would ever ome 'ak.High heel are oming 'ak into fahion%3 to appear or tart to affet omeone or omething again B" returnD:&he pain in her arm ame 'ak again%t took a while for my onfidene to ome 'ak%4 if omething ome 'ak to you, you remem'er it or remem'er how to do it:+ walked the ity treet, the memorie ame flooding 'ak%ome 'ak to

an)t think of her name at the moment, 'ut it)ll ome 'ak to me%5 to reply to omeone (uikly, often in an angry or unkind way B↪ ome'akDome 'ak atHe ame 'ak at me immediately, auing me of 'eing a liar%ome 'efore ome'ody/omething phraal ver'to 'e 'rought to omeone in authority, epeially a *udge in a law ourt, to 'e *udged ordiued 'y them:When you ome 'efore the *udge, it) 'et to tell the truth%&he ae will ome 'efore the ourt ne2t month%ome 'etween ome'ody phraal ver'1 to make people argue and feel angry with eah other, when they had 'een friend 'efore: 9othing will ever ome 'etween u now% didn)t want to ome 'etween a hu'and and wife%- to prevent omeone from giving enough attention to omething:She never let anything ome 'etween her and her work%ome 'y phraal ver'1 ome 'y omething to manage to get omething that i rare or diffiult to get:How did you ome 'y thee piture?


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Jo' were hard to ome 'y%- ome 'y !omething# to make a hort viit to a plae on your way to omewhereele:He aid he)d ome 'y later%)ll ome 'y the houe and get my tuff later, OT?

ome down phraal ver'1a# if a prie, level et ome down, it get lower:t look a if interet rate will ome down again thi month% '# to aept a lower prieome down toHe) aking A5, 'ut he may 'e willing to ome down to A4;%- if omeone ome down to a plae, they travel outh to the plae where you are:Why don)t you ome down for the weekend ometime?ome down to+re you oming down to Tno2ville for 7hritma?

3 to fall to the ground:+ lot of tree ame down in the torm%We were till out in the field when the rain tarted oming down%4 ome down on the ide of ome'ody/omething alo ome down in favour ofome'ody/omething to deide to upport omeone or omething:&he ommittee ame down in favour of making the information pu'li%5 informal to tart to feel normal again after you have 'een feeling very happyand e2ited:He wa on a real high all lat week and he) only *ut ome down% informal=88 to top feeling the effet of a trong drug:When ame down, remem'ered with horror ome of the thing )d aid% Fritih 0nglih oldfahionedS07 to leave a univerity after ompletinga period of tudyome down on ome'ody phraal ver'to punih omeone or ritii6e them everely:We need to ome down hard on young offender% made the mitake of anwering 'ak, and he ame down on me like a ton of 'rik !"very everely#%ome down to ome'ody/omething phraal ver'1 if a ompliated ituation or pro'lem ome down to omething, that i the inglemot important thing:t all ome down to money in the end%- if omething old ha ome down to you, it ha 'een paed 'etween people over along period of time until you have it:&he te2t whih ha ome down to u i only a fragment of the original%ome down with omething phraal ver'to get an illne: think )m oming down with a old%ome for ome'ody/omething phraal ver'1 to arrive to ollet omeone or omething:


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)ll ome for you at a'out eight o)lok%- to arrive at a plae in order to take omeone away 'y fore:=em'er of the eret polie ame for him in the middle of the night%ome forward phraal ver'to offer help to omeone, or offer to do omething:

So far, only one andidate ha ome forward%&he polie appealed for witnee to ome forward with information%ome from ome'ody/omething phraal ver'1 if you ome from a plae, you were 'orn there or lived there when you wereyoung: ome from Kondon originally%- to 'e o'tained from a plae, thing, or peron, or to tart or 'e made omewhere:+ lot of drug ome from (uite ommon plant%=y information ome from a very reputa'le oure%&he idea ame from +meria%3 to happen a the reult of doing omething

ome from doing omething=ot of her pro'lem ome from e2peting too muh of people%4 oming from him/her/you et poken ued to ay that omeone hould not ritii6eanother peron for doing omething, 'eaue they have done the ame thing themelve:;, when aual portwear ame in% to finih a raeome in firt/eond etHi hore ame in eond to lat% if the tide ome in, the ea move toward the land and over the edge of itBX go outDome in for omething phraal ver'


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ome in for ritiim/'lame/rutiny to 'e ritii6ed, 'lamed et for omething:&he government ha ome in for fiere ritiim over it handling of thi affair%ome into omething phraal ver'1 to reeive money, land, or property from omeone after they have died:She)ll ome into (uite a lot of money when her father die%

- to 'e involved in omething:Joie doen)t ome into the movie until (uite near the end%Where do ome into all thi?3 ome into view/ight if omething ome into view, you 'egin to ee it:&he mountain were *ut oming into view%4 ome into leaf/flower/'loom to tart to produe leave or flower:&he roe are *ut oming into flower%5 not ome into it poken ued to ay that omething i not important:=oney doen)t really ome into it% ome into your own to 'eome very good, ueful, or important in a partiular ituation:On iy road, a fourwheel drive vehile really ome into it own%

ome of omething phraal ver'to happen a a reult of omething: did ak a few (uetion, 'ut nothing ame of it%&hat) what ome of not pratiing you)ve forgotten everything.ome off phraal ver'1 ome off !omething# to 'eome removed from omething:&he la'el had ome off, o there wa no way of knowing what wa on the dik%- ome off !omething# Fritih 0nglih to fall off omething:8yon ame off hi 'ike a he rounded the lat orner, 'ut wan)t 'adly hurt%3 informal if omething that ha 'een planned ome off, it happen:n the end the trip never ame off%4 informal to 'e ueful:t wa a good idea, 'ut it didn)t (uite ome off%&he performane on the firt night ame off pretty well%5 ome off omething=88 to top taking a drug that you have 'een taking regularly:t wan)t until tried to ome off the pill that reali6ed wa addited% ome off 'et/'etter/wort et Fritih 0nglih to gain or loe the mot,more, the leat et from a ituation:+ far a penion go, it) till women who ome off wort% ome off it. Fritih 0nglih pokenued to tell omeone that you do not 'elievewhat they are aying:Oh ome off it.


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Oh ome on, don)t lie.d# ued to make omeone angry enough to want to fight you:7ome on, then, hit me.- ome on in/over/up et poken ued to tell omeone to ome in, over, up et,uually in a friendly way:

7ome on in )ve made ome offee%3 if a light or mahine ome on, it tart working:+ dog tarted 'arking and light ame on in the houe%4 if an illne ome on, you tart to 'e ill with it: an feel a headahe oming on%5 if a televiion or radio programme ome on, it tart:Jut at that moment, the new ame on% if rain or now ome on, it tart:&he rain ame on *ut 'efore lunhtime% to ome onto a tage or port field:He ored only two minute after he)d ome on%

; to improve or make progre:&he hildren are really oming on now% ome on ome'ody/omething to find or diover omeone or omething 'yhane:We ame on a group of tudent having a pini%1 ome on trong informal to make it very lear to omeone that you think theyare e2ually attrativeome on to ome'ody/omething phraal ver'1 to tart talking a'out a new u'*et:)ll ome on to thi (uetion in a few moment%- informal if omeone ome on to another peron, they make it very learthat they are e2ually intereted in them B↪ omeonD:&he way he wa oming on to Jak, )m ama6ed he managed to get out alive.ome out phraal ver'1 if omething ome out, it i removed from a plae:&hee tain will never ome out.- if information ome out, people learn a'out it, epeially after it ha 'een kepteret: 9o dou't the truth will ome out one day%t) ome out that everal miniter reeived payment from the ompany%3&7E if a photograph ome out, it how a lear piture: took ome photograph, 'ut they didn)t ome out%&he wedding photo have ome out really well%4 if a 'ook, reord et ome out, it 'eome pu'lily availa'le:When i the new edition oming out?5 if omething ome out in a partiular way, that i what it i like after it ha 'eenmade or produed:)ve made a ake, 'ut it han)t ome out very well%&he over ha ome out a 'it too 'ig%


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if omething you ay ome out in a partiular way, that i how it ound or how iti undertood:Hi word ame out a little more than a whiper%&hat didn)t ome out the way meant it to% tried to e2plain everything to her, 'ut it ame out all wrong !"not in the way

intended#% if omeone ome out in a partiular way, that i the ituation they are in at theend of an event or erie of event:&he more e2periened team ame out on top%ome out of She ame out of the divore (uite well%; to 'e eay to notie:Hi rightwing opinion ome out (uite trongly in hi later writing%> to ay pu'lily that you trongly upport or oppoe a plan, 'elief etome out in favour of &he 'oard of diretor ha ome out in favour of a merger%

ome out againt&eaher have ome out againt the propoed hange%+t leat he) got the ourage to ome out and ay what he think%1 if the un, moon, or tar ome out, they appear in the ky:&he ky leared and the un ame out%11 if a flower ome out, it open:&he nowdrop were *ut tarting to ome out%1- if omeone ome out, they ay that they are gay when thi wa a eret 'eforeome out to&hat ummer, deided to ome out to my parent%13 Fritih 0nglih informal to refue to work, a a protet: 9ure have threatened to ome out in upport of their pay laim%We deided to ome out on trike%14SS if a young woman ame out in the pat, he wa formally introdued into upperla oiety at a large formal daneome out at omething phraal ver'if omething ome out at a partiular amount, that i the amount it add up to:&he whole trip, inluding fare, ome out at $>%ome out in omething phraal ver'ome out in pot/a rah et if you ome out in pot et, pot appear on your 'ody:f eat egg, ome out in a rah%ome out of omething phraal ver'1 to no longer 'e in a 'ad ituation:&here are ign that the ountry i oming out of reeion%- to happen a a reult of omething:One or two e2ellent idea ame out of the meeting%3 ome out of yourelf informal to tart to 'ehave in a more onfident way:Eenny) really ome out of herelf ine he tarted that oure%ome out with omething phraal ver'to ay omething, epeially omething unuual or une2peted:


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&he thing he ome out with are o funny.ome over phraal ver'1a# if omeone ome over, they viit you at your houe:8o you want to ome over on @riday evening?

'# if omeone ome over, they ome to the ountry where you areome over to/fromWhen did your family firt ome over to +meria?- ome over ome'ody if a trong feeling ome over you, you uddenlye2periene it:+ wave of leepine ame over me%)m orry a'out that don)t know what ame over me !" do not know why 'ehavedin that way#%3 if an idea ome over well, people an undertand it eaily: thought that the point he wa making ame over (uite learly%4 if omeone ome over in a partiular way, they eem to have partiular (ualitie

B" ome aroD:He didn)t ome over very well !"eem to have good (ualitie# in the interview%ome over aShe ome over a a very effiient 'uinewoman%5 ome over !all# hy/nervou et informal to uddenly 'eome very hy,nervou etome round phraal ver'to ome aroundome through phraal ver'1 if a piee of information, new et ome through, it arrive omewhere:We)re till waiting for our e2am reult to ome through%&here i new *ut oming through of an e2ploion in a hemial fatory%- to 'e made offiial, epeially 'y having the orret doument offiiallyapproved:)m till waiting for my divore to ome through%3 ome through !omething# to ontinue to live, 'e trong, or ueed after a diffiult ordangerou time B" urviveD:f he ome through the operation OT he hould 'e 'ak to normal within a month%t) 'een a tough time, 'ut )m ure you)ll ome through and 'e all the wier for it%ome through with omething phraal ver'to give omeone omething they need, epeially when they have 'een worried that youwould not produe it in time:Our repreentative in Hong Tong finally ame through with the figure%ome to phraal ver'1 ome to a deiion/onluion/agreement et to deide omething, agree onomething et after onidering or diuing a ituation B" reahD:We ame to the onluion that there wa no other way 'ak to the amp%f they don)t ome to a deiion 'y midnight, the talk will 'e a'andoned%- ome to a halt/topa# to low down and top B" topD:


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&he train ame to a top *ut yard from the 'arrier% '# to top operating or ontinuing:+fter the eletion our funding ame to an a'rupt halt%3 ome to omething to develop o that a partiular ituation e2it, uually a 'ad one: never thought it would ome to thi%

We need to 'e prepared to fight, 'ut hopefully it won)t ome to that !"that won)t 'eneeary#%+ll thoe year of tudying, and in the end it all ame to nothing%t) ome to omething when )m not allowed to e2pre an opinion in my own houe.what i the world/the ountry et oming to? !"ued to ay that the world et i in a 'adituation#4 ome to omething to add up to a total amount:&hat ome to A-3%5%&he 'ill ame to A4;%5%5 ome to ome'ody if a thought or idea ome to you, you reali6e or remem'eromething:

&he anwer ame to me in a flah%)ve forgotten her name, 'ut may'e it)ll ome to me later% to 'eome oniou again after you have 'een unoniou:When he ame to, he wa lying on the floor with hi hand tied 'ehind hi 'ak% when it ome to omethinginformal when you are dealing with omething ortalking a'out omething:He) a 'it of an e2pert when it ome to omputer%ome under omething phraal ver'1 ome under attak/fire/rutiny et to 'e attaked, hot at et:&he government ha ome under attak from oppoition leader over propoal to uthealth pending%- to 'e governed or ontrolled 'y a partiular organi6ation or peron:&he organi6ation ome under the authority of the 0Q%3 if a piee of information ome under a partiular title, you an find it under thattitle:&he propoal ome under three main heading%ome up phraal ver'1 if omeone ome up to you, they ome loe to you, epeially in order to peakto you:One of the teaher ame up and tarted talking to me%ome up to+ man ame up to him and aked for a light%- if omeone ome up to a plae, they travel north to the plae where you areome up toWhy don)t you ome up to 9ew


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&he ame pro'lem ome up every time%5 if a *o' or an opportunity ome up, it 'eome availa'le:+ vaany ha ome up in the aount department% to 'e dealt with in a law ourt:


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ome, goQe ome for movement toward the plae where the peaker i or will 'e7ome and ee me at my offie% ^ ould ee them oming down the

hill !"getting nearer to me# % ^ When are you oming home !"to ourhome# ?Qe go for movement in other diretion +re you going to Sally)

tonight? ̂ wih he would go home !"to hi home, away from me#%WOP8 7HO70: WOP8 7HO70:

'eome, get, go, turn, grow, ome'eome an 'e followed 'y an ad*etive or noun, nota ver' R Her hu'and 'eame *ealou% R We oon 'eame friend%&he following wordare ued with an ad*etive intead of 'eome, in ertain ae:get i very often uedintead of 'eome, and i more uual in poken 0nglih R wa gettinghungry% R &hing got wore and wore%go i uedto ay that omething hange olour

R &he ky went pink%to ay that omeone feel a hange in their 'ody R =yfinger have gone num'% with 'lind and deaf R He went 'lind% with mad, inane,ra6y et R &he rowd went wild%turn i ued epeially to ay that omething

hange olour R &he li(uid turned green% R Hi fae turned pale%grow an 'eued in fairly literary written 0nglih to ay that omething hange gradually R tgrew dark a we walked%with a toinfinitive, to ay that omeone gradually tart doingomething R We grew to love eah other%ome i uedwith ad*etive like apart,undone, and untuk R


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-poi'ilitya# ued to ay that omething i poi'le or might happen:=ot aident in the home ould 'e prevented%t ould 'e week 'efore we get a reply%f you)re not areful, you ould get into even wore trou'le%

+ faulty onnetion ould eaily !"would 'e likely to# aue a fire% '# ued to ay that omething wa a poi'ility in the pat, 'ut did not atually happen:Some'ody ould have 'een killed% ould have warned you if had known where you were%He ould have eaped, 'ut he hoe to tand and fight%3emphai6ing your feeling pokenued to emphai6e how happy, angry et you are 'yaying how you want to e2pre your feeling:He irritate me o muh ould ream% wa o angry ould have killed her% wa o relieved ould have kied them all%4re(ueting poken ued to make a polite re(uet:

7ould you help me with thee 'o2e?7ould have a drink of water, pleae?How a'out Sam? 7ould he ome along too? wonder if ould *ut ak you to ign thi%5uggeting ued to ugget doing omething:


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do- ver'

do- S1 W1 pat tene did, pat partiiple done, third peron ingular doe1ation/ativity BtranitiveD to perform an ation or ativity:Have you done your homework yet?


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what ome'ody will do for omething ued to talk a'out what arrangementomeone ha made to get omething they need:What will you do for money if you leave your *o'?)m not ure what we)ll do for tranport yet% what i ome'ody/omething doing? poken ued to ak why omeone or

omething i in a partiular plae or doing a partiular thing, epeially when you areurpried or annoyed 'y thi:What) my oat doing on the floor?What are you doing walking around at thi time of night?What on earth do you think you)re doing?;87 do your/ome'ody) hair/nail/makeup et to do omething that improve yourappearane or omeone ele) appearane:t mut take her age to do her makeup in the morning%Who doe your hair?>pend time BtranitiveD informal to pend a period of time doing omething:She did a year 'akpaking around the world%

Oh ye, ertainly did my time in the army !"pent time in the army#%1tudy Btranitive not in paiveD Fritih 0nglihS0 to tudy a partiular u'*etin a hool or univerity: did @renh for five year%11ook BtranitiveD to ook a partiular type of food: wa thinking of doing a aerole tonight%1- do 1 mile/- km et&=7&& to ahieve a partiular ditane, peed et:We did 3 kilometre on the firt day%&he ar an do 1- mph%13provide a ervie BtranitiveD to provide a partiular ervie or ell a partiular produt:&hey do interior and e2terior deign%We don)t do food after two o)lok%14perform a play BtranitiveD to perform a partiular play, how et:We did )Uuy and 8oll) lat year%15deorate BtranitiveD to paint or deorate a room, houe et:How are you going to do your living room?1'ehave BintranitiveD to 'ehave in a partiular way:n the evening tudent are free to do a they pleae !"do what they want#% wih you)d do a you)re told !"do what you are told to do#.1 ome'ody doen)t do nie/funny/eni'le et poken informal uedhumorouly to ay that omeone annot or doe not 'ehave in a partiular way:Seni'le? don)t do eni'le%1;opy 'ehaviour BtranitiveD to opy omeone) 'ehaviour or the way they talk,epeially in order to entertain people:He doe a 'rilliant Ueorge Fuh !"opie him in a very funny way#%1> do lunh/do a movie et informal to have lunh, go to ee a film et withomeone:Ket) do lunh ne2t week%-drug BtranitiveD informal to ue an illegal drug:


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He ay he) never done hard drug in hi life%-1viit BtranitiveD to viit a partiular plae, epeially a a tourit:Ket) do the 0iffel &ower today%-- that)ll do. pokenued to tell a hild to top 'ehaving 'adly-3 that doe it.poken ued to ay angrily that you will not aept a ituation any more:

Pight, that doe it. )m not going to liten to any more of thi.-4 that hould do it alo that ought to do it poken ued to ay that you will havefinihed doing omething if you *ut do one more thing:)ve *ut got to prepare the deert and that hould do it%-5 do it informal to have e2 ued humorouly or when you want to avoidaying the word )e2)- ome'ody would do well to do omething ued to advie omeone that theyhould do omething:=ot people would do well to redue the amount of alt in their diet%-punih BtranitiveD Fritih 0nglih poken to punih or attak omeone N 'e/getdone at done- !;#

-;deeive BtranitiveD Fritih 0nglih informal to deeive or trik omeoneN 'e done at done- !#-> what) doing %%%? poken ued to ak what i happening:What) doing at your plae tonight?3 do or die ued to ay that omeone i determined to do omething very 'rave ordangerou even if they die attempting it31 how !are# you doing? poken ued when you meet omeone to ak them if theyare well, happy et:Hi Fo', how you doing?3- what an do you for? poken ued humorouly to ak omeone how you an helpthem, epeially when you are trying to ell them omething33 do well 'y ome'ody to treat omeone well:Hi relation alway did pretty well 'y him%34 do one poken informal ued to tell omeone who i making you feel upetor angry to go away:Oh, *ut go and do one.N doing N done- N do your 'it at 'it- !;# N how do you do at how !11# Nnothing doing at nothing1 !14# N do ome'ody proud at proud !5# N do omething todeath at death !4#, andodo away with ome'ody/omething phraal ver'1 to get rid of omething or top uing it:Eeople thought that the ue of ro'ot would do away with 'oring lowpaid fatory *o'%- informal to kill omeonedo ome'ody Y down phraal ver'to ritii6e omeone, epeially in an unfair way: know you don)t like him, 'ut there) no need to keep doing him down in front of the 'o%do for ome'ody/omething phraal ver'Fritih 0nglih informal to kill omeone or harm omething or omeone very 'adly:


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Working 1 hour a week nearly did for me%N 'e done for at done- !3#do ome'ody in phraal ver'1 to kill omeone:He wa planning to do himelf in%

- to make omeone feel e2tremely tired:&hat walk really did me in%N done in at done- !4#do omething Y out phraal ver'18H to make a room look nie 'y deorating it:&he room wa 'eautifully done out in patel olour%- informal to lean a room or up'oard thoroughlydo ome'ody out of omething phraal ver'to dihonetly top omeone from getting or keeping omething, epeially omethingthey have a right to have:+re you trying to do me out of a *o'?

do ome'ody/omething over phraal ver'1 do omething Y over epeially +merian 0nglih8H to make a plae lookattrative 'y deorating it:&he whole apartment had 'een done over in an +rt 8eo tyle%- +merian 0nglih to do omething again, epeially 'eaue you did it wrongthe firt time:f you make too many mitake, you)ll have to do it over%3 do omething Y over Fritih 0nglih poken informalS77 to teal thingfrom a 'uilding4 Fritih 0nglih poken informal to attak and in*ure omeonedo up phraal ver'1 to faten omething, or to 'e fatened in a partiular waydo omething Y up8o up your oat or you)ll get old%a kirt whih doe up at the 'ak - do omething Y up8H&&7 to repair an old 'uilding or ar, or to improve itappearane:&hey did up an old ottage in the Sottih Highland%3 do omething Y up to deorate omething in a partiular way:&he apartment wa done up in iennee tyle%4 do omething Y up to wrap omething in paper 5 do yourelf up87F to make yourelf look neat and attrative:Sue pent age doing herelf up%do with omething phraal ver'1 ould do with omething poken to need or want omething: ould have done with ome help thi morning%- have/'e to do with ome'ody/omething to 'e a'out omething, 'e related toomething, or 'e involved with omething:&heir onveration had 'een largely to do with work%


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)m orry a'out the aident, 'ut it) nothing to do with me !" am not involved inany way#%&hi (uetion doen)t have anything to do with the main topi of the urvey%)m ure her pro'lem have omething to do with what happened when he wa ahild%

3 what to do with yourelf how to pend your time:She didn)t know what to do with herelf after he retired%4 what ome'ody hould do with omething/what to do with omething et ued toak or talk a'out how omeone hould deal with omething:What hall do with thee paper? wouldn)t know what to do with a new'orn 'a'y%5 what ha ome'ody done with omething? pokenued to ak where omeone ha putomething:What have you done with the remote for the &? what i ome'ody doing with omething? ued to ak why omeone ha omething:What are you doing with my diary?

an)t 'e doing with omething Fritih 0nglih poken ued to ay that youare annoyed 'y omething and do not want to have to think a'out it: an)t 'e doing with all thi right now%do without phraal ver'1 do without !omething# to live or do omething without a partiular thing: don)t have any ugar o you)ll have to do without%


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for1 prepoition

for1 S1 W1 /fM trong fé: $ fMr trong fé:r/1 ued to ay who i intended to get or ue omething, or where omething iintended to 'e ued:)ve got a preent for you%

Someone left a meage for iky%an 0nglih oure for foreign tudentWe need a new 'attery for the radio%&hee hair are for the offie%- in order to help omeone or omething: looked after the kid for them%Ket me arry that 'ag for you%&he dotor knew that there wa nothing he ould do for her%7harle died fighting for hi ountry%What an do for you !"ued to ak a utomer if you an help them#?3 ued to ay what the purpoe of an o'*et, ation et ifor doing omethinga knife for utting 'readWhat did you do that for?)ve 'ought him a wath for hi 'irthday%the doument prepared for hi defene4 in order to have, do, get, or o'tain omething:+re you waiting for the 'u?the (ualifiation neeary for a areer in 'roadating=other wa too ill to get up for dinner% paid $3 for a tiket%@or further detail, write to thi addre%Ket) go for a walk%5 ued to ay how long an ation or ituation ontinue for:Fake the ake for 4 minute%We had 'een talking for a good half hour%He) 'een off work for a while%. Sine, during, or for? N ee uage note ine ued to talk a'out ditane:We walked for mile%


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@atorie treth for (uite a way along the anal% if omething i arranged for a partiular time, it i planned that it hould happenthen:)ve invited them for > o)lok%+ meeting wa arranged for 1;th =ay%

; ued to ay where a peron, vehile et i going: et off for work%the train for =anheter + few day later he would 'e leaving for 9ew ued to ay what the prie or value of omething i:a he(ue for a hundred pound&he diamond wa inured for two thouand dollar%1 'eaue of or a a reult of omething:f, for any reaon, you annot attend, pleae inform u%We ould hardly ee for the mit%


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t) old for July%1; a a repreentative of other people:Eailey laim to peak for the ma*ority of loal people%1> ued to ay what i poi'le, diffiult, neeary, unuual etfor ome'ody/omething to do omething

t) unuual for 8onald to 'e o 'adtempered%&here i an urgent need for omeone to takle thi pro'lem%Here i a hane for everyone to learn new kill%&here) nothing wore than for a parent to illtreat a hild%t wa too far for her to walk in highheeled hoe%- for eah/every ued to ay that there i a relationhip 'etween one amount andanother:@or eah mitake, you)ll loe half a point%@or every three people who agree, you)ll find five who don)t%-1 omething i not for ome'ody ued to ay that omething i not the kind of thingthat omeone like or will en*oy:

7ity life i not for me%&hi 'ook i not for everyone%-- it i !not# for ome'ody to do omething ued to ay whether it i omeone) right orduty to do omething:t) not for me to tell you what to do%t will 'e for you to deide what ation you hould take%-3 if it wan)t/weren)t for ome'ody/omething alo if it hadn)t 'een forome'ody/omething ued to ay who or what prevent or prevented omething fromhappening:f it hadn)t 'een for you, hould have drowned%-4 that)/there) ome'ody/omething for you. pokena# ued to ay that a partiular kind of 'ehaviour or ituation i typial of omeone oromething, epeially when you do not e2pet anything 'etter from that peron or thing: know it) outrageou, 'ut that) =elia for you% '# ued when you are annoyed or diappointed to ay that omething i the oppoite of the(uality you are mentioning:Well, there) gratitude for you. Here am trying to help and you tell me not to interfere.-5 'e !in# for it pokento 'e likely to 'e 'lamed or punihed:>;% R We)ve knowna'out it ine =ay% Sine i uually followed 'y a time e2preion !)lat year), )thimorning), )4 o)lok) et# or 'y the imple pat tene% Qe the preent perfet or the pat perfet in the other laue R have loved movie ine firt went to the inema%

R He had 'een eriouly ill ine 7hritma%.. Speaker of Fritih 0nglihuually ay it i a long time/two week et ine%%%, and peaker of +merian 0nglih itha 'een a long time/two week et ine%%%, 'ut 'oth ue are orret R t) week!Fr0#/t) 'een week !+m0# ine aw Urandma%Qe for when you tate the


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length of time that omething ha 'een happening R We have known eah other for tenyear !9O& ine ten year#% R had 'een waiting for hour !9O& ine hour#% R haven)t een him for age !9O& ine age#%8uring and over are ued when youtate the period of time in whih omething happen or hange R 8uring her firt year at ollege, he had everal 'oyfriend% R Over the lat i2 month, rime ha dou'led%

for- on*untion

for- S- W1 formalued to introdue the reaon for omething B" 'eaueD: annot tell whether he i old or young, for have never een her%He found it inreaingly diffiult to read, for hi eyeight wa 'eginning to fail%

get ver'

get S1 W1 /get/ pat tene got, pat partiiple got /gãt $ gV:t/ Fritih0nglih, gotten /Lgãtn $ LgV:tn/ +merian 0nglih preent partiiple getting1reeive Btranitive not in paiveD to reeive omething that omeone give you orend you:She got load of preent%What did you get for 7hritma?We get a lot of *unk mail%get omething from ome'odyWe got a letter from Eam thi morning%get omething off ome'ody poken informal: got it off my 8ad% got a few game free when 'ought my omputer%N ee uage note gain1-o'tain BtranitiveD to o'tain omething 'y finding it, aking for it, or paying for it:


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We need to get help (uikly.t would 'e a good idea to get profeional advie%


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N ee uage note gain1have a feeling/idea BtranitiveD to tart to have a feeling or an idea:She 'egan to get an unomforta'le feeling that he wa 'eing wathed% got a terri'le hok when aw how ill he looked% got the impreion that everyone wa fed up with u%

get pleaure from/out of omethingShe get a lot of pleaure from her garden%have/e2periene BtranitiveD to have, do, or e2periene omething:


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1&&travel BtranitiveD to travel omewhere on a train, 'u et:


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get ome'ody doing omethingn the end, we got the hildren learing the playground%-3undertand Btranitive not in paive or progreiveD informal to undertandomething: don)t think he got the *oke%

don)t get it it doen)t make ene%get what/how/who et till don)t get how he knew a'out the meeting%-4ook Btranitive not in paiveD to prepare food or a meal:She) *ut getting lunh%get ome'ody omethingShall get you a andwih?-5radio/televiion Btranitive not in paive or progreiveD&7F to 'e a'le to reeive a partiular radio ignal, televiion tation et:7an you get atellite & here?-anwer the door/telephone BtranitiveD informal to anwer the door or

telephone:7an you get the phone?-ath ome'ody BtranitiveD to ath omeone:&he polie got him in the end%-;hurt/kill ome'ody BtranitiveD informal to attak, hurt, or kill omeone:&he other gang mem'er threatened to get him if he went to the polie%)ll get you for thi.->trik ome'ody BtranitiveD informal to deeive or trik omeone: got you that time.3on the telephone BtranitiveD if you get omeone on the telephone, they anwerthe telephone when you have made a all, and o you talk to them: tried phoning him at work, 'ut *ut got hi eretary%31 get doing omething to 'egin doing omething:We got talking a'out the old day% think we hould get going (uite oon%What are we all waiting for? Ket) get moving.3- get to do omething informal to have the opportunity to do omething:We got to meet all the tar after the how%She get to travel all over the plae with her *o'%33 get to like/know/undertand ome'ody/omething to gradually 'egin to like,know, or undertand omeone or omething:t)ll take a while for you to get to know everyone%+fter a while, got to like him%34 poken you get omething ued to ay that omething happen or e2it: didn)t know you got tiger in 0urope%35 poken you)ve got me !there# ued to ay you do not know the anwer toomething3 poken it/what get me ued to ay that omething really annoy you:t really get me the way he leave wet towel on the 'athroom floor%What get me i their attitude%


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3 poken get thi epeially +merian 0nglih ued to draw attention toomething urpriing or intereting that you are a'out to mention:+nd the whole thing only ot get thi $1-%>5%N have got at have-get a'out phraal ver'

1 to go or travel to different plae:She) eighty now, and doen)t get a'out muh any more%He) got an old van whih he ue for getting a'out%- if new or information get a'out, it i told to a lot of people: don)t really want thi to get a'out%get aro phraal ver'to ueed in ommuniating an idea or piee of information to omeone, or to 'eommuniated uefullyget omething Y arot took him age to get hi point aro%We mut get aro the imple fat that drug are dangerou%

&he meage in)t getting aro%get aro tot i important that we get thi meage aro to voter%get ahead phraal ver'to 'e ueful and do 'etter than other people in a *o' or work:She oon found that it wan)t eay to get ahead in the movie 'uine%get along phraal ver'1 if two or more people get along, they have a friendly relationhip:We)ve alway got along (uite well%get along with&hey eem to get along with eah other%- to deal with a *o' or ituation or to make progre:How) Sam getting along at univerity?get along without8on)t worry, we)ll get along without you%3 poken mut/)d 'etter 'e getting along ued to ay that it i time for you toleave, for e2ample 'eaue you have omething ele to doget around phraal ver'1 get around !omething# to go or travel to different plae:We had to ue pu'li tranport to get around%t) (uite eay to get around Kondon%- if new or information get around, it i told to a lot of people: 9ew of the aident oon got around%Word got around that the department might 'e loed%3 get around omething to avoid omething that i diffiult or aue pro'lem foryou: think we hould 'e a'le to get around mot of thee pro'lem%She wa alway very lever at getting around the rule%get around to omething phraal ver'to do omething that you have 'een intending to do for ome time:


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meant to phone her yeterday, 'ut never got around to it%get around to doing omethingWe finally got around to learing out the garage%get at ome'ody/omething phraal ver'1ritii6e to keep ritii6ing omeone in an unkind way:

Why i he alway getting at me?He felt he wa 'eing got at 'y the other tudent%- 'e getting at omething to 'e trying to ay omething in a way that i diffiult forother people to undertand:What are you getting at, Helen?8o you ee the point )m getting at?3reah to 'e a'le to reah omething:We had to move the wahing mahine out to get at the wiring 'ehind it%4information to diover information, epeially the truth a'out a ituation: wa determined to get at the truth%5threaten informal to ue threat to influene the deiion of people who are

involved in a ourt ae:8o you think ome of the *ury have 'een got at?get away phraal ver'1leave to leave a plae, epeially when thi i not eay:&he meeting dragged on, and didn)t get away until even%get away from like to get away from Kondon at the weekend%-on holiday informal8K to take a holiday away from the plae you normally live:Will you manage to get away thi ummer?get away toWe)re hoping to get away to Sotland for a few day%3eape to eape from omeone who i haing you or trying to ath you:&he three men got away in a tolen ar%get away fromWe knew it wouldn)t 'e eay to get away from the polie%get away with&he thieve got away with *ewellery worth over A5,%4 get away. Fritih 0nglih poken ued to ay you are very urpried 'yomething or do not 'elieve it5 the one that got away omething good that you nearly had or that nearlyhappenedget away from ome'ody/omething phraal ver'1 to avoid omething that i diffiult or unpleaant for you, or omething that limitwhat you an do in ome way: needed to get away from the preure of work%She wanted to get away from the traditional idea of what theatre i a'out%&here i no getting away from thi fat !"you annot avoid or deny thi fat#%- to 'egin to talk a'out other thing rather than the u'*et you are uppoed to 'ediuing: think we)re getting away from the main iue%


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3 get away from it all to have a rela2ing holiday:


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get 'ehind phraal ver'1 if you get 'ehind with a *o', payment, rent et, you do not do or pay a muh ofit a you hould have 'y a partiular timeget 'ehind with don)t want to get 'ehind with my work%


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&he 7onervative have promied to inreae pending on health and eduation if theyget in%5ollege/univerity to 'e allowed to 'e a tudent at a univerity, ollege

key words (natural grammar)

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