key points: summarized from chapter 14
DESCRIPTION
Key points: summarized from chapter 14. RNA processing. Outline: we will focus on mRNA processing. Overview of the Central Dogma Link DNA to RNA transcription to proteintranslation What is a codon? Gene organization Introns and exons What really is a gene? Steps of pre-mRNA processing - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Key points: summarized from chapter 14](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/56815c34550346895dca18ff/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Key points: summarized from chapter 14
RNA processing
![Page 2: Key points: summarized from chapter 14](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/56815c34550346895dca18ff/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Outline: we will focus on mRNA processing
Overview of the Central Dogma Link DNA to RNA transcription to proteintranslation What is a codon?
Gene organization Introns and exons
What really is a gene?
Steps of pre-mRNA processing Eukaryotes versus prokaryotes
![Page 3: Key points: summarized from chapter 14](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/56815c34550346895dca18ff/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
![Page 4: Key points: summarized from chapter 14](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/56815c34550346895dca18ff/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Gene Organization: Is DNA and RNA co-linear?
![Page 5: Key points: summarized from chapter 14](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/56815c34550346895dca18ff/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
3 steps of mRNA processing occurs in the nucleus of eukaryotes
5’ CAP
Poly-A tail
Splicing
![Page 6: Key points: summarized from chapter 14](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/56815c34550346895dca18ff/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
The 5’Cap
![Page 7: Key points: summarized from chapter 14](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/56815c34550346895dca18ff/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
![Page 8: Key points: summarized from chapter 14](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/56815c34550346895dca18ff/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
![Page 9: Key points: summarized from chapter 14](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/56815c34550346895dca18ff/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
The Poly-A Tail
![Page 10: Key points: summarized from chapter 14](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/56815c34550346895dca18ff/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Cleavage by endonuclease
![Page 11: Key points: summarized from chapter 14](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/56815c34550346895dca18ff/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Basic steps of poly-Adenylation
![Page 12: Key points: summarized from chapter 14](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/56815c34550346895dca18ff/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
SplicingSpliceosome
Self splicing
Requires RNA + proteins
Only RNA!
Function as enzymes
Function as enzymes!
![Page 13: Key points: summarized from chapter 14](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/56815c34550346895dca18ff/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Spliceosome Meet the spliceosome
![Page 14: Key points: summarized from chapter 14](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/56815c34550346895dca18ff/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
5’ phosphodiester of G
lariat
2’ OH of A
Splicesome: 3 components are required
Note some important aspects of the 5’ and 3’ ends
![Page 15: Key points: summarized from chapter 14](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/56815c34550346895dca18ff/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
![Page 16: Key points: summarized from chapter 14](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/56815c34550346895dca18ff/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
![Page 17: Key points: summarized from chapter 14](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/56815c34550346895dca18ff/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Where does splicing occurs?
![Page 18: Key points: summarized from chapter 14](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/56815c34550346895dca18ff/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Self-Splicing mRNA’s
![Page 19: Key points: summarized from chapter 14](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/56815c34550346895dca18ff/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Common characteristic of self-splicing mRNA’s
![Page 20: Key points: summarized from chapter 14](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/56815c34550346895dca18ff/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Comments on Alternative processing methods
First: What are the methods of mRNA processing discussed so far?
5’ CAP3’ Poly A TailIntron Splicing
![Page 21: Key points: summarized from chapter 14](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/56815c34550346895dca18ff/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Alternative processing methods
Alternative splicing Multiple 3’cleavage sites RNA editing
![Page 22: Key points: summarized from chapter 14](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/56815c34550346895dca18ff/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
![Page 23: Key points: summarized from chapter 14](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/56815c34550346895dca18ff/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
![Page 24: Key points: summarized from chapter 14](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/56815c34550346895dca18ff/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
BRAINThryoidAnd alternative splicing example
![Page 25: Key points: summarized from chapter 14](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/56815c34550346895dca18ff/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
![Page 26: Key points: summarized from chapter 14](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/56815c34550346895dca18ff/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Silencing or interfering RNAs
siRNA miRNA
![Page 27: Key points: summarized from chapter 14](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/56815c34550346895dca18ff/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
![Page 28: Key points: summarized from chapter 14](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/56815c34550346895dca18ff/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Onto translation chapter 15