kevin jennings assistant deputy secretary office of safe and drug free schools department of...
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Kevin JenningsAssistant Deputy Secretary Office of Safe and Drug Free SchoolsDepartment of Education
U.S. Department of EducationFederal Education Priorities and Creating Safe
SchoolsAnnual Convention of the NYS Congress of
Parents and TeachersNew York State PTANovember 12, 2010
Buffalo, NY
What’s the goal at ED?
President Obama: “Produce a higher
percentage of college graduates than any other country in the world by the end of the next decade.”
Sources: The College Board, Education Pays 2010, Figure 1.1; U.S. Census Bureau, 2009; Internal Revenue Service, 2008; Davis et al., 2009; calculations by the authors
More Education, Longer Life
Source: National Longitudinal Mortality Study, 1988-1998
The US is Falling Behind in HS Graduation Rates
Approximate percentage of persons with high school or equivalent qualifications in the age group 25-64
1 27
13 1
1. Year of reference 2004.2. Including some ISCED 3C short
programs3. Year of reference 2003.
Source: Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), Education at a Glance 2008
High School Graduation Rates among OECD nations, 2007
Note: 1995 graduation rates are calculated on a gross basis whereas 2007 are calculated as net graduation rates (for countries with available data).1. Year of reference 2006.Countries are ranked in descending order of the upper secondary graduation rates in 2007.Source: Education at a Glance 2009: OECD Indicators. Table A2.2. (www.oecd.org/edu/eag2009).
U.S. : Higher Ed Leader in the Sixties, the Laggard Today
Percent of Adults with an Associate Degree or Higher by Age Group - U.S. & Leading OECD Countries
Source: OECD, Education at a Glance 2008
New York Lags the Nation in Graduation RatesAveraged Freshman Graduation Rate, School Year 2007-2008
U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Common Core of Data. "NCES Common Core of Data State Dropout and Completion Data File." School Year 2007–08, Version 1b. Retrieved at http://nces.ed.gov/pubs2010/graduates/tables/table_01.asp
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Asian/Pacific Islander
White American Indian/Alaska
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Black Hispanic
New York Achievement GapAveraged Freshman Graduation Rate, by race/ethnicity: 2007 -2008
National Center for Education Statistics. (2010). Public School Graduates and Dropouts From the Common Core of Data: School Year 2007-2008. NCES 2010-341.
Where does the Office of Safe & Drug Free Schools fit in?
It’s simple.
Students can’t learn if they don’t feel safe.
Period.
Success? It’s a Basic Equation
(Safe Schools)(Healthy Students)=Academic Success
In a Truly Safe School Every Student Feels Like…
They Belong.
They are Valued.
They Feel Physically and Emotionally Safe.
Substance Use
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Louisiana - #1 in the country New York - #11 in the country
Utah- #42 in the country
New York Students are Drinkers% of students who currently drink alcohol
Center for Disease Control and Prevention. (4 June 2010). Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance- United States 2009. Surveillance Summaries, MMWR 2010;59 (No. SS-5)
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North Dakota - #1 in the country
New York - #22 in the country
Utah- #41 in the country
New York Students Engage in High Risk Drinking% of students who binge drink
Center for Disease Control and Prevention. (4 June 2010). Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance- United States 2009. Surveillance Summaries, MMWR 2010;59 (No. SS-5)
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New Mexico - #1 in the country
New York - #17 in the country
Utah - #42 in the country
New York Students Use Marijuana% of students who currently use marijuana
Center for Disease Control and Prevention. (4 June 2010). Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance- United States 2009. Surveillance Summaries, MMWR 2010;59 (No. SS-5)
Physical Safety
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Arkansas -#1 in the country New York - #18 in the country
South Dakota - #41 in the country
New York Students are Afraid to go to SchoolPercentage of high school students who did not go to school because they felt unsafe at
school or on their way to or from school
Center for Disease Control and Prevention. (4 June 2010). Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance- United States 2009. Surveillance Summaries, MMWR 2010;59 (No. SS-5)
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Wyoming- #1 in the country New York - #28 in the country
New Jersey - #41 in the country
Weapons are Fairly Rare in New York Schools% of students who carried a weapon on school property
Center for Disease Control and Prevention. (4 June 2010). Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance- United States 2009. Surveillance Summaries, MMWR 2010;59 (No. SS-5)
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Arkansas- #1 in the country New York - #23 in the country
Pennsylvania - #39 in the country
Weapons are Fairly Rare in New York SchoolsPercentage of high school students who were threatened or injured with a weapon on
school property
Center for Disease Control and Prevention. (4 June 2010). Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance- United States 2009. Surveillance Summaries, MMWR 2010;59 (No. SS-5)
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New Mexico - #1 in the country
New York - #13 in the country
North Dakota - #41 in the country
Fighting in Not Rare in New York SchoolsPercentage of high school students who were in a physical fight on school property
Center for Disease Control and Prevention. (4 June 2010). Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance- United States 2009. Surveillance Summaries, MMWR 2010;59 (No. SS-5)
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Wyoming- #1 in the country New York - #25 in the country
Florida - #34 in the country
Bullying is Fairly Common in New York SchoolsPercentage of High School Students who Were Bullied on School Property
Center for Disease Control and Prevention. (4 June 2010). Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance- United States 2009. Surveillance Summaries, MMWR 2010;59 (No. SS-5)
Who Bullies, Who Gets Bullied, Who Enables: Understanding Roles
in Bullying
Some Groups are Singled Out for Harassment
Question: “At your school, how often are students bullied, called names or harassed for the following reasons?”
Source: From Teasing to Torment: School Climate in America 2005
Rivers, I., Poteat, V.P., Noret, N., Ashurt, N. (2009). Observing Bullying at School: The Mental Health Implication of Witness Status. School Psychology Quarterly. 24:4, 211-223.
Rivers, I., Poteat, V.P., Noret, N., Ashurt, N. (2009). Observing Bullying at School: The Mental Health Implication of Witness Status. School Psychology Quarterly. 24:4, 211-223.
What Characterizes a Bully?
• High rates of “externalizing behavior”- Having behaviors consistent with ADD, ADHD, Oppositional/Defiant Disorder, or Conduct Disorder
- Being Highly Aggressive
• Having negative perceptions of “others”: people unlike themselves
Cook, C. R., Williams, K.R., Guerra, N.G., Kim, T.E.m & Sadek, S. (2010). Predictors of bullying and victimization in childhood and adolescence: A meta-analytic investigation. School Psychology Quarterly, 25(2), 65-83.
What Characterizes a Victim?
•Low Social Competence-Lack basic social skills
- Unable to easily make friends
• Peer Rejection
Cook, C. R., Williams, K.R., Guerra, N.G., Kim, T.E.m & Sadek, S. (2010). Predictors of bullying and victimization in childhood and adolescence: A meta-analytic investigation. School Psychology Quarterly, 25(2), 65-83.
What Characterizes a Bully-Victim?
A bully-victim is someone who is both the perpetrator and the target of bullying
behavior
• Bully-victims show similarly low-levels of social competency as only-victims.
• Bully-victims are more easily influenced by their peers than only-victims.
Cook, C. R., Williams, K.R., Guerra, N.G., Kim, T.E.m & Sadek, S. (2010). Predictors of bullying and victimization in childhood and adolescence: A meta-analytic investigation. School Psychology Quarterly, 25(2), 65-83.
AssistantsReinforce
rsOutsiders Defenders
Rivers, I., Poteat, V.P., Noret, N., Ashurt, N. (2009). Observing Bullying at School: The Mental Health Implication of Witness Status. School Psychology Quarterly. 24:4, 211-223.
Witnesses
Role of Bystanders in Instances of Bullying
Why the Problem Persists…and What We Can do
Teachers and Students Make a Difference
In classrooms where both students and teachers had strong attitudes and
actions against bullying and aggression rates of aggression were
1/3 to ½ of classes where peers alone (and not teachers) had strong attitudes against aggression
Henry, D., Guerra, N., Huessmann, R., Tolan, P., VanAcker, R., & Eron, L. (2000). Normative influences on aggression in urban elementary school classrooms. Amerian Journal of Community Psychology, 28(1), 59-81.
Peer Intervention Works, but Isn’t Common
Of bullying episodes in which peers intervened, 57% of the interventions were effective (i.e., the bullying stopped within 10 seconds).
Peers intervene in only 11-19% of all bullying incidents.
Source: Hawkins, Pepler and Craig 2001
Petrosino, A., Guckenburg, S., DeVoe, J. and Hanson, T. (2010). What characteristics of bullying, bullying victims, and schools are associated with increased reporting of bullying to school officials? (Issues & Answers Report, REL 2010- No.092). Washington, DC: US Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Evaluation and Regional Assistance, Regional Education Laboratory Northeast and Islands. Retrieved from http://ies.ed.gov/ncee/edlabs.
Petrosino, A., Guckenburg, S., DeVoe, J. and Hanson, T. (2010). What characteristics of bullying, bullying victims, and schools are associated with increased reporting of bullying to school officials? (Issues & Answers Report, REL 2010- No.092). Washington, DC: US Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Evaluation and Regional Assistance, Regional Education Laboratory Northeast and Islands. Retrieved from http://ies.ed.gov/ncee/edlabs.
Petrosino, A., Guckenburg, S., DeVoe, J. and Hanson, T. (2010). What characteristics of bullying, bullying victims, and schools are associated with increased reporting of bullying to school officials? (Issues & Answers Report, REL 2010- No.092). Washington, DC: US Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Evaluation and Regional Assistance, Regional Education Laboratory Northeast and Islands. Retrieved from http://ies.ed.gov/ncee/edlabs.
Every School Should…
Every Teacher Should…
Every Student Should…
Source: HRSA Stop Bullying Now!
Every Parent Should…
Source: HRSA Stop Bullying Now!
Cyber Bullying
Today’s Teens Love Technology Percentage of teens who…
Source: The National Campaign to Prevent Teen and Unplanned Pregnancy.
Victimization Perpetration
“Sexting” is CommonPercentage of teens sending or posting sexually suggestive
messages (text, email, IM)
Source: The National Campaign to Prevent Teen and Unplanned Pregnancy.
Peer Pressure?Percentage of teens who said pressure from a member of the
opposite sex is a reason to send sexy messages or images
Source: The National Campaign to Prevent Teen and Unplanned Pregnancy.
Vegas Syndrome
61% of teens “strongly” and “somewhat agree” that
“People my age are more forward/aggressive using
sexy messages and pictures/video than they are
in real life”
Source: The National Campaign to Prevent Teen and Unplanned Pregnancy.
Talk to your kids about what they are doing in cyberspace.
Know who your kids are communicating with.
Consider limitations on electronic communication.
Be aware of what your teens are posting publicly.
Set expectations.
Every Parent Should…
Source: The National Campaign to Prevent Teen and Unplanned Pregnancy.
What’s the Washington Agenda?
Tie Safe Schools into Ed Reform Agenda
Build robust data systems
that track student progress
and improve practice.Safe Schools: Measure school safety with the
same rigor we measure academic progress
What Gets Measured is What Gets Done
Safe and Supportive Schools (s3) Model:A New Approach to K-12 School Safety
Draft s3 Model. Please do not circulate without consent from the Office of Safe and Drug-Free Schools. Please contact Kristen Harper ([email protected]) with questions or
concerns.
Winners of Safe and Supportive Schools Grants
ArizonaCaliforniaIowaLouisianaKansasMarylandMichiganSouth CarolinaTennesseeWest VirginiaWisconsin
Carl Joseph Walker Hoover
1998-2009
Pheobe Prince10th Grade
South Hadley, MA1994 – January
2010
Carl Joseph Walker Hoover
6th GradeSpringfield, MA
1998 – April 2009
Christian Taylor9th Grade
Richmond, VA1994 – May 2010
Tyler ClementiCollege Freshman
Ridgewood, NJ1992 – September
2010
Asher Brown8th GradeHarris, TX
1997 – September 2010
Seth Walsh8th Grade
Tehachapi, CA1997 – September
2010
Justin Aaberg10th GradeAnoka, MN
1995 – July 2010
Hope Witsell8th GradeRuskin, FL
1996 – September 2009
