DIGITAL CITIZENSHIP PROJECT

Kelley HopkinsED 505

WHAT IS DIGITAL CITIZENSHIP

Digital citizenship includes rules and guidelines to help technology users understand how to use technology appropriately

Categories of Digital Citizenship Netiquette Copyright and Fair Use Plagiarism Safety on the Internet Safety on the Computer

NETIQUETTE ON SOCIAL MEDIA SITES

NETIQUETTE ON SOCIAL SITES

What is netiquette? Netiquette is network etiquette, or a set of rules

for behaving properly online

Guidelines exist for understanding how to behave when in cyberspace

A complete list of guidelines can be found at http://www.albion.com/netiquette/corerules.html

NETIQUETTE ON SOCIAL SITES

Do’s and Don’ts of Social Netiquettes DO…

Behave ethically Take time to research places you go online Put your best foot forward (others can see what you

put online, even your boss!) Share knowledge Be forgiving of others mistakes

(Shea, 2011)

NETIQUETTE ON SOCIAL SITES

DON’T…

Participate in “flaming,” which is when people express strong opinions without holding back emotion (Shea, 2011)

Invade other’s privacy Forget you are interacting with humans Abuse your power Send SPAM or chain e-mails

(Shea, 2011)

COPYRIGHT AND FAIR USE

COPYRIGHT AND FAIR USE

Copyright is defined by Merriam Webster as…

“the exclusive legal right to reproduce, publish, sell or redistribute the matter and form of something (as a literary,

musical, or artistic work)”

(Merriam Webster, 2012)

COPYRIGHT AND FAIR USE

Copyright Categories Include: Literary works Musical works Dramatic works Choreographic works Pictorial, graphic, and sculptural works Motion pictures and AV works Sound recordings Architectural works

(Parness, 2012)

COPYRIGHT AND FAIR USE

Fair Use is defined by Merriam Webster as…

“a legal doctrine that portions of copyrighted materials may be used without permission of the copyright owner provided the use is fair and

reasonable, does not substantially impair the value of the materials, and does not curtail the profits reasonably expected

by the owner”(Merriam-Webster, 2012)

COPYRIGHT AND FAIR USE

Fair use allows for copyrighted materials to be used for educational purposes without needing permission from the owners of the material

Fair use depends on four factors: The purpose of the used material The nature of the used material The amount of material used The affect on the market of the original owner

(Crews, 2011)

COPYRIGHT AND FAIR USE

Fair Use Rules for Media Teachers can make copies of…

A chapter from a book (the lesser of 10% or 1000 words)

An article from a periodical A short story, essay, or poem (poem of 250 words

of less) Copies of an article, essay, or story (2500 words

or less or less than 10 %) Copies of charts, graphs, diagrams, or pictures (no

more than 10% or 5 images/artist Music (up to 10% but no longer than 30 seconds)(UMUC, 2011)

PLAGIARISM

PLAGIARISM

Plagiarize is defined by Merriam Webster as…

“to steal and pass off (the ideas or words of another) as one's own : use (another's

production) without crediting the source “ Or

“to commit literary theft : present as new and original an idea or product derived from an

existing source”

(Merriam-Webster, 2012)

PLAGIARISM

How to Avoid Plagiarism

Learn: How to cite sources and give credit where

credit is due In-text citations as well as a reference page

How to paraphrase correctly To use your own ideas

(The College Board, 2012)

PLAGIARISM

Ways to Check For Plagiarism

There are many websites that will check for plagiarism. These include: Turnitin.com Plagiarismchecker.com Academicplagiarism.com Checkforplagiarism.net

SAFETY ON THE INTERNET

SAFETY ON THE INTERNET

Safety Issues on the Internet Include…

Identity Theft Reputation Management Password Safety Cyberbullying Cyberstalking

SAFETY ON THE INTERNET

Identity theft occurs when someone steals your identify information, such as your name, social security number, or financial information

As many as 9 million Americans have their identity stolen each year

Identity theft happens by: Dumpster diving Skimming Phishing (SPAM e-mail) Changing your address

(FTC, 2012)

SAFETY ON THE INTERNET

Ways to Protect Yourself from Identity Theft

Monitor all accounts on a monthly basis Be aware of what is happening to your

accounts Check your credit reports regularly BE AWARE!

SAFETY ON THE INTERNET

Steps to Managing Your Online Reputation

Register your username on websites Manage privacy settings carefully Set up monitor alerts to catch every mention of

your name Get involved in the online conversation Build credibility

(Outspoken Media, 2011)

SAFETY ON THE INTERNET

Choosing Passwords

Your password authenticates who you are to your computer

Computer users should choose strong passwords that are difficult to decipher

Computer users should also take every caution to safeguard their passwords

SAFETY ON THE INTERNET

How to Choose a Good Password

Choose a password with at least six characters

Mix upper and lower case with other punctuation

Use uncommon phrases Use misspelled words Use a password that would be random to

anyone but yourself(Wells, 2012)

SAFETY ON THE INTERNET

Tips for Safeguarding a Password

Do NOT share your password with anyone Make your password something easy to

remember Make your password difficult for others to

guess Do NOT fall victim to an e-mail scam asking

for you to change your password

(Wells, 2012)

SAFETY ON THE INTERNET

Cyberbullying is defined as…“when a child, preteen or teen is tormented, threatened, harassed, humiliated, embarrassed or otherwise targeted by another child, preteen or teen using the Internet, interactive and digital technologies or mobile phones. It has to have a minor on both sides, or at least have been instigated by a minor against another minor.”

(Wired Kids, 2012)

SAFETY ON THE INTERNET

There are two types of cyberbullying Direct attacks: those sent directly to the child

Direct attacks may be perpetrated through text, e-mail, on blogs, websites, or other social media

Cyberbullying by proxy: where the bullying is done using the help of another person, either knowingly or unknowingly

Cyberbullying by proxy can sometimes become even more dangerous if adults become involved

(Wired Kids, 2012)

SAFETY ON THE INTERNET

Preventing cyberbullying can be done by: Educating children about the consequences Teaching children how to respect each other

and take a stand Explaining cyberbullying laws to children

Great information about cyberbullying can be found at www.stopcyberbullying.org

(Wired Kids, 2012)

SAFETY ON THE INTERNET

Cyberstalking is “threatening behavior or unwanted advances directed at another using the Internet and other forms of online and computer communications”

Cyberstalkers stalk their victims through online media, such as chat rooms, forums, and e-mail

Some cyberstalking situations advance to off-line stalking, which can result in excessive phone calls, threats, vandalism, and even assault

(National Center for Victims of Crime, 2011)

SAFETY ON THE INTERNET

Help for victims of cyberstalking Victims under age 18 should tell an adult Send the stalker a clear warning in written form that the communication is not wanted File a complaint with Internet providers Collect evidence and documentation Keep a log of communication Contact local authorities Change personal information, such as e-mail

addresses and phone numbers

(National Center for Victims of Crime, 2011)

SAFETY ON YOUR COMPUTER

SAFETY ON YOUR COMPUTER

Safety on your computer can be compromised by:

Viruses Phishing Trojan Horses Worms

SAFETY ON YOUR COMPUTER

According to Merriam Webster, a virus is…“a computer program usually hidden within another

seemingly innocuous program that produces copies of itself and inserts them into other programs or files, and

that usually performs a malicious action (such as destroying data)”

There are two categories of viruses Macro virus Worms

Viruses are always man-made, but they can’t always be controlled once they are started

(Merriam Webster, 2012; UITS, 2010)

SAFETY ON YOUR COMPUTER

Facts about computer viruses

A virus is the result of a program someone has written and placed inside a computer program

Some viruses can erase all the information on the place it is found inside your computer

Once in your computer, a virus hides in a computer’s memory and starts duplicating itself when the program it is attached to is run

Viruses can affect RAM and computer discs Programs have been developed to detect and fix viruses

found on a computer(Beal, 2011)

SAFETY ON YOUR COMPUTER

Phishing is a method of online identity theft Phishers can steal your personal and financial

data Phishers can also infect your computer with

viruses Phishing involves:

Planning Setup Attack Collection Identity theft / fraud

(How Stuff Works, 2011)

SAFETY ON YOUR COMPUTER

A trojan horse is a program that does something that the installer is unaware of but the programmer

planned

A trojan horse appears to be useful software but does damage to your computer once it is installed

Trojan horses can cause serious damage to your computer by deleting important files or destroying system information

Trojan horses to not reproduce to infect other files or self-replicate

(Beal, 2011)

SAFETY ON YOUR COMPUTER

Worms Are a sub-class of a computer virus Can spread from computer to computer

without human help Can replicate itself on your system, thus

sending out thousands of copies rather than just one virus

Can travel across networks, causing individual, server, and network problems

(Beal, 2011)

SAFETY ON YOUR COMPUTER

Preventing Computer Attacks Keep your Operating System up to date Install an anti-virus software, such as

Norton Anti-Virus Download updates frequently

Use a firewall to prevent unauthorized use of your system

(Beal, 2011)

REFERENCES

Beal, V. (2011, March 29). The difference between a computer virus, worm, and trojan horse. Retrieved from http://www.webopedia.com/DidYouKnow/Internet/2004/virus.asp Copyright. 2012. In Merriam-Webster.com. Retrieved February 8, 2012, from http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/copyrightCrews, K. (2011, December 22). Copyright quick guide. Retrieved from http://copyright.columbia.edu/copyright/copyright-in-general/copyright-quickguideFair Use. 2012. In Merriam-Webster.com. Retrieved February 9, 2012, from http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/fairuseFTC. (2012). Fighting back against identity theft. Retrieved from http://www.ftc.gov/bcp/edu/microsites/idtheft/consumers/about-identity-theft.html How Stuff Works. (2011). How phishing works. Retrieved from http://computer.howstuffworks.com/phishing.htmNational Center for Victims of Crime. (2011). Cyberstalking. Retrieved from http://www.ncvc.org/ncvc/main.aspx?dbName=DocumentViewer&DocumentID=32458Outspoken Media. (2011). The online reputation management guide. Retrieved from http://outspokenmedia.com/guides/orm-guide/ Parness, A. (2012). Copyright basics. Retrieved from http://www.copyrightkids.org/cbasicsframes.htm Plagiarize. 2012. In Merriam-Webster.com. Retrieved February 9, 2012, from http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/plagiarize

REFERENCES

Shea, V. (2011). The core rules of netiquette. Retrieved from http://www.albion.com/netiquette/corerules.html The College Board. (2012). How to avoid plagiarism: Give credit where credit's due. Retrieved from http://www.collegeboard.com/student/plan/college-success/10314.html UITS. (2010). What are viruses, worms, & trojan horses. Retrieved from http://kb.iu.edu/data/aehm.htmlUniversity of Maryland College. (2011, January 28). Copyright and fair use in the umuc online or face-to-face classroom . Retrieved from http://www.umuc.edu/library/libhow/copyright.cfmViruses. 2012. In Merriam-Webster.com. Retrieved February 9, 2012, from http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/virusesWells, S. (2012, January 16). Choosing a good password. Retrieved from http://www.ghostnetinc.com/index.php/2012/01/16/choosing-a-good-password/ Wired Kids. (2012). Stop cyberbullying. Retrieved from http://www.stopcyberbullying.org/what_is_cyberbullying_exactly.html