kek seminar, 5/nov/2008univ. of tsukuba, shinichi esumi1 jet correlation (mach-cone, ridge) at rhic...
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KEK seminar, 5/Nov/2008 Univ. of Tsukuba, ShinIchi Esumi 1
Jet correlation (Mach-cone, Ridge) at RHIC
ShinIchi Esumi Inst. of Physics, Univ. of Tsukuba
Contents•Jet-Suppression and Modification•Mach-cone and Ridge•Identified Particle Correlation•Correlation w.r.t. Reaction Plane
KEK seminar, 5/Nov/2008 Univ. of Tsukuba, ShinIchi Esumi 2
Au + Au
Use Jet as a probe of High-Energy and Density Matter Jet in p+p, d+Au or Peripheral Au+Au Collision as a Base Line Subtraction of Non-Correlated BG in Central Heavy-Ion Collisions
p + p Au + Aud + Au
KEK seminar, 5/Nov/2008 Univ. of Tsukuba, ShinIchi Esumi 3
RHIC 200GeV SPS 17GeVRHIC 62GeV
PHENIXnucl-ex/0611019
S.Kniege, ISMD 2007
jet
p p
Au Au
Jet suppression modification with 2-particle correlation
KEK seminar, 5/Nov/2008 Univ. of Tsukuba, ShinIchi Esumi 4
p+p vs Au+Au cent 60-92%
KEK seminar, 5/Nov/2008 Univ. of Tsukuba, ShinIchi Esumi 5
p+p vs Au+Au cent 0-20%
KEK seminar, 5/Nov/2008 Univ. of Tsukuba, ShinIchi Esumi 6
STAR, Phys. Rev. Lett. 97 (2006) 162301
8 < pT(trig) < 15 GeV/c
KEK seminar, 5/Nov/2008 Univ. of Tsukuba, ShinIchi Esumi 7
Away RegionShoulder Region Head RegionShoulder Region
Near Region
large BG subtraction with v2 like flow shape
regiondouble peak region
Same Side Far Side
description of jet shapewith several key words
KEK seminar, 5/Nov/2008 Univ. of Tsukuba, ShinIchi Esumi 8
Phys. Rev. Lett. 97, 052301 (2006) Leadinghadrons
Medium
PRL 98 232302 (2007)
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System Size and Beam Energy Dependence of Jet Shape
nucl-ex/0611019
No energy dependence (62 ~ 200GeV)Rapid change between Npart = 0 ~ 100Almost no change above Npart > 100
KEK seminar, 5/Nov/2008 Univ. of Tsukuba, ShinIchi Esumi 10
arXiv:0801.4545
Transverse Momentum (Trigger, Associate) Dependence of Jet Shape
Suppression in both near/away side peak at high pT
Enhancement in near side peak at low pT
Development of away side shoulder at low pT
No pT dependence of shoulder peak position
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STAR Preliminary
(1-2)/2
(1-2)/2
STAR Preliminary
Cone angle (radians)
pT (GeV/c)
d+Au Collisions
Au+Au Central 0-12%
3-particle correlation “12 vs 13”
No pT dependence, too.
Trigger
Asso.1
Asso.2
Asso.2
KEK seminar, 5/Nov/2008 Univ. of Tsukuba, ShinIchi Esumi 12
along azimuth
Polar plot
3 Particle Correlations in High pT Framework (*)
Normal Jet
Same Side
Away Side
*φ
*θ
Assoc. pTs (2,3)
*θ12
*θ =
along radius
*12
*13
* _=
Hi pT(1)
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Deflected jet sim
3-Particle di-jet correlations allow a distinction between different mechanistic scenarios !
Mach Cone sim
Deflected and Cone Jet Sims
2-particle Correlations matched
High pT(1) High pT(1)
KEK seminar, 5/Nov/2008 Univ. of Tsukuba, ShinIchi Esumi 14
θ*=
*=
PHENIX Preliminary PHENIX Preliminary
Cone like Jets
Deflected Jets
Deflected jet simulation Mach Cone simulation
KEK seminar, 5/Nov/2008 Univ. of Tsukuba, ShinIchi Esumi 15
p+p, peripheral Au+Au central Au+Au PHENIX QM08
d+Au, 200 GeV STAR QM06
(rad)
RidgeRidge
“jet”
Au+Au, 200 GeV
KEK seminar, 5/Nov/2008 Univ. of Tsukuba, ShinIchi Esumi 16
preliminaryJet+Ridge ()Jet ()Jet)
yie
ld
,
)
Npart
Au+Au 0-10%
RidgeRidge
“jet”
STAR QM06
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QM08 PHENIX
Centrality Dependence of Ridge and Shoulder Yield and <pT>
Both ridge and shoulder yields increase linearly with Npart. Similar (flat) centrality dependence on inverse slope parameter for both ridge and shoulder.Jet (p+p) like pT shape is harder than ridge, ridge is harder than shoulder, shoulder is similar to inclusive.
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STAR Preliminary
TInclusive ~ TShoulder ~ TRidge < TJet
QM06
QM08
ridge
jet
inclusive
< <
Both ridge and shoulder <pT> are almost independent with centrality and trigger pT selections.It’s just like a bulk matter… suspicious on BG(bulk) subtraction… but this is what we see…
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yt1
yt2
transverse correlations
yt ~ ln(pt)
0.5
1
2
34
pT (Gev/c)
STAR Preliminary
2-particle correlation without high pT trigger selection
200GeV p+p
hard component
ηΔ
φΔ
soft component
ηΔ
φΔ
Longitudinal Fragmentation (“strings”) 1D Gaussian, US pairsHBT peak at origin, LS pairs
Minijets 2D Gaussian at origin, away-side peak actually cos(φΔ)
J of Phys: Conf 27 (2005) 98
These structures define minijet cor
relations
M. Daugherity, QM08
axial correlations
ηΔ
φΔ
KEK seminar, 5/Nov/2008 Univ. of Tsukuba, ShinIchi Esumi 20
longitudinal fragmentation1D gaussian
HBT, res., e+e-2D exponential
Minijet Peak2D gaussian
Away-side -cos(φ)
ΔηΔφ
Elliptic flowcos(2φΔ)
1.2M minbias 200 GeV Au+Au eventsIncluded all tracks with pT > 0.15 GeV/c, || < 1, full φ
84-93%
28-38%
75-84%
19-28%
65-75% 55-65% 46-55%
9-19% 5-9% 0-5%
M. Daugherity, QM08
STAR Preliminary
KEK seminar, 5/Nov/2008 Univ. of Tsukuba, ShinIchi Esumi 21
Centrality
200 GeV62 GeV
STAR Preliminary STAR Preliminary STAR PreliminaryPeak Amplitude Peak η Width Peak φ Width
HIJING 1.382 default200 GeV, quench off
binary scaling assumptionin Kharzeev and Nardi model
data - fit (except same-side peak)
Shape changes little from peripheral to the transition
83-94% 55-65%
ηΔ width
STAR Preliminary
STAR Preliminary
Large change within ~10%
centrality
46-55%
STAR Preliminary
Smaller change from transition to most central
0-5%
STAR Preliminary
QM08 STARE
xtracted 2-D near-side G
aussian param
eters are shown. T
he strong
width change vs centrality should h
ave a relation to the ridge formatio
n.
longitudinal (densitycorrelation length
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arXiv:0712.3033
Near/Away-side B/M ratio increases in centralAway-side B/M ratios approach inclusive valuesIncompatible with in-vacuum fragmentation
Hadron trigger with identified associate Baryon/Meson
KEK seminar, 5/Nov/2008 Univ. of Tsukuba, ShinIchi Esumi 23
Baryon/meson ratio in ridge close to inclusive, in jet close to p+p
pTtrig > 4.0 GeV/c
2.0 < pTAssoc
< pTtrig
C. Suarez et al, QM08 M. Lam
ont et al, QM
05 J. Bielcikova et al, W
WN
D07, C
. Nattrass et al, Q
M08
Different production mechanisms for ridge and jet?
Au+Au: 2 < pTtrig < 3 GeV/c
Cu+Cu: 3 < pTtrig < 6 GeV/c
p+
p /
++-
Associated baryon/meson ratios
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Idea: Distinguish
and
No acceptance
1 jet-like associated, 1 ridge-like:Bands along axes
Both ridge particles on one side: diagonal structure
Ridge particles on either side:uniform -
12
trigger
No acceptance
Ridge event-by-event: 3-particle
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STAR Preliminary
dAu
AuAu0-12%
STAR Preliminary
STAR Preliminary
dAu
AuAu0-12%
3<pTTrig<10 GeV/c
1<pTAsso<3 GeV/c
Shaded : sys. error.
Line : v2 uncer.
STAR Preliminary
dAu
AuAu0-12%
P. Netrakanti et al, QM08
Note : 2x1 b.g. subtracted
Radial distribution
- structure: central peak + uniform
No substructure in ridge: no gluon fragments?
Note absence of excess along axes: no jet+ridge events?
STAR Preliminary
- results
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|ηtrig|<13<pT
trig<10 GeV/c
2.7<|ηassoc|<3.90.2<pT
assoc< 2 GeV/c
KEK seminar, 5/Nov/2008 Univ. of Tsukuba, ShinIchi Esumi 27
Trigger: MTPC: 3<pTtrig<4 GeV/c,
Associated: FTPC: 0.2<pTassoc< 2 GeV/c, MTPC: 0.2<pT
assoc< 3 GeV/c
pp MBdAu MB
AuAu 60-80%AuAu 0-10%AuAu 0-5%
KEK seminar, 5/Nov/2008 Univ. of Tsukuba, ShinIchi Esumi 28
PHENIX preliminary
Identified 0 trigger with associate hadron
Width does not change with centrality similar to charged hadron triggered case.
7-9 (X) 1-20-20%
7-9 (X) 4-50-20%
7-9 (X) 4-520-40%
7-9 (X) 4-540-60%
7-9 (X) 4-560-90%
7-9 (X) 6-840-60%
QM08 PHENIX
KEK seminar, 5/Nov/2008 Univ. of Tsukuba, ShinIchi Esumi 29
1/N
trig
dN
/d
(A.U
.)
pT, photon GeV
Per-
Tri
gg
er
Yie
ld (
A.U
.)
Run 6 p+p @ 200 GeV
0
Run 7 Au+Au @ 200 GeV, cent=0~20%, preliminary
Direct trigger with associate hadronQM08 PHENIX
p+p: C
onsistent with trigger photon carr
ying the full jet energy, away side jets ar
e similar betw
een 0 and
triggers.
Need m
ore studies and statistics for A
u+A
u case.
Run 4/5 p+p/Au+Au @ 200 GeV
KEK seminar, 5/Nov/2008 Univ. of Tsukuba, ShinIchi Esumi 30
3<pTtrig<4GeV/c & 1.0<pT
asso<1.5GeV/c 20-60%STAR
= associate - trigger (rad)
Jet modification and geometry(and v2)
QM08: STAR, PHENIX
QM04: STAR
Mach-cone shape depends on R.P. angle.Mach-cone is a source of of v2
KEK seminar, 5/Nov/2008 Univ. of Tsukuba, ShinIchi Esumi 31
STAR Preliminary
Rid
ge
Jet
3<pTtrig<4, 1.5<pT
trig<2.0 GeV/c
QM08 STAR
STAR
(rad)
RidgeRidge
“jet”Au+Au, 200 GeVRidge/Cone and
geometry (v2)
Ridge shape depends on R.P. angle.Ridge is a source of of v2
Jet does not depends on itJet reduces v2
Jet
Rid
ge
Shou
lder
(co
ne)
Hea
d (
)Rid
ge
Shou
lder
(co
ne)
v2
v2
KEK seminar, 5/Nov/2008 Univ. of Tsukuba, ShinIchi Esumi 32
(rad)
PYTHIA p+ptrigger
near side
away sidey
x
(1) away side of a back-to-back(b-t-b) jet is wider in than in (2) If there are two parallel b-t-b jets, away side of one b-t-b jet can be
near side of the another b-t-b jet.(3) Suppression as well as modification of b-t-b jet would depend on re
lative angle w.r.t. almond geometry, we know this from v2 measurement and believe this is the major source of v2 at high pT .
(4) Therefore, there should be inter b-t-b jets correlation give by the geometry from (3), this could make near side ridge like effect, especially if the effect (3) has shaper dependence than v2(=cos2x).
(5) We always measure inclusive v2, which includes the effect (3). Therefore any modification which could generates the elliptic anisotropy would be included in the measured v2 .
(6) We subtract BG contribution with this v2 from (5) by maximizing BG contribution assuming zero jet yield at minimum at any d.
(7) If near and away side jets overlap each other, this subtraction underestimates the jet yield and can change the extracted jet shape.
(8) If you extract angular dependence of jet w.r.t. R.P., the results will easily be affected by the choice of v2 from (5).
KEK seminar, 5/Nov/2008 Univ. of Tsukuba, ShinIchi Esumi 33
AMPT 200GeV Au+Au → charged hadrons (|y|<2.0)
string-melting 10mbstring-melting 3mbdefault AMPT 3mb
b = 12 fm ~ b = 8~12 fm b = 4~8 fm b = 0~4 fm
1/N
trig
. dN
asso
./d|
trig
.-as
so.|
|trig.-asso.| (rad)
pTasso. : 0.7-1.7GeV/c
pTtrig. : 1.7-4GeV/c
KEK seminar, 5/Nov/2008 Univ. of Tsukuba, ShinIchi Esumi 34
AMPT 200GeV Au+Au → charged hadrons (|y|<2.0)pT
asso. : 0.7-1.7GeV/cpT
trig. : 1.7-4GeV/c
trigger at in-planeaveragetrigger at out-of-plane
b = 12 fm ~ b = 8~12 fm b = 4~8 fm b = 0~4 fm
|trig.-asso.| (rad)
1/N
trig
. dN
asso
./d|
trig
.-as
so.|
KEK seminar, 5/Nov/2008 Univ. of Tsukuba, ShinIchi Esumi 35
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(1)
Trigger
particle
x(R.P.) x(R.P.)
yy
(2)Trigger
particle
ASSO.TRIG.
associate particle direction at
same || w.r.t. trigger particle
but with different arrow length
associate particle direction at
same || w.r.t. red dashed line
but with different arrow length
In order to study the jet modification (mach-cone, ridge) and it’s relation with almond geometry in more detail…
with and without R.P. aligned event mixing
KEK seminar, 5/Nov/2008 Univ. of Tsukuba, ShinIchi Esumi 36
AMPT 200GeV Au+Audefault option melting-on
0~9%
9~19%
19~39%
39~100%
(1) (2) (3) (4) (all)(1) (2) (3) (4) (all)
0~9%
9~19%
19~39%
39~100%
KEK seminar, 5/Nov/2008 Univ. of Tsukuba, ShinIchi Esumi 37
KEK seminar, 5/Nov/2008 Univ. of Tsukuba, ShinIchi Esumi 38
Summary and Conclusion・ 2- and 3- particle correlation and transverse momentum dependence of jet-modification tells us that it is likely a mach-cone. ・Mach-cone and ridge are almost as soft as inclusive particles. ・ Identified particle (baryon, meson, 0, ) correlation measurements.・Mach-cone and ridge w.r.t. reaction plane angle tells us that this is a part of v2
KEK seminar, 5/Nov/2008 Univ. of Tsukuba, ShinIchi Esumi 39
Extra and Back-up Slides
KEK seminar, 5/Nov/2008 Univ. of Tsukuba, ShinIchi Esumi 40
PRC71 0519022.4<pT
Trig<4 GeV/c 1.7< pTAsso<2.5 Ge
V/c
Identified Baryon/Meson trigger with associate hadron
Enhanced near-side yield can not be explained by soft process like thermal recombination alone.
KEK seminar, 5/Nov/2008 Univ. of Tsukuba, ShinIchi Esumi 41
R.P.
(1)(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)(7)
(8)ave (1)~(8)
ave (1),(8) ave (2),(7) ave (3),(6) ave (4),(5)
(1) (2) (3) (4)(8) (7) (6) (5)
Pure Flow Simulationwith trigger angle selection w.r.t. R.P.with/without R.P. aligned event mixing
wit
hout
R.P
. ali
gned
eve
nt m
ixin
gw
ith
R.P
. ali
gned
ev
ent m
ixin
g
(1) (2) (3) (4)(8) (7) (6) (5)
KEK seminar, 5/Nov/2008 Univ. of Tsukuba, ShinIchi Esumi 42
Au+Au vs. Cent @ /4Au+Au vs. RPInclusive Au+Au
• Inclusive correlation Au+Au – Example: 0-5%– Modest flow in this bin– Background subtraction can only make effect more pronounced
• Choose a trigger orientation with minimal impact from modulated background– 4th bin: ~ /4 (grey circles)
• Example: Au+Au in 4th RP bin, several centralities– “mach cone”(?) effect clear without any subtraction– Need to focus on source of shoulder!
Medium effects w/o subtraction?
KEK seminar, 5/Nov/2008 Univ. of Tsukuba, ShinIchi Esumi 43
KEK seminar, 5/Nov/2008 Univ. of Tsukuba, ShinIchi Esumi 44
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