keeping an operational eye on wind and solar
DESCRIPTION
HECO describes the challenges in integrating wind and solar energy into the electric grid in the real world. Slides from the REIS seminar series at the University of Hawaii at Manoa on 2010-09-02.TRANSCRIPT
Keeping an Operational Keeping an Operational
Eye on Wind and SolarEye on Wind and Solar
Presentation for REIS SeminarPresentation for REIS Seminar
at the University of Hawaiiat the University of Hawaii
September 2, 2010September 2, 2010
Topic
• What is being done to manage renewable distributed generation?
2
Overview
• “Behind-the-meter” PV statistics for the islands
4
Hawaiian Islands
PV Penetration Overview
As of August 2010
HELCO MECO HECO
Big Island
Maui Molokai Lanai Oahu
Installed/Pre-Approved PV
(kW)17,259 9,032 535 2,053 21,578
2009 Peak Load (MW)
195 200 5.9 4.7 1200
Island PV Penetration
(%)8.9% 4.5% 9.1% 44% 1.8%
HECO High Penetration Distribution Circuits
6
Source: HECO
As of August 2010
MECO DG Status
7
Source: MECO
As of August 2010
HELCO High Penetration Distribution Circuits
Source: HELCO
As of August 2010
Locational Value Maps (LVM) of High Penetration Circuits
9
Standardized, web-
accessible LVM created
for HECO/MECO/HELCO
to visually track circuit
penetrations. Informs
developers of high
penetration locations
which may require study.
Internally, automatic links
from GIS, CIS, T&D
infrastructure details are
being tested. Future links
to other database layers
including outage mgt,
asset mgt. DSM & UFLS
circuits
•Areas with highest PV penetration on Oahu:
– Millilani and Honolulu: Due to customer PV
Oahu
Maui
Molokai
Lanai
• Areas with highest PV penetration in Maui County:– Wailuku/Kahului, Maui:
Due to large PV projects– Kaunakakai, Molokai:
Due to combination of small circuit loads and interconnected commercial PV systems
– Manele, Lanai: Due to Lanai Sustainability Research (LSR) 1.2 MW facility
• Areas with highest PV penetration on Big Island:– Kona Coast: Due
to large commercial PV systems
– Hilo: Due to combination of small circuit loads and interconnected commercial PV systems
– Waimea/Honokaa/Volcano: Due to small circuit loads and DG PV systems
Big Island of Hawaii
Common Pathways ForwardHawaiian Electric Companies
12
What will we need to successfully operate in 2030?
2010 Today
2010 Today
2030 Future
Renewable
resource
characterization
and monitoring
Renewable
resource
characterization
and monitoring
Increase system
operators real timevisibility of resources
and distribution system
(e.g. sensors, PMU)
Increase system
operators real timevisibility of resources
and distribution system
(e.g. sensors, PMU)
Distributed resource
penetration
monitoring and
management
(location, trends, etc)
Distributed resource
penetration
monitoring and
management
(location, trends, etc)
Use appropriate
renewable resource
gen/trans/DG models
Use appropriate
renewable resource
gen/trans/DG models
Field Monitoring& Validation
Field Monitoring& Validation
Develop and
implement Wind and
Solar ramp
forecasting tool
Develop and
implement Wind and
Solar ramp
forecasting tool
Integrated Sys. Modeling
Integrated Sys. Modeling
Increase DR Visibility on Sys.
Increase DR Visibility on Sys.
Capture DG impacts
in system planning
and operations
Capture DG impacts
in system planning
and operations
Add “aggregated” DG resource visibility to
system operations
Add “aggregated” DG resource visibility to
system operations
Implement variability
management tools(e.g. enhanced thermal
unit capability, load
management, storage,
smart grid, etc.)
Implement variability
management tools(e.g. enhanced thermal
unit capability, load
management, storage,
smart grid, etc.)
Increase com system bandwidth and
visualization capability
Increase com system bandwidth and
visualization capabilityFunded/Initiated
Have Not Initiated
Focus of Efforts• Resource and Circuit Load Monitoring
• Distribution Circuit Modeling and Analysis
• Planning & Operational Visualization Tools
• Ramping Mitigation Strategies
– Smart Load Shedding Schemes
– DG Inverter communications/control
• Policy Decisions to manage renewable DG
growth13
Focus of Efforts• Resource and Circuit Load Monitoring
• Distribution Circuit Modeling and Analysis
• Planning & Operational Visualization Tools
14
HiP-PV Field Monitoring
15
• Substation deployment of low cost TJD-1 pyranometer system for high
resolution, time synchronized solar resource monitoring (1sec) and data for
modeling at 12 kV substations
• Deployed at high-penetration circuits to assess PV impacts
• Promotes active participation by substation and field personnel
HiP-PV Field Monitoring
16
Local Solar Potential Monitors (LM-1)
17
• Mounted on com. tower leg; directly wired into RTU
• Less than 8-bit data transfer at 1 sec refresh
• All panels with same tilt axis facing SE
Operation Planning ���� PredictiveVisualization & Data Monitoring
Ability to anticipate production on the system by linking solar resource information with installed capacity around the island
Focus of Efforts• Resource and Circuit Load Monitoring
• Distribution Circuit Modeling and Analysis
• Planning & Operational Visualization Tools
19
Distribution Circuit Modeling and Analysis
• Model distribution system (12kV, 46kV)
• Study the effects of high penetration PV on the circuit and system level
• Develop scenario/result database
• Validate model with measured data
• Suggested solutions
20
Focus of Efforts• Resource and Circuit Load Monitoring
• Distribution Circuit Modeling and Analysis
• Planning & Operational Visualization Tools
21
Automated Visualization Tools
22
1% < PV ≤ 5%
5% < PV% ≤ 10%
10% < PV% < 15%
PV ≥ 15%
Automated Visualization Tools
23
1% < PV ≤ 5%
5% < PV% ≤ 10%
10% < PV% < 15%
PV ≥ 15%
Automated Visualization Tools
24
1% < PV ≤ 5%
5% < PV% ≤ 10%
10% < PV% < 15%
PV ≥ 15%
Automated Visualization Tools
25
1% < PV ≤ 5%
5% < PV% ≤ 10%
10% < PV% < 15%
PV ≥ 15%
Visualization Tools
• Planning
• Operations
26
Planning Visualization Tool
– Distribution Modeling/Analysis
– Scenario-based Conditions
– Validation with Measured Data
– Suggested Solutions
27
Operational Visualization Tool
– DG Penetration Levels
– Resource Map
– Circuit Load Map
– Communications Map
– Provide Alert Flags
• Planning Visualization Tool
• Operator Experience
28
H.U.I. WindNET
29
• Deployment of remote sensing devices (sodar) on Big Island for wind ramp rate forecasting pilot
• Leverage collaborations with CA, OR, HI utilities to operationalize an early warning capability for operators
• One of the first deployments in the nation for purposes of ramp forecasting for utility applications
Sites Visited
30
Questions/Comments??
Mahalo
HECO MECO HELCO
Family of HEI Utilities
Time of Day
What is the Right Mix?
Evening peak
remains
Solar PV driving
down day peak load
Solar Potential Period
32
Actual Solar Sub-hourly Trends
Source: HELCO
Ou
tpu
t (k
W)
Time of Day
Industrial Solar PV Project
PV Cluster and Aggregated Models
12kV
Substation
L
L
L
LM-1: shows 30%
Installed PV: 300 kW
Total Load: 1.5 MW
Effective Gen: 100kW
LL
• Characterize discrete and aggregated
circuit load profiles at 12 kV
substation (residential, industrial, commercial)
• Use reference LM-1 sensors to
estimate solar resource output at location
• Be able to project solar resource
potential and circuit loading to
account for behind-the-meter generation
L
L
L
Monitoring
Validation
Integration
Customer sites
Employee Volunteers
Parameterization of ramp rates over various time intervals and locations
Gain experience
Engage field personnel
Hi-Penetration PV Initiative (HiP PV)
• SMUD/HECO HiP-PV – (2010-2012)– Deploy monitoring devices, assess/validate impact of high
penetration circuits and integrate results into T&D models
– Investigate solar forecasting & graphics-based visualization
tools (pyranometers, sky imager, field data to EMS interface)
– Scenario-based modeling impact of high penetration PV on
select distribution circuits (HECO/HELCO/MECO)
• Industry Partnerships– SMUD, SunPower, BEW Engineering, AREVA, Siemens,
Schweitzer, SunPower for Schools, WECC Utilities, HNEI,
AWS Truewind, EPRI
34