• The Kazakh khanate was founded in 1465 on the banks of Jetisu which means seven rivers in the southern part of Kazakhstan by Janybek Khan and Kerei Khan.

• Russian traders and soldiers began to appear on the northwestern side of Kazakh in the 17th century.

• In 1917 a group of socialists named the Alash Orda tried to set up a independent government.

• Because of the deal attempted by Moscow hardliners against the Gorbachev government in August 1991 the union treaty was never signed.

• During the same time period, Nazarbayev began preparing his republic for much better freedom if not independence.

• Active like hockey, weightlifting and boxing.• Modern culture.• They have western culture from neighboring countries like China and Russia• They are 46% Christian and Native Kazakh Muslim and they also have 8% of

other religions or people who have no religions. • Painting is popular and sculpting as well as dancing.

• Some of the major cities in Kazakhstan are Almaty, Astana, Aktau, Aktobe, Atyrau, Taraz and Turkestan.

• The capital city in Astana which is located in the northern part of Kazakhstan.• Kazakhstan is in the eastern hemisphere and also in the northern hemisphere. • The neighboring countries are Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Kyrgyzstan, China and

Russia as well as the Caspian sea and the Aral sea. • Some of the major lake and rivers are Lake Balkhash, and Erris river.

• Kazakhstan has been going up and down through out the 20 and 21st century. • In September 2002 Kazakhstan became the first former Soviet Union country to

get a investment-grade credit rating. • Oil and gas is the leading economic producer. • The currency in Kazakhstan is the Tenge (KZT). • One Canadian dollar is worth $1.45 Tenges. • There are T5000, 2000, 1000, 500, 200, 100, 50, 20, 10, 5, 2 and 1, and 20, 10, 5, 3

and 1 notes and coins of T100, 50, 20, 10 and 1.

• The total population of Kazakhstan is jus t over 15 million people.• This total is made up of Kazakhs, Russians, Ukrainians, Germans, Koreans, Poles,

Greeks, Tatars, Turks and many other nationalities.

• There are five different vegetation zones the forest, steppe, mountain area, desert and semi-desert.

• Many regions of Kazakhstan are mainly dry and get very little rain.• Kazakhstan is mainly desert.• If you travelled anywhere around Kazakhstan you would be probably able to find

desert.

• The coat of arms in the Republic of Kazakhstan was adopted in 1992.• The designers of the coat of arms are Jandarbek Melibekov and Shota Walikhanov.• The coat of arms of Kazakhstan has the image of the shanyrak, the upper portion

of the yurt, on a sky blue background which irradiates (as sun rays) uyks (supports) off by the wings mythical of the horses.

• The circle shape of the coat of arms stands for life and eternity.• The shanyrak stands for well being of family, peace and calmness. •

• Blue rectangle with gold sun in the middle surrounded by 32 beams and a Steppe eagle flying beneath it and near it is a vertical strip with a national ornament.

• All pictures on the flag are in gold.• The pattern represents the art and cultural traditions of the old khanate and

Kazakh people.• The light blue background represents the various Turkic people which make up

the present day population in Kazakhstan. • Throughout these people blue has a religious significant representing the sky god

Tengri “the eternal wide blue sky” and water as well. • The light blue also represents cultural and ethnic unity of the Kazakhstani.• The gold eagle has been on many tribes flags in Kazakhstan because to them it

represents independence, freedom and the fight to the future.

• Kazak and Russian are the two official languages.• Kazak is in the Nogai-Kipchak subgroup of northeastern Turkic languages.• Kazak is made up of the two languages of Tartar and Mongol.

• The highest rank of parliament is the President who currently is Nursultan Nazarbayev.

• The president goes on five year terms on which at the end of one the new president is elected.

• The Prime Minister and Deputy Prime Minister are chosen by the President.• Council of Ministers is also chosen by the President. • The president is head of state but he is also chief of the armed forces.• Kazakhstan is a Constitutional Republic.• Nursultan Nazarbayev belongs to the Nur Otan party.

• The continental climate has hot summers and cold winters and is fairly dry, July is the hottest month in the continental climate.

• In Kazakhstan you will find average weather and rain as well as temperatures.• In the mountains and east there is an average of 600 millimeters of rain per year

due to the distance from Kazakhstan to the ocean. • It is very sunny all year round.• Average winter temperatures are -3 in the north and about 18 in the south.