katz (strawn) field co2 project...katz (strawn) field co2 project troy kelly david smith 1 presented...
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Katz (Strawn) Field CO2 Project
Troy Kelly David Smith
1
Presented at the 15th Annual CO2 Flooding Conference
December 10-11, 2009
Midland, Texas
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Outline
• Field Overview• Reservoir Data• CO2 Project – Design and Implementation• Facilities – Compression / Pipeline
2
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Katz (Strawn) Field
3
King, Knox, Stonewall, Haskell Counties, Texas
80 miles north of Abilene, TX
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M i d l a n d B a s i n
C laytonville
P ennsylvan ian reef reservo irsM odified from G a llow ay, e t a l. (1983 )
S AC R O C
LYNN GARZA KENT STONEWALL
DAWSON
TERRY HASKELL
KNOX
BORDEN SCURRY FISHER JONES
TAYLORNOLANMITCHELLHOWARD
MARTIN
COKE0 20 m i
0 30 km
QAd4569x
Katz
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Salt Fork of Brazos River
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Katz Type Log
2nd Strawn (4,900’ Sand)• Average Porosity – 17%
• Average Permeability – 124 md
1St Strawn (4,800’ Sand)• Average Porosity – 16%
• Average Permeability – 53 md
Dirty 3rd Strawn (5,100’ Sand)• Average Porosity – 16%
• Average Permeability – 3.2 md
Clean 3rd Strawn (5,100’ Sand)• Average Porosity – 16%
• Average Permeability – 55 md
25 Square Miles of 3D data
Specialty ProcessingRelative Acoustic Impedance
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Katz Field History Jan. 1951 Katz Field discovered by Katz Oil Co, H.D. Dozier No. 1 (current well name, ERU No.59). Mar. 1951 Katz (5100) Field discovered by T.D. Humphrey, Mattie Davis No. 1 (located on the
Orsborn Unit). Jul. 1983 Katz (Day) Field discovered by Getty Oil Co, Roy Day No. 4 (current well name, SWRU
No.35). Oct. 1984 Orsborn Unit waterflood began into the Katz and Katz (5100) Fields (Conoco, operator). Oct. 1987 ERU unitized in the Katz and Katz (5100) Fields (Standard Oil Production Co, operator). Nov. 1989 SWRU unitized in the Katz, Katz (Day), Katz (5100) Fields (BP Exploration, operator). Nov. 1989 CBLU unitized in the Katz and Katz (5100) Fields (Phillips Pet. Co, operator). May 2006 Kinder Morgan Production Co. became operator of ERU, CBLU, and SWRU.
Nov 2009 Consolidated 3 fields into the Katz (Strawn) Field.
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ERU
CBLU
SWRU
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9
10
100
1,000
10,000
100,000
1/1/1951 1/1/1961 1/1/1971 1/1/1981 1/1/1991 1/1/2001 1/1/2011
Gas
Oil
Water
Katz Total Production(Katz + Katz (Day) + Katz (5100)) Fields
BPD
or M
CFP
D
P + S = 32.5% OOIP
Cum oil = 59.98 MM STB
Oct 1987 ERU WF
Nov 1989 CBLU and SWRU WF
Combined ERU, CBLU, SWRU
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SP PHIESid Katz
H. T. Lorentzen “C”
Well No. 11, Stonewall County, TXKatz Field
Katz (Day) FieldThe Katz (Day) Field is not located in this well, but would be found at this relative depth in portion of reservoir where it exists.
Katz (5100) Field
Historically Katz was comprised of 3 fields.
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Sid Katz
H. T. Lorentzen “C”
Well No. 11, Stonewall County, TXKatz Field
Katz (Day) Field
Katz (5100) Field
SP PHIE
1st Sand
2nd Sand
3rd Sand
Lower 3rd
Sand
Orientation of the 3 sands to the 3 fields
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Sid Katz
H. T. Lorentzen “C”
Well No. 11, Stonewall County, TX
Katz (Strawn) Field
Consolidation into 1 field was approved by TRRC November 4, 2009
SP PHIE
4963 ft
5691 ft
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Reservoir DataLithology Strawn SandstoneProducing Interval 4800’ – 5400’Reservoir Dip 3 degrees (to SW)Net Pay 45’ * 3 sands = 135’Porosity 12 – 22%Perm 2 – 3700 mDInitial Water Saturation 28%1st and 2nd Sand WOC TZ begins -3503’ thru -3438’3rd Sand WOC -3660’Water Salinity 120,000 ppm Cl,
TDS = 185,000 ppmReservoir Temperature 116 deg F (orig. 119 deg F)Reservoir Pressure 1600 psig (orig. 2200 psig)
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Katz Field
Structure Map First Sand Formation Top CI = 10 feet
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1st Sand - HCFT
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2nd Sand - HCFT
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3rd Sand - HCFT
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Key Reservoir Engineering DataCore φ-k Transform
Dykstra-Parsons
Relative Perm End Points Wettability
Swi
0.248
0.278
0.39
0.347
Sorw
0.82 0.753
0.641
0.639
0.67
0.694
Water-Wet
Strongly WW
0.70
0.64
Strongly WW
Moderately WW
Avg Average
1st 53 md 47.7 md
2nd 124 md 263.2 md
Dirty 3rd 3 md 3 md
Clean 3rd 55 md 50 md
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Relative Permeability Curves
00.1
0.20.3
0.40.5
0.60.7
0.80.9
1
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1Water Saturation (% PV)
krw
kro Data Lake kro Match B-C kro Matchkrw Data Lake krw Match B-C krw Match
Relative Permeability Curves
00.1
0.20.3
0.40.5
0.60.7
0.80.9
1
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1Water Saturation (% PV)
k rw
kro Data Lake kro Match B-C kro Matchkrw Data Lake krw Match B-C krw Match
1st Sand 2nd Sand
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Capillary PressureAir-Brine Capillary Pressure
y = -83.333x + 2957.5
y = -0.1451x + 16.601
0.00
10.00
20.00
30.00
40.00
50.00
60.00
70.00
80.00
0.00 10.00 20.00 30.00 40.00 50.00 60.00 70.00 80.00 90.00 100.00
Water Saturation (%)
Pc A
/Br (
psia
)
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
Height above 100%
FWL (ft)
PWL = 72ft TZ Height = 67 ft
Used to characterize 2nd Sand TZ
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PVT Data
• Discovery Pressure – 2200 psia• API Gravity – 38.6o
• Oil Viscosity – 2.151 cP• Current GOR - < 100 scf/bbl
– Original Solution GOR – 250 scf/bbl• Current Bubblepoint – 138 psia
– Original Bubblepoint – 1130 psia• Oil Formation Volume Factor – 1.183 rvb/stb
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PVT Data (cont)
• Oil Fingerprint Analysis– All three sands have
same source• Biomarkers indicate Late Paleozoic
– Barnett Shale– Marine Depositional Environment
• Marine algal-bacterial organic matter• Low terrigenous organic material
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Original vs. Current Oil Recombination
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Katz Recombined Oil Comparison
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
C1 C2 C3 iC4 nC4 iC5 nC5 C6 C7
Hydrocarbon Component
Mole %
Original Recombined Oil Composition Current Recombined Oil Composition
MW = 218
MW = 222
Indication that light ends have been produced
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Recombined Hydrocarbon Components
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Katz Recombined Hydrocarbon Components
0.00
1.00
2.00
3.00
4.00
5.00
6.00
7.00
8.00
9.00
10.00
C1 C2 C3 iC4
nC4
iC5
nC5 C6 C7 C8 C9 C10
C11
C12
C13
C14
C15
C16
C17
C18
C19
C20
C21
C22
C23
C24
C25
C26
C27
C28
C29
C30
C31
C32
C33
C34
C35
C36+
Hydrocarbon Component
Mole %
Indicates potential paraffin and asphaltene problems
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CO2 Project Hurdles• No allocated production/injection data• Limited and missing well test data• Old neglected wellbores• No physical core samples• No CO2 Pipeline
– Long PL for smaller target• Multiple Zones• Brazos River• Outdated / limited log data
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CO2 PVT
• MMP – 1746 psia @ 100% CO2– 1751 psia @ 90% CO2 – 10% Produced Gas– 2104 psia @ 75% CO2 – 25% Produced Gas
• CO2 FVF – 1.83 mcf/rvb• CO2-Water Solubility – 83 scf/bbl
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Katz Slim-tube TestsKatz Slim-tube Tests
MMP 1,746 psi at 120 o F , 100% CO2MMP 1,751 psi at 120 o F , 10% Gas and 90% CO2MMP 2,104 psi at 120 o F , 25% Gas and 75% CO2
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
1,200 1,400 1,600 1,800 2,000 2,200 2,400 2,600
Back Pressure (psig)
Oil Re
cove
ry (%
OOIP)
Effect of gas contamination on MMP
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Analytical Model
• Generates Ideal WAG Ratio and Slug Sizes, Total Recovery, Production Forecast– Good for limited datasets– Quick
• Requires Water-Oil Rel Perm Curves and Basic PVT Properties
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Analytical Model Fractional Flow Curves
1: 1.5
5: 1
OB'
(a,b)Initial Saturation
Cont. CO2
JOB
Max Oil Bank WAG
Vcw
1: 1
1: 10
1: 2
2: 1
3: 1
10: 1
1: 3
Cont. H2O
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
1.1
0.00 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50 0.60 0.70 0.80 0.90 1.00Water Saturation (%)
Wat
er Fra
ctio
nal F
low
WAG Ratio
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Dim Rec Curves w/ Katz Overlay for SS Reservoirs
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0%
2%
4%
6%
8%
10%
12%
14%
16%
18%
20%
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0
Total HCPVi
Oil Recovery (% OOIP)
Field A
Field B
Field C, Phases 1&2
Field C, Phase 3
Field D
Katz
Katz
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Project Forecast
0%
2%
4%
6%
8%
10%
12%
14%
16%
18%
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3
Total HCPVi
Oil Re
covery (%
OOIP)
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
CO2 Recovery (%
HCPV
)Oil Dim Recovery CO2 Dim Recovery
• 150.8 MMSTBO CO2 Target
• Economic Recovery – 15.8%
• Purchase CO2 Vol. – 220 BCF
• Net – 9 Mcf/bbl
• Gross – 19 Mcf/bbl
• Total Recovery – 23.8 MMSTBO
• Dimensionless Curve Construction
Combination of Reservoir Simulation, Analogies, Analytical Models, and Engineering Experience
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Katz CO2 Project Forecast
0
20,000
40,000
60,000
80,000
100,000
120,000
140,000
1/1/10 1/1/12 1/1/14 1/1/16 1/1/18 1/1/20 1/1/22 1/1/24 1/1/26 1/1/28 1/1/30 1/1/32 1/1/34
MCFPD
, BWPD
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
BOPD
CO2 Production Water Production CO2 Injection Water Injection CO2 Purchase Water Disposal Oil
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Combined 3 Sands - HCFT
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3 Sands – HCFT (w/ patterns)
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CO2 Project Design
• 57 WAG Injectors• 74 Producers• 84 New Drills• 47 Workovers• 76 P&A’s• 4 Water Curtains• 5 Observation Wells• 3 Disposal Wells
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CO2 Project Design
• Injection Rates– 18% HCPV/yr
• Injection Pressure– Fracture Gradient of 0.72 psi/ft– CO2
• Surface – 1650 psig• BH - 3375 psia
– Water• Surface 1400 psig• BH – 3380 psig
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Katz Injection Wells
• Down hole isolation assembly used on CO2WAG injectors:– Control CO2 injection side when high GOR seen at
producer.– One method of zonal conformance:
*cheaper than some polymer jobs or expandable liner systems.
– Can function individual zone sleeves from surface via slick line, no rig necessary.
– Can limit individual zone rate based on orifice size.
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Downhole Isolation Assembly
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Segregation valve Assembly
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Producing Wells – ESP’s• 1100 – 1500 psig intake pressure
– ~3000’ FL– CO2 in dense phase– No Gas Separator– Mixed Flow Stages
• All equipped w/ VSD’s and BH Sensors• Continuous and Batch Corrosion Treatments
– Mitigate predicted low pH reservoir fluids• pH ~ 3.5
– High Cl• ~ 400 psig Wellhead Pressure
– Can produce at high GOR’s without freezing– Reduces need for inlet compression
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Compression Overview• Two Stage Compression – Gas Fired
– Stage 1• Suction – 300 psia• Discharge – 700 to 800 psia
– 10o Approach Chiller» Drop out any liquids
– Stage 2 • Suction – 700 psia• Discharge – 2200 psia
– 10o Approach Chiller– Cooling Tower– 1800 psia supply to the field at 95oF
• No Hydrocarbon Recovery
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Katz SWIF and Production Satellites
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Green = New or Addition
Orange = Relocated or ChangeERU Satellite
CBLU Satellite
SWRU Satellite
WIF
Exhibit 11
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Eastern Shelf Pipeline
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10” 91-mile Carbon Steel PL1700 psig delivery pressureCapacity 65 MMCF / Day
Katz
Snyder
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Thank You
• Questions?
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