Kathryn Kogan & Janet DiPaoloKathryn Kogan & Janet DiPaolo

Graduate Study in Graduate Study in Human ServicesHuman Services

““Many Roads Lead to Rome”Many Roads Lead to Rome”

IntroductionIntroduction

This presentation aims to some This presentation aims to some light on the different types of light on the different types of training that prepare the student training that prepare the student for a career in mental health.for a career in mental health.

This is offered as This is offered as starting pointstarting point for your own exploration.for your own exploration.

A Variety of DegreesA Variety of Degrees There are many different degree programs There are many different degree programs

that will prepare you for a career in human that will prepare you for a career in human services.services.

Professionals with Professionals with various degreesvarious degrees are able to are able to

build similar careers in direct care: providing build similar careers in direct care: providing counseling or psychotherapy to individuals and counseling or psychotherapy to individuals and families. families. There is considerable overlap.There is considerable overlap.

Likewise, various degree programs can lead to Likewise, various degree programs can lead to a job in administration and program a job in administration and program development, or a career in research or development, or a career in research or teaching.teaching.

Issues to ConsiderIssues to Consider Length and cost of the trainingLength and cost of the training

Is the specialty licensed?Is the specialty licensed?

Potential earningsPotential earnings

Type of settingType of setting

Do you want your degree to open a wide array of Do you want your degree to open a wide array of options and be options and be flexible down the roadflexible down the road, or do you , or do you have a very specific interest?have a very specific interest?

Prescription privilegesPrescription privileges

Getting LicensedGetting Licensed

Certain disciplines are license eligible.Certain disciplines are license eligible.

Getting licensed is a distinct advantage for Getting licensed is a distinct advantage for getting on insurance panels, getting jobs, and getting on insurance panels, getting jobs, and obtaining professional liability insurance.obtaining professional liability insurance.

Minimum of 1 year of supervised clinical work is Minimum of 1 year of supervised clinical work is usually required before taking the licensing exam.usually required before taking the licensing exam.

Licensing is managed by the state.Licensing is managed by the state.

Boards of Registration (licensing) exists for Boards of Registration (licensing) exists for Psychology, Social Work, Nursing, Medicine.Psychology, Social Work, Nursing, Medicine.

Prescription PrivilegesPrescription Privileges

To prescribe medications in To prescribe medications in Massachusetts you have two Massachusetts you have two options:options:– A degree in medicine (M.D.)A degree in medicine (M.D.)– A degree in nursing with a nurse A degree in nursing with a nurse

practitioner certificationpractitioner certification In some states, psychologists have In some states, psychologists have

the ability to prescribe, but not in the ability to prescribe, but not in Massachusetts at present.Massachusetts at present.

Professions we’ll consider…Professions we’ll consider… NursingNursing

PsychiatryPsychiatry Clinical PsychologyClinical Psychology NeuropsychologyNeuropsychology

School psychologySchool psychology Social WorkSocial Work

Master’s in CounselingMaster’s in Counseling– Marriage & Family TherapyMarriage & Family Therapy

– Rehab CounselingRehab Counseling Special EducationSpecial Education

Child Care SpecialtiesChild Care Specialties Expressive TherapiesExpressive Therapies

Addictions CertificationAddictions Certification

Psychiatric Nursing Psychiatric Nursing R.N., MSN.R.N., MSN.

Bachelors in nursing with specialty in Bachelors in nursing with specialty in psychiatric nursingpsychiatric nursing

Master’s Degree Available: Clinical nurse Master’s Degree Available: Clinical nurse specialist/Nurse Practitionerspecialist/Nurse Practitioner

Can prescribe medicationsCan prescribe medications

Hospital, clinic setting, private practice, Hospital, clinic setting, private practice, administrationadministration

www.apna.org/i4a/pages/index.cfm?pageid=3292

nurse nurse practitionerpractitioner

Licensed by state in which they practice, & board Licensed by state in which they practice, & board

certification (often through certification (often through ANCC ANCC or for specialty practice or for specialty practice

such as the such as the NCCNCC) in their area of practice. ) in their area of practice.

Rather than a generic focus of education, nurse Rather than a generic focus of education, nurse

practitioners specialize in such areas as…practitioners specialize in such areas as…

►Pediatrics ► Family

► Geriatrics ► Psychiatry

► Acute Care

www.bc.edu/schools/son/

www.uml.edu/college/SHE/Nursing/Programs.html

www.northeastern.edu/bouve/nursing/index.html

www.mghihp.edu/nursing/specialties/pysmh.html

www.mghihp.edu/nursing/entrylevel/bsn.html

www.mghihp.edu/nursing/entrylevel/ms/apn.htm

Psychiatric NursingPsychiatric Nursing AdvantagesAdvantages

– Many choices in Many choices in work type and work type and settingsetting

– Employment readily Employment readily available at decent available at decent paypay

– Prescription Prescription privilegesprivileges

– LicensedLicensed– Can pursue Master’sCan pursue Master’s– Great flexibilityGreat flexibility

DisadvantagesDisadvantages– The training has a The training has a

medical focus.medical focus.– As with medicine, As with medicine,

you choose MH as a you choose MH as a specialty.specialty.

– Nursing has it’s own Nursing has it’s own identity and focusidentity and focus

Psychiatry, M.D.Psychiatry, M.D.

A Psychiatrist is an M.D. (medical A Psychiatrist is an M.D. (medical doctor) who completes a doctor) who completes a residencyresidency in in psychiatry after completing 4 years of psychiatry after completing 4 years of medical school.medical school.

Psychiatry is a “specialty” one can Psychiatry is a “specialty” one can select following basic medical training, select following basic medical training, just as one can select pediatrics or just as one can select pediatrics or dermatology (and make more money).dermatology (and make more money).

Psychiatrist

www.healthyminds.org/whatisapsychiatrist.cfm

www.kevinturnquist.org/images/relate1.jpg

www.psych.org/psych_pract/spec_areas.cfm

www.psych.org/career_corner/jobbank

Specialty Areas

PsychiatryPsychiatry AdvantagesAdvantages

– Powerful degree $$$Powerful degree $$$– Prescribe medicationPrescribe medication– Conduct Conduct

psychotherapypsychotherapy– Private practicePrivate practice– Hospital/clinic jobsHospital/clinic jobs– Administrative jobsAdministrative jobs– Research Research

DisadvantagesDisadvantages– Must complete Must complete

medical schoolmedical school– Length of training Length of training

(6 yrs)(6 yrs)– Rigorous & Rigorous &

demandingdemanding– Must pass medical Must pass medical

boardsboards– Focus on medsFocus on meds

Master’s in Social Work, Master’s in Social Work, MSWMSW

Great range type of work and settingsGreat range type of work and settings

Training is applied and practicalTraining is applied and practical

Can select “macro” (policy) or “micro” (clinical)Can select “macro” (policy) or “micro” (clinical)

Once licensed, can join insurance “panels”Once licensed, can join insurance “panels”

Agencies, schools, hospitals, prisons, etc.Agencies, schools, hospitals, prisons, etc.

Administration & program development, Administration & program development, private practiceprivate practice

Social Work TrainingSocial Work Training A Master’s degree, MSWA Master’s degree, MSW 2 years full time2 years full time 4 years evenings4 years evenings Clinical (micro) or Systems (macro) Clinical (micro) or Systems (macro)

focusfocus State programs availableState programs available LICSW, licensed independent social LICSW, licensed independent social

worker (can practice independently)worker (can practice independently) LCSW, licensed clinical social workerLCSW, licensed clinical social worker

www.sswaa.org

www.associationsites.com/main-pub.cfm?usr=CSWA

www.aosw.org

www.socialworkers.org/students/default.asp

State Grad Programs in Social Work

● www.bridgew.edu/SocialWork/grad.cfm

● www.salemstate.edu/swk/SWK-programs.php

Private Grad Programs in Social Private Grad Programs in Social

WorkWork

● ● www.simmons.edu/sswwww.simmons.edu/ssw● ●

www.bu.edu/sswwww.bu.edu/ssw● ● socialwork.bc.edusocialwork.bc.edu● ●

www.lesley.edu/lc/humanservprog.htmlwww.lesley.edu/lc/humanservprog.html● ●

www.wheelock.edu/academics/acad_sw.www.wheelock.edu/academics/acad_sw.

aspasp from http://www.nataliedee.com/102606/social-work.jpg

Clinical Psychologist: Clinical Psychologist: Ph.D.Ph.D. Carries the title “Dr.”Carries the title “Dr.” Careers in Careers in ResearchResearch and/or and/or

clinical workclinical work Private practice or clinicPrivate practice or clinic Specialize in children or adultsSpecialize in children or adults University teachingUniversity teaching License eligible, then eligible for License eligible, then eligible for

insurance panelsinsurance panels

Doctoral Training for Doctoral Training for Clinical PsychologyClinical Psychology Length of schooling: 4 years full Length of schooling: 4 years full

time plus dissertationtime plus dissertation Research focus Research focus Complete a Doctoral Dissertation: Complete a Doctoral Dissertation:

an original research projectan original research project Master’s degree after 2 years, Master’s degree after 2 years,

then take “qualifying exams” to then take “qualifying exams” to proceed to the Ph.D.proceed to the Ph.D.

www.apa.org/divisions/div12/aboutcp.html#Anchor-QUALIFICATIONS-35882

Ph.D. Clinical Ph.D. Clinical PsychologyPsychology

AdvantagesAdvantages– Excellent quality of Excellent quality of

trainingtraining– Doctoral degreeDoctoral degree– Licensable/insurance Licensable/insurance

reimbursablereimbursable– Range of Range of

work/settingswork/settings– Private practicePrivate practice– Access to University Access to University

teachingteaching– Psychological testingPsychological testing

DisadvantagesDisadvantages– Competitive Competitive

admissionadmission– Job market limitedJob market limited– Length of training Length of training

5-7 years5-7 years– Intensive research Intensive research

requirement & requirement & focus Costfocus Cost

Psy.D. Clinical Psy.D. Clinical PsychologistPsychologist

Designed as an alternative to the Ph.D. in Designed as an alternative to the Ph.D. in clinical psychology, minus the research clinical psychology, minus the research

focus.focus.

No research dissertation requirement.No research dissertation requirement.

Admission is less competitive than Ph.D.Admission is less competitive than Ph.D.

Eligible for licensure and insurance panels.Eligible for licensure and insurance panels.

Excellent choice for those interested in Excellent choice for those interested in becoming a psychotherapist.becoming a psychotherapist.

www.mspp.edu/academics/default.asp

www.antiochne.edu/cp

NeuropsychologistNeuropsychologist

Doctoral degree (Ph.D.) with special Doctoral degree (Ph.D.) with special focus in assessing and assisting focus in assessing and assisting patients with brain dysfunction.patients with brain dysfunction.

Training in specialized neuropsych Training in specialized neuropsych assessment.assessment.

Skills needed to help with Skills needed to help with treatment/educational planning with treatment/educational planning with children and adults.children and adults.

www.div40.org/pdf/NeuropscyhBroch2.pdf

School PsychologistSchool Psychologist

Work in a school settingWork in a school setting

Primary focus is on Primary focus is on testing and evaluationtesting and evaluation

Write reports, attend meetings, determine Write reports, attend meetings, determine needs of studentsneeds of students

Limited ability to do therapeutic workLimited ability to do therapeutic work

Tough job marketTough job market

What Preparation Is Needed Prior to Entering What Preparation Is Needed Prior to Entering

Graduate School?Graduate School?

Graduate programs in school psychology usually

require a Bachelor’s degree and some coursework

in general psychology, child development, and

education.

How Do I Select a Training Program?How Do I Select a Training Program?

It is essential to select a university with a specific program

in school psychology, whether it is independent or housed

within a department of special education, education,

psychology or child development.

Who Are School Psychologists?Who Are School Psychologists?

School psychologists help children and youth

succeed academically, socially, and emotionally.

They collaborate with educators, parents, and

other professionals to create safe, healthy, and

supportive learning environments for all

students that strengthen connections between

home and school.

School psychologists are highly trained in both

psychology and education. They must complete

a minimum of a post-Master’s degree program

that includes a yearlong internship and

emphasizes preparation in mental health, child

development, school organization, learning

styles and processes, behavior, motivation,

and effective

teaching.

School psychologists must be certified and/or

licensed by the state in which they work.

www.nasponline.org/about_sp/index.aspx

Master’s in CounselingMaster’s in Counseling MA in Counseling PsychologyMA in Counseling Psychology

MA in Pastoral CounselingMA in Pastoral Counseling

MA in Marriage & Family Therapy: LMFTMA in Marriage & Family Therapy: LMFT

School GuidanceSchool Guidance

Problem: Not all are eligible for Problem: Not all are eligible for licensure/insurance panelslicensure/insurance panels

Exception: Exception: Marriage & Family TherapistMarriage & Family Therapist is is eligible for licensure (LMFT)eligible for licensure (LMFT)

www.gcoe.umb.edu/counseling/index.html

www.aamft.org

Addictions CounselorAddictions Counselor

A year-long post-bachelor’s certification that A year-long post-bachelor’s certification that qualifies one to work in addiction treatment qualifies one to work in addiction treatment facilities.facilities.

CADAC certification required for many jobs in CADAC certification required for many jobs in addictions treatment facilities.addictions treatment facilities.

Can be a useful first step towards master’s Can be a useful first step towards master’s

level training.level training.

Program available at UMB.Program available at UMB.

ccde.umb.edu/certificates/acdtsp/courccde.umb.edu/certificates/acdtsp/coursesses

addictions counseloraddictions counselor

Expressive Therapies: Expressive Therapies:

Master’s level training is available Master’s level training is available in a variety of “expressive in a variety of “expressive therapies”. therapies”. – Art TherapistArt Therapist– Music TherapistMusic Therapist– Dance Therapist Dance Therapist

Work in a variety of residential and Work in a variety of residential and inpatient facilities.inpatient facilities.

Job market is competitive Job market is competitive

www.lesley.edu/gsass/56etp.html

Expressive TherapiesExpressive Therapies

AdvantagesAdvantages– Powerful Powerful

therapeutic therapeutic approaches that approaches that are nonverbalare nonverbal

– Many interesting Many interesting applications, applications, rewarding workrewarding work

– Excellent training Excellent training available (Leslie available (Leslie University)University)

DisadvantagesDisadvantages– Limited job Limited job

marketmarket– Not insurance Not insurance

reimbursable in reimbursable in most casesmost cases

– SpecializedSpecialized

Specialized Degrees for Specialized Degrees for a Career Helping a Career Helping ChildrenChildren

Featured School:Featured School:

Wheelock CollegeWheelock College

Special EducationSpecial Education

An excellent way to combine an An excellent way to combine an interest in education with a interest in education with a psychology major.psychology major.

Master’s Degree Training.Master’s Degree Training.

Variety of public school and special Variety of public school and special education settings employ education settings employ professionals with this degree.professionals with this degree.

www.wheelock.edu/academics/g_acadspecial.asp

www.wheelock.edu/academics/g_acadchildlife.asp

www.wheelock.edu/academics/g_acadcfs.asp

www.wheelock.edu/academics/g_acadearly.asp